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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 1005-1018页

作者： kumar utkarsh Abhishek kumar Aditi Azhar Khan Ashima Nayyar Shabirul Haque Shams Iqbal Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Shoolini UniversitySolanHimachal Pradesh 173229India Faculty of Applied Science and Biotechnology Shoolini UniversitySolanHimachal Pradesh 173229India Tisch Cancer Institute Icahn School of MedicineMt.SinaiNY 10029USA Department of Autoimmune Diseases Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchNorthwell HealthManhassetNY 11030USA Vascular Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Ovarian cancer is the second most fatal gynecological cancer. For the last decade or so significant use of non-circulating and circulating biomarkers has been highlighted. However, the study of such biomarkers at nanovesicle technology such as exosomes, proteomic and genomics studies could further contribute to better identification of anomalous protein and networks which could act as potential targets for biomarker and immunotherapy development. This review provides an overview of the circulating and non-circulating biomarkers with the aim of addressing the current challenges and potential biomarkers that could lead to early ovarian cancer diagnosis and better management. By means of this review we also lay a hypothesis that characterization of exosomal protein, nucleic acid content from body fluids (serum, plasma, urine, etc.) can decode the secret of disease and potentially improve diagnostic sensitivity which could further lead to more effective screening and early detection of the disease.

关键词： Biomarker Circulating protein Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Ovarian cancer Proteonnics

Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

Applications of artificial intelligence in power system operation, control and planning: a review

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1199-1218页

作者： utkarsh Pandey Anshumaan Pathak Adesh kumar Surajit Mondal Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering School of Advanced EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun248007India

As different artificial intelligence(AI)techniques continue to evolve,power systems are undergoing significant technological changes with the primary goal of reducing computational time,decreasing utility and consumer costs and ensuring the reliable operation of an electrical power *** techniques compute large amounts of data at a faster speed than numerical optimization methods with higher processing *** these features,AI techniques can further automate and increase the performance of power *** paper presents a comprehensive overview of diverse AI techniques that can be applied in power system operation,control and planning,aiming to facilitate their various *** explained how AI can be used to resolve system frequency changes,maintain the voltage profile to minimize transmission losses,reduce the fault rate and minimize reactive current in distributed sys-tems to increase the power factor and improve the voltage profile.

关键词： artificial neural network genetic algorithm fuzzy logic adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system artificial bee colony optimization ant colony optimization particle swarm optimization

Market Drivers in India’s Smart Grid:Responsibilities and Roles of Stakeholders

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 101-128页

作者： Abhay Sanatan Satapathy Suresh kumar Sahoo Asit Mohanty Yasser Fouad Manzoore ElahiMohammad Soudagar Erdem Cuce Faculty of Management Studies Sri Sri UniversityCuttack754006India Institute of Power Engineering National Energy UniversityJalan Ikram-UnitenKajangSelangor43000Malaysia Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140417PunjabIndia Department of Applied Mechanical Engineering College of Applied EngineeringMuzahimiyah BranchKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia College of Engineering Lishui UniversityLishui323000China Department of Mechanical Engineering Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun248002UttarakhandIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureRecep Tayyip Erdogan UniversityZihni Derin CampusRize53100Turkey Center for Research Impact&Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia

The emergence of smart grids in India is propelled by an intricate interaction of market dynamics,regulatory structures,and stakeholder *** study analyzes the primary factors that are driving the widespread use of smart grid technologies and outlines the specific roles and obligations of different stakeholders,such as government entities,utility companies,technology suppliers,and *** activities and regulations are crucial in facilitating the implementation of smart grid technology by offering financial incentives,regulatory assistance,and strategic *** firms have the responsibility of implementing and integrating smart grid infrastructure,with an emphasis on improving the dependability of the grid,minimizing losses in transmission and distribution,and integrating renewable energy *** companies offer the essential hardware and software solutions,which stimulate creativity and enhance *** actively engage in the energy ecosystem by participating in demand response,implementing energy saving measures,and adopting distributed energy resources like solar panels and electric *** study examines the difficulties and possibilities in India’s smart grid industry,highlighting the importance of cooperation among stakeholders to build a strong,effective,and environmentally friendly energy future.

关键词： Smart grid stakeholders smart grid technology market drivers

Irreversible electroporation for metastatic pancreatic carcinoma with liver metastasis:What does the evidence say

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 30-34页

作者： Ranit Seal Akash Bararia Bitan kumar Chattopadhyay Nilabja Sikdar Department of General Surgery IPGME&R and SSKM HospitalKolkata 700020West BengalIndia Human Genetics Unit Indian Statistical InstituteKolkata 700108West BengalIndia Estaurine and Coastal Studies Foundation Howrah 711101India

Irreversible electroporation is a promising non-thermal ablation method that has been shown to increase overall survival in locally advanced pancreatic cancer in some ***,higher quality studies with proper controls and randomization are required to establish its superiority when added with neoadjuvant chemotherapy over the current management of choice,which is chemotherapy *** studies are required before establishment of any survival benefit in metastatic pancreatic carcinoma,and such evidence is lacking at present.

关键词： Irreversible electroporation Locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma Metastatic pancreatic carcinoma Advanced pancreatic carcinoma Chemotherapy

Outcome of repair of chronic tear of the pectoralis major using corkscrew suture anchors by box suture sliding technique

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第10期7卷 670-677页

作者： Deepak Joshi Jitesh kumar Jain Deepak Chaudhary utkarsh Singh Vineet Jain Ajay Lal Sports Injury Centre Safdarjung Hospital Sports Injury Centre Safdarjung Hospital and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College

AIM To assess the functional and clinical results of repair of chronic tears of pectoralis major using corkscrew and sliding suture technique. METHODS In this retrospective study, we reviewed the results of pectoralis major repair in 11 chronic cases(> 6 wk) done between September 2011 and December 2014 at our institute. In all cases repair was done by same surgeon using corkscrew suture anchors and box suture sliding technique. At 6 mo, after surgery magnetic resonance imaging was done to see the integrity of the repair. Functional evaluation was done using Penn and ASES scores. Pre and postoperative Isokinetic strength was *** Average follow-up was 48.27 ± 21.0 mo. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate the outcome scores. The average ASES score increased from an average of 54.63 ± 13.0 preoperatively to 95.09 ± 2.60 after surgery at their last follow-up. The average Penn score also increased from 5.72 ± 0.78, 2.81 ± 1.32 and 45.81 ± 1.72 to 9.36 ± 0.80, 8.27 ± 0.90 and 59 ± 1.34 for pain, satisfaction and function respectively. Follow up magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)(at 6 mo) showed continuity and the bulk of pectoralis major muscle in all cases. Average isokinetic strength deficiency in horizontal adduction at 60° was 13.63% ± 6.93% and at 120° was 10.18% ± 4.93% and in flexion at 60° was 10.72% ± 5.08% and at 120° was 6.63% + 3.74%. Results showed that both ASES and Penn score improved significantly(2 tailed P value = 0.0036).CONCLUSION We could conclude from this series that pectoralis major repair even in chronic cases using 5.5 mm corkscrew anchors give excellent functional and cosmetic results. In chronic cases the repairable length of the tendon is not available and sliding suture technique allows for fixation of worn out tendomuscular junction to bone without letting cutting through the muscle.

关键词： Pectoralis major tear Corkscrew suture anchors Chronic tears Bench press Tendon repair

Macular microvascular and structural changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in atypical optic neuritis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 88-94页

作者： Chinmay Mahatme Madhurima Kaushik Veerappan Rathinasabapathy Saravanan Karthik kumar Virna M Shah Department of General Ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Neuro-ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Vitreoretina Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia

BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management *** and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated *** the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural *** To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic *** This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy *** vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using *** There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy *** and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy *** unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected *** comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected *** Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Atypical optic neuritis Macular microvascular changes Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 62-64页

作者： Richa Rattan Rimesh Pal Parul Chawla Gupta Arvind kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Ophthalmology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012PunjabIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The study by Cao et al aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)development using advanced proteomic techniques,such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass *** analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group,with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to *** these findings are promising,the study is limited by its small sample size(n=4 per group)and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods ***,the absence of experimental validation weakens the interpretation of the protein-protein interaction network identified through bioinformatics *** study's focus on second-trimester biomarkers raises concerns about whether this is a sufficiently early period to implement preventive interventions for *** GDM risk during the first trimester or pre-conceptional period may offer more clinical *** its limitations,the study presents valuable insights into potential GDM biomarkers,but larger,well-validated studies are needed to establish their predictive utility and generalizability.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Biomarkers Differentially expressed proteins Retinol-binding protein 4 Angiopoietin-like 8 Proteomics Lifestyle interventions Early prediction

Practice patterns among ophthalmic surgeons in treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions in preoperative period:A questionnaire-based study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 29-37页

作者： Bijnya Birajita Panda Chitaranjan Mishra Bhagabat Nayak Avik kumar Roy Logesh Balakrishnan Priyadarshini Mishra Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Department of Vitreo-Retina Trilochan NetralayaSambalpur 768004India Department of Glaucoma Services LV Prasad Eye InstituteBhubaneswar 751013India Department of Statistics Apollo HospitalsChennai 823104India

BACKGROUND Addressing oculoplastic conditions in the preoperative period ensures both the safety and functional success of any ophthalmic *** oculoplastic conditions,like nasolacrimal duct obstruction,have been extensively studied,whereas others,like eyelid malposition and thyroid eye disease,have received minimal or no *** To investigate the current practice patterns among ophthalmologists while treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions before any subspecialty ophthalmic *** A cross-sectional survey was disseminated among ophthalmologists all over *** survey included questions related to pre-operative evaluation,anaesthetic and surgical techniques preferred,post-operative care,the use of adjunctive therapies,and patient follow-up *** A total of 180 ophthalmologists responded to the *** practitioners(89%)felt that the ROPLAS test was sufficient during pre-operative evaluation before any subspecialty surgery was *** most common surgical techniques employed were lacrimal drainage procedures(Dacryocystorhinostomy)(63.3%),eyelid malposition repair(36.9%),and ptosis repair(58.7%).Post-operatively,47.7%of respondents emphasized that at least a 4-week gap should be maintained after lacrimal drainage procedures and eyelid ***-seven percent of ophthalmologists felt that topical anaesthetic procedures should be preferred while performing ocular surgeries in thyroid eye disease *** Approximately 50%of ophthalmologists handle prevalent oculoplastic issues themselves,seeking the expertise of an oculoplastic surgeon under particular *** ophthalmologists still favor using ROPLAS as a preliminary screening method before proceeding with cataract *** conditions and thyroid eye disease are not as commonly addressed before subspecialty procedures compared to issues like nasolacrimal duct obstruction and periocular infections.

关键词： Oculoplasty Ophthalmic plastic surgery Nasolacrimal duct obstruction Practice patterns Survey

Electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection based on multiwalled carbon nanotube/molybdenum disulfide quantum dots with machine learning integration and anti-interference capability

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Tungsten 2025年第1期 137-151页

作者： Geethukrishnan Onkar Apte Kiran kumar Tadi Energy Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEE) Lab Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology

The precise detection and measurement of dopamine（DA）,a crucial neurotransmitter in the human body,plays a significant role in diagnosing,preventing,and treating neurological diseases associated with its levels.A highly sensitive DA electrochemical sensor was constructed by combining molybdenum disulfide quantum dots（MSQDs） with multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs）.The MSQDs were synthesized using the shear exfoliation *** sensors consist of MSQDs with Mo-S edge catalytic centers for the DA redox reaction,and MWCNTs amplify the sensor *** linearity of the sensor for the detection of DA was tested in the presence of ascorbic acid(AA,50 μmol·L-1) and uric acid(UA,200 μmol·L-1),and exhibited linearity from 2 to 966 μmol·L-1of DA with 0.097 μA(mol·L-1)-1sensitivity and a low limit of detection of0.6 μmol·L-1（the ratio between signal and noise,S/N=3）.Moreover,the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were also studied using *** is no increase in amperometric current after adding the most potentially interfering *** sensor was successfully applied to recover DA in human blood sera ***,machine learning algorithms were operated to aid in the near-precise detection of DA in the heterogeneous mixture containing AA and *** algorithms facilitate the identification and quantification of DA amidst coexisting interferents,including AA,that are commonly present in biological matrices.

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