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Mobile power generation system based on biomass gasifcation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第3期9卷 171-184页

作者： Lu Ding Mingming Yang Kai Dong Dai‑Viet N.Vo Douglas Hungwe Jiahan Ye Alexander Ryzhkov kunio yoshikawa Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8503Japan College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City 755414Vietnam ZHE JIANG ECO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.1188The Headquarters of the Free Port H Building 20FWuxing DistrictHuzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Ural Federal University EkaterinburgRussia

Disaster-hit and/or un-electrifed remote areas usually have electricity accessibility issues and an abundance of plant-derived debris and wood from destroyed wooden structures;this can be potentially addressed by employing a decentralized ultrasmall biomass-fed gasifcation power generating *** paper presents an assessment of the technical viability of an ultra-small gasifcation system that utilizes densifed carbonized wood pellets/*** setup was run continuously for 100 h.A variety of biomass was densifed and carbonized by harnessing fugitive heat sources before charging into the *** briquettes and furnished blends exhibited inferior gasifcation performance compared to the carbonized *** the absence of tar blockage problems,steady-state conditions were achieved when pre-treated feedstock was *** steady-state conditions for carbonized pellets gasifcation operated at an equivalence ratio of 0.32,cold gas efciency and carbon conversion achieved 49.2%and 70.5%,*** efciency and maximum power output of 20.3%and 21 kW were realised,*** was found that the system could keep stable while the low heating valve of syngas was over 4 MJ/m^(3)on condition that avoiding tar blocking *** results indicate that the proposed compact ultra-small power generation system is a technically feasible approach to remedy power shortage *** addition,process simulation considering carbonized wood gasifcation combined power generation was formulated to produce syngas and *** pellets with the fow rate of 20 kg/h could generate a 15.18 kW power at the air fow rate of 40 Nm^(3)/h,which is in a good agreement with 15 kW in the 100 h *** is indicated that the gasifcation combined power generation cycle simulated by Aspen simulator could achieve reliable data to assist the complicated experiment operation.

关键词： Small-scale power generation Densifcation Carbonized pellet Carbonized briquette Gasifcation

Pilot scale autothermal gasification of coconut shell with CO2-O2 mixture

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第3期9卷 362-370页

作者： Bayu PRABOWO Herri SUSANTO Kentaro UMEKI Mi YAN kunio yoshikawa Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Institute of Energy and Power Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China Department of Chemical Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Division of Energy Science Lulea University of Technology Lulea 971 87 Sweden Institute of Energy and Power Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8503 Japan

This paper explored the feasibility and benefit of CO2 utilization as gasifying agent in the autothermal gasification process. The effects of CO2 injection on reaction temperature and producer gas composition were examined in a pilot scale downdraft gasifier by varying the CO2/C ratio from 0.6 to 1.6. O2 was injected at an equivalence ratio of approximately 0.33-0.38 for supply- ing heat through partial combustion. The results were also compared with those of air gasification. In general, the increase in CO2 injection resulted in the shift of combustion zone to the downstream of the gasifier. However, compared with that of air gasification, the long and distributed high temperature zones were obtained in CO2-O2 gasification with a CO2/C ratio of 0.6-1.2. The progress of the expected CO2 to CO conversion can be implied from the relatively insignificant decrease in CO fraction as the CO2/C ratio increased. The producer gas heating value of CO2-O2 gasification was consistently higher than that of air gasification. These results show the potential of CO2-O2 gasification for producing high qualityproducer gas in an efficient manner, and the necessity for more work to deeply imply the observation.

关键词： Keywords biomass gasification CO2 downdrafl gasifier,autothermal

Fuel Oil Production from Two-Stage Pyrolysis-Catalytic Reforming of Brominated High Impact Polystyrene Using Zeolite and Iron Oxide Loaded Zeolite Catalysts

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第4期5卷 136-146页

作者： Hu Wu Yafei Shen Dachao Ma Qi An Noboru Harada kunio yoshikawa Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

The experiments of two-stage pyrolysis and catalytic reforming of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing brominated flame retardants and antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) were conducted in the presence of four zeolite catalysts in order to remove the bromine content from the derived oil products. The four catalysts used were natural zeolite (NZ), iron oxide loaded natural zeolite (Fe-NZ), HY zeolite (YZ) and iron oxide loaded HY zeolite (Fe-NZ). The effect of catalyst types on the product yield, the gas and oil product composition and the debromination efficiency of the oil products was evaluated in details. The results showed that the loading of iron oxides reduced the pore size and surface areas of natural zeolite and HY zeolite. Regardless of the presence of catalysts, the single-ring aromatic compounds were the main components of the oil products, such as ethylbenzene, toluene, styrene and cumene. Meanwhile, when YZ and Fe-YZ were used, the two-ring and multi-ring aromatic compounds in the oils, as well as the yield of gas products, significantly increased at the expense of valuable single-ring aromatic compounds. Furthermore, in terms of the debromination performance of the oil products, Fe-NZ and Fe-YZ were better than NZ and YZ, duo to the loading of iron oxide, which could react with derived HBr and then remove more bromine from the oil products.

关键词： Frame Retarded HIPS Pyrolysis Catalytic Reforming Debromination Zeolites

日本在废物燃料化利用方面的创新:降低燃料成本

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宁波节能 2012年第5期 22-23页

作者： kunio yoshikawa 日本东京工业大学环境科学技术系

城市生活垃圾、医疗废物、废旧塑料和污泥等固体废物大量产生,对环境构成了严重威胁,是各国政府面临的一个难题。我介绍下固体废物能源化利用技术,利用固废制成燃料,不仅解决废物处置,也降低了燃料成本。随着燃料化成本的降低和国际燃... 详细信息

城市生活垃圾、医疗废物、废旧塑料和污泥等固体废物大量产生,对环境构成了严重威胁,是各国政府面临的一个难题。我介绍下固体废物能源化利用技术,利用固废制成燃料,不仅解决废物处置,也降低了燃料成本。随着燃料化成本的降低和国际燃料价格的增加,

关键词：固体废物燃料成本固废废旧塑料能源化利用废塑料废物处置废蒸汽废旧报纸运行条件

Optimization of Hydrothermal Treatment Parameters to Produce Chlorine-Free Alternative Solid Fuel from Plastic-Contained Municipal Solid Waste

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 613-622页

作者： Pandji Prawisudha kunio yoshikawa Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-85022 Japan

An experimental study of the treatment of plastic-contained Japanese MSW (municipal solid waste) employing 1 ton capacity hydrothermal reactor to produce chlorine-free solid fuel has been performed. The system applies medium-pressure saturated steam at about 2 MPa in a stirred reactor for certain holding period. It was shown that the products exhibited organic chlorine conversion into inorganic chlorine, which can then be water washed. To obtain an optimal operating condition, the temperature and holding period was integrated into one parameter called RS (reaction severity). It was found that to convert 75% organic chlorine in the MSW, the optimum RS number correlates to an operating temperature of about 225 °C and holding period of 90 min, or 235 °C for 60 min. Since hydrothermal treatment is a batch process, a shorter holding period is preferable to increase the number of batches and indirectly increase its processing capacity.

关键词：固体燃料固体废物热处理参数无氯都市塑料水洗城市生活垃圾

Application of Waste Biomass Pyrolysis Oil in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine： For a Small Scale Non-Grid Electrification

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第11期9卷 929-943页

作者： Sunbong Lee Lihao Chen Koji Yoshida kunio yoshikawa System Engineering & Applications Dept. Engineering Diesel Systems Japan Bosch Corporation Saitama 355-8603 Japan Department of Environmental Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering TokyoInstitute of Technology Kanagawa 226-8502 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Science and Technology Nihon University Tokyo 101-8308 Japan

The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, waste generation is growing rapid especially for the organic and the plastic, and the uncontrolled waste disposal is becoming more serious issues to manage it. The interest on waste to energy is growing by the above drivers. This research was carried out for aiming to the real world adaption at the minimum cost of the pyrolysis oil from waste biomass in a diesel engine, mainly for electricity generation. The proposal of the appropriate adaptable blend ratio was the major scope rather than the optimization of the engine parameters. For the sake of it, the pyrolysis oil of the waste biomass was produced from a gasification pilot plant in Japan and blended with biodiesel at minimum effort. A small single cylinder diesel engine (direct injection) was used for the experiment with regard to full load power-output, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption.

关键词：直喷式柴油机生物质热解油电气化网格化应用垃圾处理发展中国家

High Yield Synthesis and Characterization of the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Crystalline ErCl_(3) Nanowires in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Templates

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 152-157页

作者： Ryo Kitaura Daisuke Ogawa keita Kobayashi Takeshi Saito Satoshi Ohshima Tetsuya Nakamura Hirofumi yoshikawa kunio Awaga Hisanori Shinohara Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan Nanotube Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba 305-8565Japan PRESTO JapanScience and Technology Agency4-1-8 Honcho kawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Hyogo 679-5198Japan

Crystalline ErCl_(3) nanowires have been fabricated in single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)with high yield(~90%),and the structural and magnetic properties of the resulting ErCl_(3) nanowires encapsulated in SWCNTs(ErCl_(3)@SWCNTs)*** under high temperature and vacuum using high quality SWCNTs results in a high fi lling-ratio of ErCl_(3) nanowires in the *** high fi lling-ratio of ErCl_(3) nanowires and the use of highly pure SWCNTs with only a small amount of residual Fe catalyst nanoparticles enabled us to observe the magnetic properties of ErCl_(3)@*** determination based on simulated annealing calculations and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)image simulations revealed that the structure of the ErCl_(3) nanowires is unusual with respect to the coordination environment of the Eu3+*** work opens up new possibilities to fabricate various metal complex nanowires with high yield and may also be of more general importance in understanding and exploring magnetic properties in low-dimensional magnetic systems.

关键词： Low-dimensional nanomaterials carbon nanotubes magnetic properties crystal structure transmission electron microscope