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Comparative analysis of experimental testing procedures for the elicitation of rescue actions in ants

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 159-168页

作者： Filip TURZA krzysztof miler Institute of Environmental Sciences Faculty of BiologyJagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7Krakow 30-387Poland Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of SciencesStawkowska 17Krakow 31-016Poland

Rescue behavior is observed when 1 individual provides help to another individual in *** reports of rescue behavior concern ants(Formicidae),in which workers rescue each other from various types of *** of these entrapment situations can be simulated in the laboratory using an entrapment bioassay,in which ants confront a single endangered nest mate entrapped on a sandy arena by means of an artificial ***,we compared numerous characteristics of rescue actions(contact between individuals,digging around the entrapped individual,pulling at its body parts,transport of the sand covering it,and biting the snare entrapping it)in Formica cinerea *** performed entrapment tests in the field and in the laboratory,with the latter under varying conditions in terms of the number of ants potentially engaged in rescue actions and the arena substrate(marked or unmarked by ants'pheromones).Rescue actions were more probable and pronounced in the field than in the laboratory,regardless of the type of ***,different test types in the laboratory yielded inconsistent results and showed noteworthy variability depending on the tested characteristic of *** results illustrate the specifics of ant rescue actions elicited in the natural setting,which is especially important considering the scarcity of field ***,our results underline the challenges related to the comparison of results from different types of entrapment tests reported in the available ***,our study shows how animal behavior differs in differing experimental setups used to answer the same questions.

关键词： ants animal behavior entrapment bioassay Formica cinerea rescue behavior

Heat stress during development makes antlion larvae more responsive to vibrational cues

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 345-350页

作者： krzysztof miler Marcin CZARNOLESKI Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of SciencesSławkowska 17Kraków 31-016Poland Institute of Environmental Sciences Faculty of BiologyJagiellonian University30-387 KrakówPoland

We investigated the effects of heat stress on the responsiveness to vibrational cues,our measure of perceptual ability,in Myrmeleon bore antlion larvae(Neuroptera:Myrmeleontidae).We reared these trap-building predatory larvae under 2 heat stress regimes(mild,30°C,and harsh,36°C),and after they progressed from one instar stage to another,we tested their perceptual ability in common unchallenging *** hypothesized that exposure to the harsh heat stress regime would impose costs resulting in handicapped vibration *** found that the harsh heat stress regime generated more stressful conditions for the larvae,as evidenced by increased mortality and postponed molting,and the loss of body mass among larger ***,among the individuals who remained alive,those originating from the harsh heat stress regime were characterized by higher vibration *** results suggest 2 not mutually exclusive *** heat stress conditions can sieve out individuals characterized by poor perceptual ability or surviving individuals can attempt to hunt more efficiently to compensate for the physiological imbalance caused by heat *** of these mechanisms fit into the ongoing debate over how adaptation and plasticity contribute to shaping insect communities exposed to heat stress.

关键词： antlion Myrmeleon bore heat stress perception trap-building vibration

Factors determining changes in the network of marked hiking trails in the Sudetes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1075-1099页

作者： krzysztof KOŁODZIEJCZYK Department of Regional Geography and Tourism Institute of Geography and Regional DevelopmentFaculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WroclawNo.1Uniwersytecki Square50-137 WroclawPoland

Hiking trails are a basic type of tourist infrastructure,which,on the one hand,make areas available for tourist traffic,and on the other hand,can contribute to the protection of the natural environment(if they are well designed and maintained).Owing to the variety of performed functions,their designation is determined by several factors:natural,technical,economic,*** of trails change *** aim of this article is to determine exactly what factors influence transformations within the hiking trail networks and what is their *** this end,three study areas in the Sudetes were analysed:one on the Polish side of the Sudetes-the Table(Stołowe)Mountains,and two on the Czech side-the rock town near the village of Sloup vČechách and the central part of Zlatohorská*** analysis of changes in the shape of the networks over time was carried out,as well as surveys of institutions that were responsible for or influenced these *** areas are characterised by a significant level of changes in the trail *** the factors influencing these changes,the tourist attractiveness of the area,the resilience of the environment,the intensity of tourism traffic,the environmental transformations associated with it,the history of tourism development and land ownership changes should be considered the most *** each stage of forming networks,the key factor should be tourists’needs,including the desire to escape the urbanised *** this reason,trails should avoid roads with artificial(hard)surfaces and heavy automobile traffic.

关键词： Hiking trails Trail networks Graphs Tourist traffic Sudetes

The Generalized Stackelberg Equilibrium of the Two-Person Stopping Game

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 155-168页

作者： Marek Skarupski krzysztof J.Szajowski Faculty of Pure and Applied Mathematics Wroclaw University of Science and Technology50-370WrocƚawDolonoslaskiePoland

In modeling the bilateral selection of states of the process,Dynkin(Dokl Akad Nauk USSR 185:241–288,1969)proposed a two-person game in which players use stopping moments as *** purpose of this work is to present a model of the game in which the players have different information about the process itself,as well as various laws to stop the process and accept its *** game model uses the stochastic process apparatus,in particular,the ability to create different filters for the same *** sets of stopping moments based on different filters are not identical,which allows us to model different sets of strategies for *** show that the follower,by observing the behavior of a rational leader,can recover information that is lost due to the lack of complete observation of the state of the *** the competition of two opponents for the maximum of the ***,one of whom has access to full information and the other only knows their relative ranks,we found the generalized Stackelberg *** the priority of a player observing the relative ranks is less than 50%,then that player modifies his strategy based on the behavior of the second *** a player with full information,information about the behavior of the player observing the relative ranks is useless.

关键词： No-zero-sum game Optional stopping Equilibrium Filtration

Advancing emergency preparedness in a postpandemic world:global collaboration and innovative approaches for hospitals

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 103-104页

作者： krzysztof Goniewicz Dennis G.Barten Department of Security Studies Polish Air Force UniversityDęblinPoland Department of Emergency Medicine VieCuri Medical CenterVenlothe Netherlands

As the world transitions into a postpandemic era,hospitals and healthcare systems must adapt their emergency management plans to address the unique challenges that *** upon the previous Hospital Emergency Management Plan^([1])during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,this commentary offers updated and novel suggestions for emergency preparedness,emphasizing the need for international coordination and the implementation of innovative strategies.

关键词： innovative prepare global

Prediction of the Photofading of Selected Derivatives of 5-(4-X-Phenylazo)-3-Cyano-1-(H or Ethyl)-6-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2-Pyridone: Theoretical Studies, Comparison of AM1 and PM3 Methods

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Computational Chemistry 2024年第2期12卷 25-56页

作者： krzysztof Wojciechowski Lucjan Szuster Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations Lodz University of Technology d Poland Institute of Leather Industry d Poland

We analysed the photooxidation reaction in the electro-(1O2) and nucleophilic (O2•−) reaction of 2-pyridone azo derivatives. First, we calculated the energy (enthalpies) of tautomers formation, which is a measure of durability and the probability of their formation. We performed the light fastness calculations of the monoazopyridone dyes. Using the semi-empirical methods of quantum chemistry AM1 and PM3, the reactivity indicators of superdelocalisability (SrE(N)) and the electron density distribution in ground state on the highest occupied HOMO orbital and the lowest unoccupied excited state LUMO in 2-pyridone phenylazo derivatives were calculated. Superdelocalisability coefficients enable the stability to oxidising agents of various chemical molecules depending on the tautomeric forms in which they may occur. The results of the electron density calculations at the HOMO and LUMO boundary orbitals allow to determine the tendency to electrophilic attack with singlet oxygen 1O2 or nucleophilic attack of the superoxide anion O2•−on a specific atom in the molecule. The structure of the dyes was optimised with MM+, MD and AM1 or PM3 until a constant energy value was achieved with a convergence criterion of 0.01 kcal/mol.

关键词： Photochemical Degradation AM1 and PM3 Methods Boundary Orbitals Electron Densities Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Reaction HOMO and LUMO Orbitals

The g-factor measurement as an ultimate test for nuclear chirality

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 1-10页

作者： Ernest Grodner Michał Kowalczyk Julian Srebrny Leszek Próchniak Chrystian Droste Jan Kownacki Maciej Kisieliński krzysztof Starosta Takeshi Koike National Centre for Nuclear Research 05-540ŚwierkPoland Heavy Ion Laboratory University of WarsawPasteura 5a02-093 WarsawPoland Faculty of Physics University of WarsawPasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive BurnabyB.C.Canada V5A 1S6 Department of Physics Tohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan

We present results of a series of experiments aimed at finding the most direct fingerprints of a phenomenon of nuclear chirality. These experiments brought a detailed knowledge of the so called partner bands in 132La, 128Cs and 126Cs including absolute values of E2 and M1 transition probabilities obtained through the DSA (Doppler Shift Attenuation) method. Considering the indirect character of observables such as energies and transition rates we proposed measurement of the g-factor of a chosen state as a direct, ultimate test of chirality. Our experiment on the bandhead of partner bands in 128Cs showed feasibility of this approach. Measured value of the g-factor which suggests non-chiral character of this state leads to another puzzle in the chirality studies — how the chirality emerges with increasing spin of levels along a partner band.

关键词： nuclear chirality electromagnetic transitions electromagnetic moments level lifetimes

Weight regain after intragastric balloon for pre-surgical weight loss

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt Kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S Jones krzysztof J Wikiel Edward L Jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many also with obesity-related *** can place patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative *** intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well *** To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successful elective surgery after intragastric balloon placement,and weight management after balloon *** This study is a retrospective review of patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective *** outcomes including weight loss,duration of balloon placement,successful elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were *** criteria included those with balloon in place at time of *** Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective *** patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible for balloon *** surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip *** average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were *** average duration of intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 *** average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of 30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight ***-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom relief with weight loss ***-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after balloon *** pat

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

Influence of processing history on microstructure， mechanical properties， and electrical conductivity of Cu-0.7Mg alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： Alireza KALHOR Kinga RODAK Marek TKOCZ Bartosz CHMIELA Ivo SCHINDLER ?ukasz POLOCZEK krzysztof RADWA?SKI Hamed MIRZADEH Marian KAMPIK Faculty of Materials Engineering， Silesian University of Technology V?B – Technical University of Ostrava， Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Materials Research Group， ?ukasiewicz Upper Silesian Institute of Technology School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering， College of Engineering， University of Tehran Faculty of Electrical Engineering， Silesian University of Technology

The effects of forward extrusion as well as extrusion combined with reversible torsion (KoBo extrusion)， followed by additional deformation via the MaxStrain module of the Gleeble thermomechanical simulator， on the microstructure， mechanical properties， and electrical conductivity of a Cu-0.7Mg (wt.%) alloy， were investigated in this work. The simulation results highlighted the critical influence of processing history in determining the equivalent strain distribution. The sample subjected to forward extrusion at 400 ℃and subsequent MaxStrain processing (FM sample)， possessed 76% lower grain size compared to the sample processed solely with MaxStrain (AM sample). Likewise， the KoBo-extruded and MaxStrain-processed sample (KM sample) exhibited 66% smaller grain size compared to the AM sample. Tensile test results revealed that the AM， FM， and KM samples， respectively， possessed 251%， 288%， and 360% higher yield strength， and 95%， 121%， and 169% higher tensile strength compared to the initial annealed alloy， as a result of grain refinement as well as deformation strengthening. Finally， the electrical conductivity measurements revealed that AM， FM， and KM samples， respectively， possessed electrical conductivity values of 37.9， 35.6， and 32.0 (MS/m)， which， considering their mechanical properties， makes them eligible to be categorized as high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys.

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