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Results of Numerical Modeling.of the Orig.n of Cyclones and Anticyclones in the Vicinity of the Intertropical Converg.nce Zone

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第2期9卷 213-228页

作者： Ig.r V. Ming.lev konstantin g. orlov Victor S. Ming.lev Polar g.ophysical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Apatity Russia

A review of simulation results, devoted to time-dependent modeling.of the initial stag. of the formation of larg.-scale vortices in the troposphere in the vicinity of the intertropical converg.nce zone, is presented. The simulation results were obtained not long.ag. with the help of the mathematical model of the neutral wind system of the lower atmosphere, developed earlier in the Polar g.ophysical Institute. The utilized mathematical model produces three-dimensional distributions of the atmospheric parameters in the heig.t rang. from 0 to 15 km over a limited reg.on of the Earth’s surface. Simulation results were obtained for the case when the limited three-dimensional simulation domain, situated at low latitudes, is intersected by an intertropical converg.nce zone in the west-east direction. The reviewed simulation results were obtained for various initial config.rations of the intertropical converg.nce zone. Results of numerical modeling.have indicated that the orig.n of convexities in the form of the intertropical converg.nce zone can lead to the formation of different larg.-scale vortices in the lower atmosphere, in particular, a tropical cyclone, pair of cyclonic vortices, pair of cyclonic-anticyclonic vortexes, and triplet of cyclonic vortices. The simulation results, obtained earlier and presented individually in various editions, are reviewed and summarized in the present paper. A physical mechanism, responsible for the formation of the simulated larg.-scale vortices in the vicinity of the intertropical converg.nce zone, is discussed.

关键词： Numerical Simulation Air Flow Lower Atmosphere Tropical Cyclones

Numerical Modeling.of the Influence of the Relief of a Planet on the g.obal Circulation of the Earth’s Stratosphere and Mesosphere

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2017年第4期7卷 496-510页

作者： Ig.r V. Ming.lev konstantin g. orlov Victor S. Ming.lev Polar g.ophysical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Murmansk Region Russia

An investig.tion of the influence of the relief of a planet on the g.obal circulation of the Earth’s atmosphere is an important problem. Beyond doubt, mountains affect the g.obal circulation of the troposphere, however, their influence on the g.obal circulation of the stratosphere and mesosphere is not evident. In the present study, to investig.te the influence of the relief of a planet on the g.obal circulation of the Earth’s stratosphere and mesosphere, the non-hydrostatic mathematical model, developed earlier in the Polar g.ophysical Institute, is utilized. Calculations were made for two distinct cases. The relief of the planet was taken into account for the first case. Unlike, the Earth’s surface was assumed to be smooth for the second case. Simulations were performed for the winter period in the northern hemisphere (January). Simulation results, obtained for both considered cases, are qualitatively similar at the levels of stratosphere and mesosphere, however, some noticeable distinctions exist. The horizontal domains exist, where the simulated horizontal and vertical components of the neutral wind velocity, obtained for two considered cases, differ noticeably at the levels of the stratosphere and mesosphere. Some of these horizontal domains are not connected with positions of mountains at the Earth’s surface. On the contrary, some of these horizontal domains are situated above mountains.

关键词： Numerical Simulation Stratosphere Mesosphere g.obal Circulation

Actuality and underlying.mechanisms of systemic immuneinflammation index and g.riatric nutritional risk index prog.ostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of g.strointestinal Surg.ry 2024年第2期16卷 260-265页

作者： konstantin Y Tchilikidi Department of Surg.ry with Postg.aduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prog.osis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of g.strointestinal *** pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying.mechanisms making.the systemic immuneinflammation index(SII)and g.riatric nutritional risk index(g.RI)prediction features *** are few publications on both SII and g.RI tog.ther in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prog.osis after radical *** release cytokines,chemokines,and enzymes,deg.ade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell *** promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,throug. physical *** results in the mig.ation of tumor ***-ang.og.nic factors from platelets enhance tumor ang.og.nesis to meet tumor cell supply *** can form a protective film on the surface of tumor *** allows avoiding.blood flow damag. as well as immune system *** also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for *** SII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating.tumor cells.A hig. g.RI was associated with sig.ificantly better prog.ession-free and overall *** patients are a very special population that requires increased *** and g.RI have sig.ificant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surg.ry *** underlying.mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer *** features provide tumor nutrition,g.owth,and distribution throug.out the body,such as vascular *** the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor prog.ession and development of complications in bot

关键词： Systemic immune-inflammation index g.riatric nutritional risk index Radical surg.ry Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Prog.osis

Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation and special systemic therapy in perihilar cholang.ocarcinoma treatment

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World Journal of g.strointestinal Surg.ry 2024年第3期16卷 635-640页

作者： konstantin Y Tchilikidi Department of Surg.ry with Postg.aduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of g.strointestinal *** points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying.molecular mechanisms for targ.ted therapy in perihilar cho-lang.ocarcinoma(pCCA)*** is a toug. malig.ancy with a hig. proportion of advanced disease at the time of *** only curative option is radical *** excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized *** the other hand,ELRAT takes its place among.surg.cal options for carefully selected pCCA *** advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong.*** editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying.mechanisms and projections in targ.ted therapy with ki-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant ***-broblast g.ow factor and fibroblast g.ow factor receptor,human epidermal g.ow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrog.nase,and protein kinase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRKACA)and beta(PRKACB)pathways have been ac-tively investig.ted in CCA in last *** ag.nts were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug.*** all demonstrated mean-ing.ul activity in CCA patients with no g.obal chang. in *** is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced *** conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diag.osis and extremely complicated surg.cal *** also bring. some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected *** disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be indivi

关键词： Perihilar cholang.ocarcinoma Klatskin’tumor Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Targ.ted therapy

Exploiting.the unique interaction characteristics of fast neutrons for improved cancer therapy:A radiobiolog.cal perspective

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第1期5卷 24-29页

作者： Festo Kirag.a konstantin Brazovskiy Tomsk Polytechnic University School of Nuclear Power and Electrical Engineering30Lenina AvenueTomsk 634050Russian Federation

Fast neutrons have sufficient energ. to liberate recoil protons,alpha particles,and other products when they interact with the nuclei of the targ.t material throug. scattering.and absorption *** interactions with biolog.cal tissues occur mainly with hydrog.n nuclei and as the protons interact with the hydrog.n in tissues,they create dense ionization chains along.their tracks thus depositing.*** neutron therapy was pioneered by Robert Stone in 1938 a few years after the discovery of the *** main advantag. is the limited sensitivity to hypoxia and treatment of slow-g.owing.tumors hence better local *** is where photon therapy has yet to have much *** deposition by fast neutrons in living.tissues is hig.er than in conventional radiotherapy using.meg. voltag.(MV)photon *** hig.er energ. deposition g.ves fast neutrons a hig.er relative biolog.cal effectiveness(RBE)in dealing.with certain *** neutrons also have a hig.er linear energ. transfer(LET)and can reach deep-sited tumors better than photon *** main challeng. with Fast neutron therapy has been extreme toxicity in late-reacting.***,fast neutron therapy holds potential for the treatment of certain tumors by leverag.ng.the unique interaction characteristics of fast neutrons with biolog.cal *** review therefore intends to bring.this uniqueness to lig.t to enhance the understanding.of the radiobiolog.cal properties of fast neutrons and the advantag.s associated with its therapy.

关键词： Neutrons Radiation therapy Energ. Double-strand break(DSB)

Consideration of the influence of supports in modeling.the electromag.etic fields of 25 kV traction networks under emerg.ncy conditions

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g.obal Energ. Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 528-540页

作者： konstantin Suslov Andrey Kryukov Ekaterina Voronina Pavel Ilyushin Department of Hydropower and Renewable Energ. National Research UniversityMoscow Power Engineering InstituteMoscow 11250Russia Department of Power Supply and Electrical Eng.neering Irkutsk National Research Technical UniversityIrkutsk 664074Russia Department of Transport Electric Power Irkutsk State Transport UniversityIrkutsk 664074Russia Department of Research on the Relationship between Energ. and the Economy Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117186Russia

Sing.e-phase 25 kV traction networks of electrified alternating.current(AC)railways create electromag.etic fields(EMFs)with sig.ificant levels of *** most intense mag.etic fields occur when short circuits exist between the contact wire and rails or *** the short duration of exposure,they can adversely affect electronic devices and induce sig.ificant voltag.s in adjacent power lines,which is dang.rous for operating.*** numerous investig.tions have focused on modeling.the EMF of traction networks and power lines,the challeng. of determining.the three-dimensional electromag.etic fields near metal supports during.the flow of a short-circuit current throug. them is yet to be *** this case,the field has a complex spatial structure that sig.ificantly complicates the calculations of *** study proposes a methodolog.,alg.rithms,software,and dig.tal models for determining.the EMF in the described emerg.ncy *** the modeling.process,the objects being.studied were represented by seg.ents of thin wires to analyze the distribution of the electric charg. and calculate the intensities of the electric and mag.etic *** approach was implemented in the Fazonord software,and the modeling.results show a substantial increase in EMF levels close to the support,with a noticeable decrease in the levels as the distance from it *** procedure implemented in the commercial software Fazonord is universal and can be used to determine electromag.etic fields at any electrical power facility that includes live parts of limited *** on the proposed procedure,the EMF near the supports of overhead power lines and traction networks of various desig.s could be determined,the EMF levels at substations can be calculated,and the influence of metal structures located near traction networks,such as pedestrian crossing. at railway stations,can be considered.

关键词： Power supply systems AC railways Emerg.ncy conditions Electromag.etic fields near supports Modeling Electromag.etic safety

Revisiting.the stretch-induced force deficit:A systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis of acute effects

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 805-819页

作者： konstantin Warneke Lars Hubertus Lohmann Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazGraz 8010Austria Institute of Sport Science Alpen-Adria University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Worthersee 9020Austria Institute of Human Movement and Exercise Physiolog. University of JenaJena 07749Germany

Backg.ound:When recommending.avoidance of static stretching.prior to athletic performance,authors and practitioners commonly refer to available systematic ***,effect sizes(ES)in previous reviews were extracted in major part from studies lacking.control conditions and/or prepost testing.***,currently available reviews conducted calculations without accounting.for multiple study outcomes,with ES:0.03 to 0.10,which would commonly be classified as ***:Since new meta-analytical software and controlled research articles have appeared since 2013,we revisited the available literatures and performed a multilevel meta-analysis using.robust variance estimation of controlled prepost trials to provide updated ***,previous research described reduced electromyog.aphy activity—also attributable to fatig.ing.training.routines—as being.responsible for decreased subsequent *** second part of this study opposed stretching.and alternative interventions sufficient to induce g.neral fatig.e to examine whether static stretching.induces hig.er performance losses compared to other exercise ***:Including.83 studies with more than 400 ES from 2012 participants,our results indicate a sig.ificant,small ES for a static stretch-induced maximal streng.h loss(ES=0.21,p=0.003),with hig. mag.itude ES(ES=0.84,p=0.004)for stretching.durations60 s per bout when compared to passive *** opposed to active controls,the maximal streng.h loss rang.s between ES:0.17 to0.28,pg.did not neg.tively influence athletic performance in g.neral(when compared to both passive and active controls);in fact,a positive effect on subsequent jumping.performance(ES=0.15,p=0.006)was found in ***:Reg.rding.streng.h testing.of isolated muscles(e.g.,leg.extensions or calf raises),our results confirm previous ***,since no(or even positive)e

关键词： Static stretching Maximal streng.h Athletic performance Performance testing

Foam rolling.and stretching.do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 509-520页

作者： konstantin Warneke g.rit Plöschberg.r Lars H.Lohmann Eric Lichtenstein Daniel Jochum Stanislav D.Sieg.l Astrid Zech David g.Behm Institute of Sport Science University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Wörthersee 9020Austria Department of Human Motion Science and Exercise Physiolog. Friedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07749Germany Department Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Department of Health Sciences and Technolog. ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.JohnsNL A1C 5S7Canada

Backg.ound:Acute improvement in rang. of motion(ROM)is a widely reported effect of stretching.and foam rolling.which is commonly explained by chang.s in pain threshold and/or musculotendinous ***,these effects were also reported in response to various other active and passive interventions that induce responses such as enhanced muscle ***,we hypothesized that acute ROM enhancements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions other than stretching.or foam rolling.that promote an increase in muscle ***:After a systematic search in PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus databases,38 studies comparing.the effects of stretching.and foam rolling.with several other interventions on ROM and passive properties were *** studies had 1134 participants in total,and the data analysis resulted in 140 effect sizes(ESs).ES calculations were performed using.robust variance estimation model with ***:Study quality of the included studies was classified as fair(PEDro score=4.58)with low to moderate certainty of *** showed no sig.ificant differences in ROM(ES=0.01,p=0.88),stiffness(ES=0.09,p=0.67),or passive peak torque(ES=-0.30,p=0.14)between stretching.or foam rolling.and the other identified *** plots revealed no publication ***:Based on current literature,our results challeng. the established view on stretching.and foam rolling.as a recommended component of warm-up *** lack of sig.ificant difference between interventions sug.ests there is no need to emphasize stretching.or foam rolling.to induce acute ROM,passive peak torque increases,or stiffness reductions.

关键词： Rang. of motion Passive properties Muscletendon unit Muscle tissue

S-,P-stabilized bromoallenes for modular allenylborylation of alkenes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 360-367页

作者： Jixin Wang.Dong.ao Luo Ying.Hu Zhili Duan Jianlin Yao konstantin Karag.iosoff Jie Li Key Laboratory of Org.nic Synthesis of Jiang.u Province Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pathogen Bioscience and Anti-infective MedicineCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat MunchenButenandtstr.5-13Haus F81377 MunichGermany State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Org.nic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Simultaneously forming.a carbon-carbon and a carbon-heteroatom bond in a sing.e step throug. transition metal-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization strateg. has emerg.d as a powerful tool for synthetic org.nic *** to the uncontrollable reactivity,direct cross-coupling.with bromoallenes as the building.blocks for the selective allenation and borylation remains *** herein report a new type of S-and P-stabilized bromoallenes for palladium-catalyzed modular allenation and borylation of alkenes to the diverg.nt synthesis of multiply functionalized allenes in a hig.ly reg.o-and diastereoselective *** reaction features broad substrate scope and wide functional g.oup compatibility,thus providing.a straig.tforward method to install allenyl and boryl g.oups across *** experiments hig.lig.t the crucial importance of S-,P-stabilization for the oxidative insertion of Pd-species into the allenyl-Br *** facile syntheses of bioactive allenic steroids and exocyclic allenes demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.

关键词： alkene difunctionalization olefins bromoallenes allenylborylation palladium