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Principles for managing marine ecosystems prone to tipping points

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ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第5期1卷 15-32页

作者： Kimberly A.Selkoe Thorsten Blenckner Margaret R.Caldwell larry B.Crowder Ashley l.erickson Timothy e.essington James A.estes Rod M.Fujita Benjamin S.Halpern Mary e.Hunsicker Carrie V.Kappel Ryan P.Kelly John N.Kittinger Phillip S.levin John M.lynham Megan e.Mach Rebecca G.Martone lindley A.Mease Anne Ksalomon Jameal F.samhouri Courtney Scarborough Adrian C.Stier Crow White Joy Zedler National Center for ecological Analysis and Synthesis 735 State StreetSuite 300Santa BarbaraCalifornia 93101 USA Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of HawaiiKaneoheHawaii 96744 USA Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm UniversityKra¨ftriket 2B10691 StockholmSweden Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via Ortega Room 193StanfordCalifornia 94305 USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195 USA Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology 100 Shaffer RoadUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95060 USA environmental Defense Fund 123 Mission Street28th FloorSan FranciscoCalifornia 94105 USA Bren School of environmental Science and Management University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106 USA Imperial College london Silwood Park CampusBuckhurst RoadAscot SL57PY United Kingdom School of Marine and environmental Affairs University of Washington3707 Brooklyn Avenue NESeattleWashington 98105-6715 USA Conservation International Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans7192 Kalaniana‘ole HighwaySuite G230HonoluluHawaii 96825 USA Conservation Biology Division Northwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration2725 Montlake Boulevard EastSeattleWashington 98112 USA Department of economics University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822 USA School of Resource and environmental Management Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish Columbia V5A1S6 Canada Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCalifornia 93407 USA Botany Department University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin 53706 USA

As climatic changes and human uses intensify,resource managers and other decision makers are taking actions to either avoid or respond to ecosystem tipping points,or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are often costly and hard to *** indicates that explicitly addressing tipping points leads to improved management *** on theory and examples from marine systems,we distill a set of seven principles to guide effective management in ecosystems with tipping points,derived from the best available *** principles are based on observations that tipping points(1)are possible everywhere,(2)are associated with intense and/or multifaceted human use,(3)may be preceded by changes in earlywarning indicators,(4)may redistribute benefits among stakeholders,(5)affect the relative costs of action and inaction,(6)suggest biologically informed management targets,and(7)often require an adaptive response to *** suggest that early action to preserve system resilience is likely more practical,affordable,and effective than late action to halt or reverse a tipping *** articulate a conceptual approach to management focused on linking management targets to thresholds,tracking early-warning signals of ecosystem instability,and stepping up investment in monitoring and mitigation as the likelihood of dramatic ecosystem change *** approach can simplify and economize management by allowing decision makers to capitalize on the increasing value of precise information about threshold relationships when a system is closer to tipping or by ensuring that restoration effort is sufficient to tip a system into the desired regime.

关键词： critical transition ecosystem-based management marine spatial planning nonlinear relationships restoration ecology stakeholder engagement

榅桲总黄酮对自发性高血压大鼠血压和血管内皮功能的影响

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中华中医药杂志 2017年第3期32卷 1287-1290页

作者：周文婷古再努尔.买买提阿迪力.阿不都热合曼邬利娅.伊明 moore Nicholas 艾尼瓦尔.吾买尔新疆医科大学基础医学院药理教研室乌鲁木齐830011 法国波尔多大学药理教研室法国波尔多33076

目的:研究榅桲总黄酮对自发性高血压大鼠血压和血管内皮功能的影响。方法:自发性高血压大鼠分为模型组,卡托普利组(25mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),杜仲平压片组(30mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),榅桲总黄酮低、中、高剂量组(40、80、160mg·kg^(-1)·d... 详细信息

目的:研究榅桲总黄酮对自发性高血压大鼠血压和血管内皮功能的影响。方法:自发性高血压大鼠分为模型组,卡托普利组(25mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),杜仲平压片组(30mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),榅桲总黄酮低、中、高剂量组(40、80、160mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),WKY大鼠作正常对照。灌胃给药16周,每2周测定血压1次,末次给药后分别测定血清内皮素-1(eT-1)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(e NOS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)及降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的含量,评价榅桲总黄酮对自发性高血压大鼠血压和血管内皮功能的影响。结果:与模型组比较,榅桲总黄酮各剂量组大鼠收缩压和舒张压均呈降低趋势,eT-1和MDA水平降低而NO、e NOS、SOD及CGRP水平均有不同程度升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:榅桲总黄酮可降低自发性高血压大鼠血压,作用机制可能与抑制血管内皮功能障碍,调节血管舒缩因子释放有关。

关键词：榅桲总黄酮自发性高血压大鼠血管内皮

高胆固醇血症对兔心肌能量代谢的影响及阿托伐他汀和辅酶Q10的干预作用

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中华医学杂志 2012年第26期92卷 1854-1857页

作者：曲润波鹿育萨龚飞宇山西医科大学第二医院心血管内科太原030001

目的探讨阿托伐他汀和辅酶Q10对高胆固醇血症兔心肌损伤和心肌能量代谢的干预作用。方法40只健康雄性新西兰兔分成5组：正常对照组、高胆固醇组、他汀组、辅酶Q10（5mg／kg）l组、辅酶Q10（10mg／kg）2组。喂养6周后，取静脉空腹血标本... 详细信息

目的探讨阿托伐他汀和辅酶Q10对高胆固醇血症兔心肌损伤和心肌能量代谢的干预作用。方法40只健康雄性新西兰兔分成5组：正常对照组、高胆固醇组、他汀组、辅酶Q10（5mg／kg）l组、辅酶Q10（10mg／kg）2组。喂养6周后，取静脉空腹血标本测血清总胆固醇（TC）的浓度；取心肌组织，电镜观察线粒体超微结构改变；用高效液相色谱法测心肌线粒体ATP和辅酶Q10含量；用紫外分光光度法测线粒体呼吸链复合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ的活性。结果高胆固醇组心肌纤维排列紊乱，部分断裂、溶解，线粒体肿胀，嵴紊乱、模糊，与对照组比较，高胆固醇组线粒体呼吸链复合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ活性下降[分别为（μ***^-1·mg^-1）5．39±0．53比12．95±0．99，1．89士0．26比6．65±0．95，P〈0．01]，线粒体ATP、辅酶Q10含量减少[分别为（mg／l）0．17±0．05比0．44±0．06，0．09±0．02比0．25±0．04，P〈0．01]；他汀组与高胆固醇组比较，呼吸链复合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ活性升高[分别为（μ***^-1·mg^-1）9．12±1．19比5．39±0．53，4．61±0．52比1．89±0．26，P〈0．01]。线粒体ATP、辅酶Q10含量差异无统计学意义。辅酶Q101组与他汀组比较，呼吸链复合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ活性差异无统计学意义；线粒体ATP、辅酶Q10含量增加[分别为（mg／l）0．35．±0．03比0．16±0．04，0．17±0．02比0．07±0．02，P〈0．01]。辅酶Q102组与辅酶Q10 1组比较，各指标差异无统计学意义。结论高胆固醇血症可导致心肌超微结构改变及线粒体能量代谢障碍，阿托伐他汀可减轻心肌结构损伤，阿托伐他汀联合辅酶Q10可进一步改善心肌线粒体能量代谢障碍。

关键词：高胆固醇血症线粒体心肌阿托伐他汀辅酶Q10

为高等教育信息化基础设施发展可持续的数据服务:要求和可吸取的经验(英文)

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数据与计算发展前沿 2014年第1期5卷 16-34页

关键词：高等教育科研信息化基础设施云数据可持续的数据服务网络附加存储

Delivery of essential pediatric congenital surgical care within Brazil’s universal health coverage system:a national survey of pediatric surgeons

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 136-146页

作者： Paul R Truche Abbie e Naus Fabio Botelho Julia Ferreira Alexis Bowder luke Caddell Kathrin Zimmerman Isabella Maria de Freitas Faria Bell.sa Caldas lopes eduardo Corrêa Costa Fernanda lage lima Dantas Augusto J S A Cavalcante Carlos A l B Carvalho Simone Abib David P Mooney Nivaldo Alonso Program in Global Surgery and Social Change Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Surgery Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Department of Pediatric Surgery McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada Department of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA School of Medicine UFMGBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando FigueiraRecifeBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Federal University of AcreRio BrancoBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital Santa Casa de Belo HorizonteBelo HorizonteBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Federal University of Mato GrossoCuiabaBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery UNIFESPSao PauloBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Boston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Plastic Surgery University of São Paulo Institute of Biomedical SciencesSao PauloBrazil

Objective In this study,we assess the delivery of congenital pediatric surgical care under Brazil’s system of universal health coverage and evaluate differences in delivery between public and private *** A cross-sectional national survey of pediatric surgeons in Brazil was *** were asked which of 23 interventions identified through the Disease Control Priorities 3(Surgical Interventions for Congenital Anomalies)they perform and to report barriers faced while providing surgical *** were weighted by state and stratified by sector(public vs private).Results A sample of 352 responses was obtained and weighted to represent 1378 practicing pediatric surgeons registered in Brazil during the survey time.73%spend the majority of their time working in the public sector(‘SistemaÚnico de saúde’and Foundation hospitals),and most of them also work in the private ***,Brazilian pediatric surgeons have the expertise to provide thoracic,abdominal,and urologic *** working mostly in the public sector were more likely to report a lack of access to essential medications(25%vs 9%,plack of access to hospital beds for surgical patients(52%vs 32%,plusions Brazilian pediatric surgeons routinely perform thoracic,abdominal,and urologic *** working in government-financed hospitals face barriers related to infrastructure,which may impact Brazilians who rely on Brazil’s universal health coverage *** that support pediatric surgeons working in the public sector may promote the workforce available to provide congenital pediatric surgical care.

关键词： pediatric survey Brazil

一枝蒿酮酸苄酯类衍生物的合成、体外抗流感病毒和单纯Ⅰ,Ⅱ型疱疹病毒活性研究

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有机化学 2009年第10期29卷 1640-1644页

作者：雍建平阿吉艾克拜尔.艾萨聂礼飞中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所植物资源化学重点实验室乌鲁木齐830011 中国科学院研究生院北京100039

为了提高一枝蒿酮酸的生物活性,以一枝蒿酮酸和取代苄醇为原料.在偶联剂DCC/DMAP的作用下,合成了10种一枝蒿酮酸苄酯衍生物2a～2j,所合成的化合物均经过IR,1HNMR,eSI-MS等分析方法进行了表征,并对所合成的化合物2a～2j进行了初步的体外... 详细信息

为了提高一枝蒿酮酸的生物活性,以一枝蒿酮酸和取代苄醇为原料.在偶联剂DCC/DMAP的作用下,合成了10种一枝蒿酮酸苄酯衍生物2a～2j,所合成的化合物均经过IR,1HNMR,eSI-MS等分析方法进行了表征,并对所合成的化合物2a～2j进行了初步的体外抗A,B型流感病毒和单纯Ⅰ,Ⅱ型疱疹病毒活性研究,结果表明:大部分化合物对A,B型流感病毒具有较强的抑制活性,其中化合物2e抑制A3,B型流感病毒的IC50值分别为5.5,5.5μmol/l,化合物2i抑制A型流感病毒IC50值为:7.8μmol/l,化合物2e和2i可作为抗流感病毒的先导化合物;大部分化合物在0.1μg/ml浓度下对Ⅰ,Ⅱ型疱疹病毒具有显著的抑制活性.

关键词：合成一枝蒿酮酸苄酯衍生物流感病毒单纯疱疹病毒活性研究

Osteomodulin downregulation is associated with osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 721-736页

作者： Jérémie Zappia Qiao Tong Renée Van der Cruyssen Frederique MFCornelis Cécile lambert Tiago Pinto Coelho Juliane Grisart erika Kague Rik Jlories Marc Muller Dirk elewaut Chrissy lHammond Christelle sanchez Yves Henrotin MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research lab Center for Interdisciplinary Research on MedicinesUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium School of Physiology Pharmacologyand NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Department of RheumatologyGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research CenterDepartment of Development and RegenerationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Cardiovascular Sciences Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique AppliquéeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Division of Nephrology CHU of LiègeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Artialis sa Tour GIGACHU Sart-TilmanLiègeBelgium Division of Rheumatology University Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium laboratoire d’Organogenèse et Régénération Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique AppliquéeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department Princess Paola HospitalVivaliaMarche-en-FamenneBelgium

Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling leading to sclerosis is a main feature of osteoarthritis(OA), and osteomodulin(OMD), a proteoglycan involved in extracellular matrix mineralization, is associated with the sclerotic phenotype. However, the functions of OMD remain poorly understood, specifically in vivo. We used Omd knockout and overexpressing male mice and mutant zebrafish to study its roles in bone and cartilage metabolism and in the development of OA. The expression of Omd is deeply correlated with bone and cartilage microarchitectures affecting the bone volume and the onset of subchondral bone sclerosis and spontaneous cartilage lesions. Mechanistically, OMD binds to RANKl and inhibits osteoclastogenesis, thus controlling the balance of bone remodeling. In conclusion, OMD is a key factor in subchondral bone sclerosis associated with OA. It participates in bone and cartilage homeostasis by acting on the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Targeting OMD may be a promising new and personalized approach for OA.

关键词： metabolism conclusion homeostasis

Prevalence of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in preterm,small for gestational age and low birth weight newborns:characteristics and cytokines profile

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第7期18卷 498-504页

作者： Janaina Fortes lino llian Martins Oliveira Diniz Debora Marques de Miranda Daniela Valadao Freitas Rosa Nathalia Gualberto Souza e Silva eduardo de Souza Nicolau larissa Goncalves Rezende lais Silva Carvalho Marianna Fischer de Paula lopes luisa Petri Correa Gabriela Mafra de Oliveira Flavia Miranda da Silva Alves lorena Batista Pascoal erika lima Dolabella Teixeira da Costal leni Marcia Anchieta Roberta Maia de Castro Romaneli Odete Valadares Maternity Hospital Belo HorizonteBrazil Pediatrics Department.Faculy of Medice of Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte.Brazil Molecular laboratory of the INCT-MM.Faculy of Medicine.Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG.Belo Horizonte Brazil Faculty of Medicine.Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG Belo Horizonte.Brazil Risoleta Tolentino.Neves University Hospital's Maternity Belo HorizonteBrazil Sofia Feldman Maternity Hospital Belo HorizonteBrazil Hospital das Clinicas Maternity-Federal University of Minas Gerais.Belo Horizonte Brazil Pediatrics Department of Federal University of Minas Gerais School Medicine.Minas Gerais.Av Professor Alfredo Balena 190.Belo Horizonte 30130-100Brazil

Cytomegalovirus is the most frequent agent of congenital viral infections,affecting approximately 0.2%-2.4%of live births in different countries[1-7].Universal screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborns is not a standard practice considering cost-benefit issues and viabil-ity of diagnostic ***,most newborns are asympto-matic and there is no effective treatment for this population[2-5].

关键词： weight birth characteristics

OPTICAl PROPeRTIeS OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTAlS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english letters) 1999年第5期12卷 1164-1165页

作者： Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A l P R O P e R T I e S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A l S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2)

he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ～1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order .

关键词： nano m aterial quantu m size effects