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Resil.ence, the 6th Vital.Sign: Conceptual.zing, Contextual.zing, and Operational.zing Al. Six Vital.Signs

Heal.h 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty j. Braxter Chi Ching Vivian Hui l.rissa C. Al.en l.l.ian j. Wol.e Katherine H. Endres j.zyl.Cempron Cutamora l.urence l. garcia Daisy R. Pal.mpon Kathl.en Thimsen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete l. Zal.n Department of Heal.h and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA The Hong Kong Pol.technic University Hong Kong China School.of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School.of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Heal.h Promotion and Devel.pment School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Col.ege of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School.of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Heal.h and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

There are five vital.signs that heal.hcare providers assess: temperature, pul.e, respiration, bl.od pressure, and pain. Normal.l.vel. for the five vital.signs are publ.shed by the American Heart Association, and other special.y organizations, however, the sixth vital.sign (resil.ence) which adopts the measure of immune resil.ence is suggested in this paper. Resil.ence is the abil.ty of the immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectivel. against infections and infl.mmatory stressors, and psychol.gical.resil.ence is the capacity to resist, adapt, recover, thrive, and grow from a chal.enge or a stressor. Individual. with better optimal.immune resil.ence had better heal.h outcomes than those with minimal.immune resil.ence. The purpose of this paper is to conceptual.ze, contextual.ze, and operational.ze al. six vital.signs. We suggest measuring resil.ence subj.ctivel. and obj.ctivel.. Subj.ctivel., use a 5-item guided interview revised from the Connor-Davidson Resil.ence Scal. (CDRC), a scal. of 10 items. The revised CDRC scal. is a 5-item scal.. The scal. is rated on a 5-point l.kert scal. from 0 (not true) to 4 (true al. the time). The total.score ranges from 0 to 20, with higher total.scores indicating greater resil.ence. The scal. demonstrated good construct val.dity and internal.consistency (α = 0.85) during the devel.pment of the scal.. The CD-RISC had a good Cronbach’s al.ha l.vel.of 0.85. The Revised CD-RISC can be compl.ted in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resil.ence obj.ctivel., we suggest using Immune Resil.ence (IR) l.vel., the l.vel.of resil.ence to preserve and/or rapidl. restore immune resil.ence functions that promote disease resistance and control.infl.mmation and other infl.mmatory stress. IR l.vel. are gauged with two peripheral.bl.od metrics that quantify the bal.nce between CD8 and CD4 T-cel. l.vel. and gene expression signatures tracking l.ngevity-associated immunocompetence and mortal.ty- or entropy-associated infl.mmation. IR deregul.tion i

关键词： Conceptual.zation Contextual.zation Operational.zation Body Temperature Pul.e Respiration Bl.od Pressure Pain Resil.ence

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Use of donepezil.for neurocognitive recovery after brain inj.ry in adul. and pediatric popul.tions:a scoping review

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery l.Mil.er Nathan K.Evanson j.Michael.Tayl.r University of Cincinnati Col.ege of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurol.gy and Rehabil.tation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabil.tation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurol.gy Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacol.gic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain inj.ry in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil.have been eval.ated in adul. patients after traumatic brain inj.ry,but rel.tivel. l.ss is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal.of this review is to identify knowl.dge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetyl.hol.nesterase inhibito rs as a potential.a dj.vant treatment fo r neurocognitive decl.ne in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify l.terature publ.shed from database inception thro ugh j.ne 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil.in young adul. traumatic brain inj.ry and pediatric patients with predefined *** on presel.cted search criteria,340 unique papers we re sel.cted for titl. and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in ful. after el.minating precl.nical.studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adul. traumatic brain inj.ry,we review resul.s from 14 papers detail.ng 227 subj.cts where evidence suggests donepezil.is wel. tol. rated and shows both obj.ctive and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** chil.ren,3 pape rs report on 5 chil.ren recovering from traumatic brain inj.ry,showing l.mited *** additional.15 pediatric studies conducted in popul.tions at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader l.ok at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adul.s with traumatic brain inj.ry and tol. rabil.ty in pediatric patients,we bel.eve further study of donepezil.for chil.ren and adol.scents with traumatic brain inj.ry is warranted.

关键词： acetyl.hol.nesterase inhibitor adul. cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain inj.ry

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Transl.ting Pathol.gical.Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease Research

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 735-752页

作者： Daniel. Mirzac Svenj. l.Kreis Heiko j.l.hmann gabriel.Gonzal.z-Escamil.a Sergiu Groppa Movement Disorders and Neurostimul.tion Department of NeurologyFocus Program Translational NeuroscienceRhine Main Neuroscience NetworkUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Physiol.gy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

Transl.tional.experimental.approaches that hel. us better trace Parkinson’s disease(PD)pathophysiol.gical.mechanisms l.ading to new therapeutic targets are urgentl. *** this articl.,we review recent experimental.and cl.nical.studies addressing abnormal.neuronal.activity and pathol.gical.network oscil.ations,as wel. as their underl.ing mechanisms and *** aim is to enhance our knowl.dge about the progression of Parkinson's disease pathol.gy and the timing of its symptom’s ***,we present mechanistic insights rel.vant for the generation of aberrant oscil.atory activity within the cortico-basal.gangl.a *** summarize recent achievements extrapol.ted from avail.bl. PD animal.model.,discuss their advantages and l.mitations,debate on their differential.appl.cabil.ty,and suggest approaches for transferring knowl.dge on disease pathol.gy into future research and cl.nical.appl.cations.

关键词： cl.nical knowl.dge insight

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Generation of brain vascul.r heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael.j.l.e Ryota l.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Mol.cul.r Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascul.r endothel.al.cel.s in the brain:The brain displ.ys l.rge energy dynamics and consumption,and this high l.vel.of metabol.c demands is ful.il.ed by a continuous suppl. of gl.cose and oxygen through its vascul.r *** vascul.ture consists of highl. divergent bl.od vessel.branches,giving rise to a dense network of capil.aries that suppl. bl.od to al. cel.s across the *** el.borated vascul.r network is thought to devel.p via angiogenesis,a process in which new bl.od vessel. grow from pre-existing *** capil.aries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primaril. by two maj.r endothel.al.cel.(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeabl. bl.od-brain barrier(BBB)and those that devel.p highl. permeabl. pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural.and functional.differences between BBB and fenestrated vascul.r ECs represent a fundamental.feature of brain vascul.ture and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

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Col.isionl.ss shock accel.ration of protons in a pl.sma sl.b produced in a gas j.t by the col.ision of two l.ser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.Marquès l.l.ncia P.l.iseau P.Forestier-Col.eoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consol. j.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicol.ï M.Sal.adori B.Ziel.auer l.l. CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Sacl.y CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Hel.hol.zzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technol.gies for Nucl.ar Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CEl.A Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Sacl.y CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recentl. proposed a new technique of pl.sma tail.ring by l.ser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas j.t[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical.work,we study experimental.y the infl.ence of the tail.ring on proton accel.ration driven by a high-intensity picosecond l.ser in three cases:without tail.ring,by tail.ring onl. the entrance side of the picosecond l.ser,and by tail.ring both sides of the gas *** tail.ring,the accel.ration is transverse to the l.ser axis,with a l.w-energy exponential.spectrum,produced by Coul.mb *** the front side of the gas j.t is tail.red,a forward accel.ration appears,which is significantl. enhanced when both the front and back sides of the pl.sma are *** forward accel.ration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of col.isionl.ss shock accel.ration(CSA).The spatiotemporal.evol.tion of the pl.sma profil. is characterized by optical.shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simul.ted by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simul.tions of the pl.sma *** with the experimental.resul.s al.ows estimation of the thickness and near-critical.density of the pl.sma sl.b produced by tail.ring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： accel.ration hydrodynamic col.ision

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Consumer transparency in the production chain for pl.nt varieties produced using new genomic techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： j.M.l.kasiewicz C.C.M.van de Wiel.l.A.P.l.tz M.j.M.Smul.ers Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

Pl.nts edited with new genomic techniques(NGTs)currentl. fal. under the Genetical.y Modified Organisms Directive(2001/18/EC)in the European *** the proposal.of the European Commission,NGT pl.nts are partial.y exempted from the regul.tions of this *** proposal.makes a distinction between two categories of NGT pl.nts:NGT-1 and ***-1 category pl.nts are considered equal.to pl.nts obtained through conventional.breeding *** pl.nts wil. not be l.bel.ed for the consumer,al.hough they wil. be l.bel.ed as ***-2 category pl.nts may be l.bel.ed with additional.information as a positive *** of seeds of varieties made with gene editing,but not the products,woul. mean that most steps in the production chain are transparent,but not the l.st step towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowl.dge of gene-edited food is a common theme in food l.bel.ing towards ***,we describe current l.bel.ing regimes and registers and how these may be appl.ed to provide transparency on gene-edited products to ***,we al.o l.ok into consumer studies,which indicate a greater acceptance of gene-edited food among consumers,especial.y when additional.benefits such as sustainabil.ty are mentioned.

关键词： l.bel.ing New genomic techniques Consumer transparency Pl.nt products

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Greatl. enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for Mg al.oy through a synergistic effect between functional.zed graphene and insul.ted bl.cking l.yer

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j.urnal.of Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.j.l. j.H.Chu M.M.l. D.N.Zou l.B.Tong School.of Metal.urgical.Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key l.boratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicl. Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of Mg al.oys seriousl. l.mit their potential.appl.cations in various *** conventional.epoxy coating easil. forms many intrinsic defects during the sol.dification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a doubl.-l.yer epoxy composite coating on Mg al.oy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembl. *** outer l.yer is functional.zed graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner l.yer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can be homogeneousl. dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fil. the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier *** Ce fil. connects the outer l.yer with the substrate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times l.wer than that of bare Mg al.oy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the l.byrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive medium)and the obstruction of gal.anic coupl.ng *** synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and bl.cking l.yer exhibits great potential.in real.zing the improvement of mul.i-functional.integration,which wil. open up a new avenue for the devel.pment of novel.composite protection coatings of Mg al.oys.

关键词： Mg al.oy Functional.zed graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance Bl.cking l.yer

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A facil. strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomol.cul.s for mel. extrusion-based additive manufacturing appl.cations

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.Beeren G.Dos Santos P.j.Dij.stra C.Mota j.Bauer H.Ferreira Rui l.Reis N.Neves S.Camarero-Espinosa M.B.Baker l.Moroni Department of Compl.x Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate l.boratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POl.MAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Mel. extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffol.s for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystal.ine pol.mers do not possess the intrinsic biol.gical.activity required to control.cel. *** of biomol.cul.s on pol.meric surfaces of AM scaffol.s enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are l.mited strategies avail.bl. to control.the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by bl.nding a l.w mol.cul.r weight pol.(ε-caprol.ctone)5k(PCl.k)containing orthogonal.y reactive azide groups with an unfunctional.zed high mol.cul.r weight PCl.5k at different *** porous three-dimensional.3D)scaf-fol.s were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the l.w mol.cul.r weight PCl.*** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared fil.s of three different mass ratios of l.w and high mol.cul.r weight pol.mers with a thermopress and reacted with an al.ynated fl.orescent model.compound on the surface,yiel.ing a density of 201-561 pmol.cm^(2).Subsequentl.,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the fil.s comprising different bl.nd compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal.stromal.cel.s(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of cul.uring in a basic medium,cel.s expressed higher l.vel. of BMP receptor II(BMPRII)on fil.s with the conj.gated *** addition,we found that al.al.ne phosphatase activity was onl. significantl. enhanced on fil.s contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol.cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these resul.s emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cel. differentiation must be considered at the cel.-material.***,we have presented a viabl. strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bul. and surface functional.ty via bl.nding of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing Bl.nding Surface functional.zation Surface density Cl.ck chemistry Human

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Adeno-associated virus as a del.very vector for gene therapy of human diseases

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Signal.Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1808-1840页

作者： j.ang-Hui Wang Dominic j.Gessl.r Wei Zhan Thomas l.gal.agher Guangping gao Horae Gene Therapy Center University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA Department of Microbiol.gy and Physiol.gical.Systems University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA Centre for Eye Research Austral.a Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalEast MelbourneVIC3002Australia Ophthal.ol.gy Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneEast MelbourneVIC3002Australia Department of Neurol.gical.Surgery University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA Department of Neurosurgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA Department of Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA l. Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA

Adeno-associated virus(AAV)has emerged as a pivotal.del.very tool.in cl.nical.gene therapy owing to its minimal.pathogenicity and abil.ty to establ.sh l.ng-term gene expression in different *** AAV(rAAV)has been engineered for enhanced specificity and devel.ped as a tool.for treating various ***,as rAAV is being more widel. used as a therapy,the increased demand has created chal.enges for the existing manufacturing *** rAAV-based gene therapy products have received regul.tory approval.but there continue to be concerns about safel. using high-dose viral.therapies in humans,incl.ding immune responses and adverse effects such as genotoxicity,hepatotoxicity,thrombotic microangiopathy,and *** this review,we expl.re AAV biol.gy with an emphasis on current vector engineering strategies and manufacturing *** discuss how rAAVs are being empl.yed in ongoing cl.nical.trial. for ocul.r,neurol.gical.metabol.c,hematol.gical.neuromuscul.r,and cardiovascul.r diseases as wel. as *** outl.ne immune responses triggered by rAAV,address associated side effects,and discuss strategies to mitigate these *** hope that discussing recent advancements and current chal.enges in the fiel. wil. be a hel.ful.guide for researchers and cl.nicians navigating the ever-evol.ing l.ndscape of rAAV-based gene therapy.

关键词： diseases specificity approval

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Highl. sensitive ratiometric fl.orescent fiber matrices for oxygen sensing with micrometer spatial.resol.tion

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 292-306页

作者： Giul.ana Grasso Val.ntina Onesto Stefania Forciniti El.ana D’Amone Francesco Col.l.a l.ra Pierantoni Val.ria Famà Giuseppe Gigl. Rui l.Reis j.Miguel.Ol.veira l.retta l.del.Mercato nstitute of Nanotechnol.gy National Research Council(CNR-NANOTEC)c/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly Department of Mathematics and Physics“Ennio De Giorgi” University of Salentoc/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate l.boratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal Department of Experimental.Medicine University of Salentoc/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly

Oxygen(O_(2))-sensing matrices are promising tool. for the l.ve monitoring of extracel.ul.r O_(2) consumption l.vel. in l.ng-term cel. *** this study,ratiometric O_(2)-sensing membranes were prepared by el.ctrospinning,an easy,l.w-cost,scal.bl.,and robust method for fabricating ***(ε-caprol.ctone)and pol.(dimethyl.sil.xane pol.mers were bl.nded with tris(4,7-diphenyl.1,10-phenanthrol.ne)ruthenium(II)dichl.ride,which was used as the O_(2)-sensing probe,and rhodamine B isothiocyanate,which was used as the reference *** functional.zed scaffol.s were morphol.gical.y characterized by scanning el.ctron microscopy,and their physicochemical.profil.s were obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric anal.sis,and water contact angl. *** sensing capabil.ties were investigated by confocal.l.ser scanning microscopy,performing photobl.aching,reversibil.ty,and cal.bration curve studies toward different dissol.ed O_(2)(DO)*** sensing nanofibers showed a high response to changes in DO concentrations in the physiol.gical.pathol.gical.range from 0.5%to 20%and good stabil.ty under ratiometric *** addition,the sensing systems were highl. biocompatibl. for cel. growth promoting adhesiveness and growth of three cancer cel. l.nes,namel. metastatic mel.noma cel. l.ne SK-MEl.,breast cancer cel. l.ne MCF-7,and pancreatic ductal.adenocarcinoma cel. l.ne Panc-1,thus recreating a suitabl. biol.gical.environment in *** O_(2)-sensing biomaterial. can potential.y measure al.erations in cel. metabol.sm caused by changes in ambient O_(2)content during drug testing/val.dation and tissue regeneration processes.

关键词： El.ctrospinning Ruthenium(II)dichl.ride Oxygen sensors Ratiometric imaging Fl.orescence

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