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A m.l.i-shot target wheel assem.l. for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil l.martin A.Reija C.Ruiz m.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain laboratorio laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y matematicas y Dpto.de Didactica de la matematica y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen m.l.cular(I3m) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A m.l.i-shot target assem.l. and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assem.l. is based on a m.l.i-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration m.l.i-shot operation proton source target assem.l.

预处理技术--家庭生物废弃物处理过程中的微塑料制造者

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 116-126页

作者： Tian Hu Fan lü Zhan Yang Zhenchao Shi Yicheng Yang Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute jiaxing 314000China

mechanical pretreatment is an indispensable process in biological treatment plants that remove plastics and other impurities from household biogenic waste(HBW).However,the imperfect separation of plastics in these pretreatment methods has raised concerns that they pose a secondary formation risk for microplastics(mPs).To validate this presumption,herein,quantities and properties of plastic debris and mPs larger than 50 μm were examined in the full chain of three different pretreatment methods in six *** facilities received HBW with or without prior depackaging at the *** key points in the secondary formation of mPs were ***,flux estimates of mPs were released,and an analysis of mPs sources was provided to develop an overview of their fate in HBW *** output can contain a maximum of(1673±279) to(3198±263) mP particles per kilogram of wet weight(particles·kg^(-1)ww) for those undepackaged at source,and secondary mPs formation is primarily attributed to biomass crushers,biohydrolysis reactors,and rough ***,HBW depackaged at the source can greatly reduce mPs by 8%-72%,regardless of pretreatment *** pretreatment,4.6-205.6 m.l.ion mP particles were present in 100 tonnes of *** are produced at a rate of 741.11-33124.22 billion mP particles annually in anaerobic digester feedstock(ADF).This study demonstrated that HBW pretreatment is a competitive source of mPs and emphasized the importance of im.l.menting municipal solid waste segregation at the ***,depackaging biogenic waste at the source is recommended to substantially alleviate the negative effect of pretreatment on mPs formation.

关键词： microplastics Plastic debris Household biogenic waste Depackage Pretreatment

Semi-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.G.PAVITHRA B.J.GIREESHA m.l.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Research in mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of mathematics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The therm.l.examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and therm.l.characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the therm.l.conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTm) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical sim.l.tion results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the therm.l.overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.

关键词： convection radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTm) trihybrid nanofluid magnetic field

护理专业国际学生短期访学教育项目的设计与实施

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 83-90页

作者： Ubolrat Piamjariyakul Saima Shafique Dana l.Friend Kimberly A.Adams Wiyakarn Sanghuachang Trisha m.Petitte Stephanie Young School of Nursing West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA Boromarajonani College of Nursing Saraburi SaraburiThailand

目的旨在描述制定及评估一项短期留学生研究和教育项目。方法研究分为项目制定与实施及评价2部分。根据1名国际学生的短期访学需求,护理学院的全球护理项目协调员和首席导师共同确定项目基本内容和团队成员。该项目学习活动考虑了该国... 详细信息

目的旨在描述制定及评估一项短期留学生研究和教育项目。方法研究分为项目制定与实施及评价2部分。根据1名国际学生的短期访学需求,护理学院的全球护理项目协调员和首席导师共同确定项目基本内容和团队成员。该项目学习活动考虑了该国际学生对老年人和居家临终关怀的兴趣,包括4项内容:.开展研究工作,参与教学活动,参与临床实践活动,以及特殊活动和专业发展培训课程。在为期6个月的访学结束时,对参与此次教学活动的教师、研究生及留学生进行访谈和简短问卷调查。结果通过访谈了解到3个方面的内容:通过参与该项目中获得的经验(增强了教育和研究的多样性,获得了新的全球医疗保健知识,对文化意识的自我反思和促进);项目实施的障碍和挑战(签证申请过程,英语语言障碍,缺乏公共交通设施,时间安排冲突);克服这些障碍和挑战的策略(在课程中增加文化多样性信息;与其他同学一起学习英语;使用不同的沟通技巧;在签证申请过程中与大学全球事务办公室持续合作;提供互动体验)。所有项目参与者都对该项目表示非常满意(4.67±0.50),认为对他们在科研、教学和临床实践方面的护理技能有很大影响(4.67±0.50)。结论此次项目的参与者均获得了相关经验,可用于今后的教学指导活动。国际护理专业学生需要得到帮助才能更好地适应访学环境,教师必须具有文化敏感性,了解学生的学习需求,并倡导营造适合学生学习的环境。

关键词：评价国际学生护理教育课程

In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & m.l.cular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat m.U.Demael l.Swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

members of the coronaviridae fam.l. are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2,mERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,Nl63,HKU1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection Universal

Tomographic reconstruction of the Earth’s magnetosheath from m.l.iple spacecraft:a theoretical study

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 204-214页

作者： A.m.Jorgensen TianRan Sun Y.Huang l.li R.Xu l.Dai Chi Wang New mexico Institute of mining and Technology SocorroNMUSA National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Following our earlier work on tomographic reconstruction of the magnetosheath soft X-ray emissions with superposed epoch analysis of many images recorded from a single spacecraft we now explore the instantaneous reconstruction of the magnetosheath and magnetopause using a few images recorded sim.l.aneously from a few *** work is motivated by the prospect of possibly having two or three soft X-ray imagers in space in the coming years,and that many phenomena which occur at the magnetopause boundary,such as reconnection events and pressure pulse responses,do not lend themselves as well to superposed epoch *** the reconstruction is successful-which we demonstrate in this paper that it can be-this collection of imagers can be used to reconstruct the magnetosheath and magnetopause from a single image from each spacecraft,allowing for high time resolution *** this paper we explore the reconstruction using,two,three,and four *** show that the location of the subsolar point of the magnetopause can be determined with just two satellites,and that volume emissions of soft X-rays,and the shape of the boundary,can be reconstructed using three or more satellites.

关键词： magnetosheath tomography soft X-ray imaging Sm.l.

Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjamin m.Knight Connor m.Gautam Colton R.Stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph R.Smith Chris m.Orban Juan J.manfredi Kyle D.Frische michael l.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet em.l.ying a measurement suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m) D_2O liquid sheet em.l.ying a measurement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 meV. Particle-in-cell sim.l.tions using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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新型钙-氧气电池可在室温下充放电

张江科技评论 2024年第1期 126-127页

作者： YE l lIAO m ZHANG K 戴川

创新点,我国丰富的钙资源,基于金属钙的电池体系在未来的能源应用中具有广阔前景。钙-氧气电池是一种潜在的高能量密度电池系统,具有理论上较高的能量存储能力。然而,钙金属负极具有高电化学活性,容易导致电解液被还原分解并在电极表面... 详细信息

创新点,我国丰富的钙资源,基于金属钙的电池体系在未来的能源应用中具有广阔前景。钙-氧气电池是一种潜在的高能量密度电池系统,具有理论上较高的能量存储能力。然而,钙金属负极具有高电化学活性,容易导致电解液被还原分解并在电极表面形成钝化层。

关键词：电化学活性钝化层充放电电池系统能量存储高能量密度电解液负极

metal-modulated epitaxy of mg-doped Al_(0.80)In_(0.20)N-based layer for application as the electron blocking layer in deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 80-89页

作者： Horacio Irán Solís-Cisneros Carlos Alberto Hernández-Gutiérrez Enrique Campos-González máximo lópez-lópez Optomechatronics Group Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tuxtla Gutiérrezcarretera Panamericana 1080C.P.29050Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMéxico Departamento de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones NuclearesCarretera México-Toluca s/nC.P.52750La Marquesa OcoyoacacMéxico Departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508San Pedro ZacatencoGustavo A.Madero07360 Ciudad de MéxicoCDMXMéxico

This work reports the growth and characterization of p-AlInN layers doped with mg by plasma-assisted m.l.cular beam epitaxy(PAmBE).AlInN was grown with an Al m.l.r fraction of 0.80 by metal-modulated epitaxy(mmE)with a thickness of 180 nm on Si(111)substrates using AlN as buffer *** substrate temperatures were used to enhance the incorporation of indium atoms into the alloy without clustering,as confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD).Cathodoluminescence measurements revealed ultraviolet(UV)range ***,Hall effect measurements indicated a maximum hole mobility of 146 cm^(2)/(V∙s),corresponding to a free hole concentration of 1.23×10^(19)cm^(−3).The sam.l.s were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)estimating the alloy composition and extracting the Fermi level by valence band ***-doped AlInN layers were studied for use as the electron-blocking layer(EBl)in lED *** varied the Al composition in the EBl from 0.84 to 0.96 m.l.r fraction to assess its theoretical effects on electroluminescence,carrier concentration,and electric field,using SIlVACO *** results from this study highlight the importance and capability of producing high-quality mg-doped p-AlInN layers through *** sim.l.tions suggest that an Al content of 0.86 is optim.l.for achieving desired outcomes in electroluminescence,carrier concentration,and electric field.

关键词： metal-modulated epitaxy AlInN DUV-lED EBl sim.l.tion