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Deciphering fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 683-695页

作者： Alfons van den Kerkhof Andreas Kronz klaus Simon Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universitat Gottingen Goldschmidtstr.1-3 D 37073 GottingenGermany

The study of fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks is especially challenging as the host minerals have been normally subjected to deformation, recrystallization and fluid-rock interaction so that primary in- clusions, formed at the peak of metamorphism are rare. The larger part of the fluid inclusions found in metamorphic minerals is typically modified during uplift. These late processes may strongly disguise the characteristics of the ＂original＂ peak metamorphic fluid. A detailed microstructural analysis of the host minerals, notably quartz, is therefore indispensable for a proper interpretation of fluid inclusions. Cathodoluminescence （CL） techniques combined with trace element analysis of quartz （EPMA, LA- [CPMS） have shown to be very helpful in deciphering the rock-fluid evolution. Whereas high-grade metamorphic quartz may have relatively high contents of trace elements like Ti and A1, low- temperature re-equilibrated quartz typically shows reduced trace element concentrations. The result- ing microstructures in CL can be basically distinguished in diffusion patterns （along microfractures and grain boundaries）, and secondary quartz formed by dissolution-reprecipitation. Most of these textures are formed during retrograde fluid-controlled processes between ca. 220 and 500 ℃, i.e. the range of semi-brittle deformation （greenschist-facies） and can be correlated with the fluid inclusions. In this way modified and re-trapped fluids can be identified, even when there are no optical features observed under the microscope.

关键词： Fluid inclusionsGranuliteCharnockiteCathodoluminescenceLA-ICPMSQuartz

Comprehensive scan for nonmagnetic Weyl semimetals with nonlinear optical response

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1398-1404页

作者： Qiunan Xu Yang Zhang klaus Koepernik Wujun Shi Jeroen van den Brink Claudia Felser Yan Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research 01069 DresdenGermany School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 200031China Center for Nanoscale Systems Faculty of Arts and SciencesHarvard University11 Oxford StreetLISE 308CambridgeMA 02138USA

First-principles calculations have recently been used to develop comprehensive databases of nonmagnetic topological materials that are protected by time-reversal or crystalline ***,owing to the low symmetry requirement of Weyl points,a symmetry-based approach to identifying topological states cannot be applied to Weyl semimetals(WSMs).To date,WSMs with Weyl points in arbitrary positions are absent from the well-known databases.

关键词： symmetry topological metals

Mushroomβ-glucan and polyphenol formulations as natural immunity boosters and balancers:nature of the application

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第2期12卷 378-396页

作者： Maja Kozarski Anita klaus Leo van Griensven Dragica Jakovljevic Nina Todorovic Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar Jovana Vunduk Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11080Serbia Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research CentreWageningen 6700 AAThe Netherlands Institute of Chemistry Technology and MetallurgyUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory Institute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Institute of General and Physical Chemistry University of BelgradeBelgrade 11158Serbia

Mushrooms are experiencing a kind of renaissance as a part of the contemporary human *** valuable organisms are more than food,they fit in perfectly as a novel market group known as ***-balancing mushroom dietary fibers and secondary metabolites such as polyphenols are the main focus of the healthcare *** and cosmetic companies are increasingly using mushroom extracts rich in these *** review considers the basic molecular immunomodulatory mechanisms of action of the most commonly used mushroom dietary fibers,β-*** literature data on their bioavailability,metabolic transformations,preclinical and human clinical research,and safety are *** mechanisms of polyphenol ingredients are also *** molecules present great potential in the design of the new immunity balancer formulations according to their widespread structural ***,we draw attention to the perspectives of modern trends in mushroom nutraceutical and cosmeceutical formulations to strengthen and balance immunity.

关键词： Mushrooms β-Glucan Polyphenols Immunity boosters Superfood Natural cosmetics

Different types of spin currents in the comprehensive materials database of nonmagnetic spin Hall effect

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1522-1528页

作者： Yang Zhang Qiunan Xu klaus Koepernik Roman Rezaev Oleg Janson Jakub Železný Tomáš Jungwirth Claudia Felser Jeroen van den Brink Yan Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research 01069 DresdenGermany Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnicka 1016200 Praha 6Czech Republic School of Physics and Astronomy University of NottinghamNG72RD NottinghamUnited Kingdom Center for Nanoscale Systems Faculty of Arts and SciencesHarvard University11 Oxford StreetLISE 308CambridgeMA 02138USA Institut fur Theoretische Physik and Wurzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Dresden University of Technology01062 DresdenGermany

Spin Hall effect(SHE)has its special position in *** gain new insight into SHE and to identify materials with substantial spin Hall conductivity(SHC),we performed high-precision high-throughput ab initio calculations of the intrinsic SHC for over 20,000 nonmagnetic *** calculations revealed a strong relationship between the magnitude of the SHC and the crystalline symmetry,where a large SHC is typically associated with mirror symmetry-protected nodal line band *** database includes 11 materials with an SHC comparable to or even larger than that of *** with different types of spin currents were additionally ***,we found that different types of spin current can be obtained by rotating applied electrical *** improves our understanding and is expected to facilitate the design of new types of spin-orbitronic devices.

关键词： symmetry magnetic effect

Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

MultiSciView: Multivariate Scientific X-ray Image Visual Exploration with Cross-Data Space Views

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Visual Informatics 2018年第1期2卷 14-25页

作者： Wen Zhong Wei Xu Kevin G.Yager Gregory S.Doerk Jian Zhao Yunke Tian Sungsoo Ha Cong Xie Yuan Zhong klaus Mueller Kerstin Kleese van Dam Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew YorkUnited States Stony Brook University Stony BrookNew YorkUnited States FX Palo Alto Laboratory Palo AltoCaliforniaUnited States Facebook Inc. Menlo ParkCaliforniaUnited States Midea Emerging Technology Center San JoseCaliforniaUnited States

X-ray images obtained from synchrotron beamlines are large-scale,high-resolution and high-dynamic-range grayscale data encoding multiple complex properties of the measured *** are typically associated with a variety of metadata which increases their inherent *** is a wealth of information embedded in these data but so far scientists lack modem exploration tools to unlock these hidden *** bridge this gap,we propose MultiSciView,a multivariate scientific x-ray image visualization and exploration system for beamline-generated x-ray scattering *** system is composed of three complementary and coordinated interactive visualizations to enable a coordinated exploration across the images and their associated attribute and feature *** first visualization features a multi-level scatterplot visualization dedicated for image exploration in attribute,image,and pixel *** second visualization is a histogram-based attribute cross filter by which users can extract desired subset patterns from *** third one is an attribute projection visualization designed for capturing global attribute *** demonstrate our framework by ways of a case study involving a real-world material scattering *** show that our system can efficiently explore large-scale x-ray images,accurately identify preferred image patterns,anomalous images and erroneous experimental settings,and effectively advance the comprehension of material nanostructure properties.

关键词： Scientific x-ray image visualization Multi-level scatterplot Crossdata space exploration

Quadruple[6]Helicene Featuring Pyrene Core:Unraveling Contorted Aromatic Core with Larger Effective Conjugation

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第9期2卷 488-494页

作者： Christopher Wallerius Otgonbayar Erdene-Ochir Eva van Doeselar Ronald Alle Anh Tu Nguyen Marvin F.Schumacher Arne Lützen klaus Meerholz Sai Ho Pun Department of Chemistry University of CologneCologne 50939Germany Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of BonnBonn 53121Germany Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClean Water BayHong KongChina

Multiple helicenes display distinct aromatic cores characterized by highly twisted rings that are shared or fused with constituent helicene *** these aromatic cores unlocks avenues for creating multiple helicenes with distinct properties and *** we report the synthesis of a quadruple[6]helicene featuring pyrene as the aromatic *** synthesis involved key steps of the annulativeπ-extension reaction and Scholl *** extending multiple helicenes along the axial direction,the degree of contortion of the aromatic core can be controlled from nearly flat to highly ***,quadruple[6]-helicene exhibits a significant red-shift of 0.49 eV compared to quadruple[4]-helicenes,of which the red-shift arises from bothπ-extension and augmented effective conjugation due to enhanced *** chemical calculations demonstrate that the degree of contortion in the pyrene core adeptly governs the energy levels of the HOMO and LUMO,which offers an alternative strategy beyond mere enlargement of theπ*** intriguing serendipitous finding reveals the formation of one-molecule-thick supramolecular homochiral nanosheets through selfinterlocking interactions of enantiomers in single crystals,a rare packing motif for multiple helicenes.

关键词： Helicenes Polycyclic aromatics Pyrene Core contortion Effective conjugation

2006年从印度洋地区回到欧洲的旅行者的基孔肯雅热诊断检测

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中国人兽共患病学报 2008年第5期 386-386,487页

作者： Marcus Panning klaus Grywna Marjan van Esbroeck 修文琼张拥军福建省疾病预防控制中心

Author Correction:Different types of spin currents in the comprehensive materials database of nonmagnetic spin Hall effect

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1762-1763页

作者： Yang Zhang Qiunan Xu klaus Koepernik Roman Rezaev Oleg Janson Jakub Železný Tomáš Jungwirth Claudia Felser Jeroen van den Brink Yan Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 Dresden Germany Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research 01069 Dresden Germany Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Center for Nanoscale Systems Faculty of Arts and Sciences Harvard University 11 Oxford Street LISE 308 Cambridge MA 02138 USA Institut fur Theoretische Physik and Wurzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Dresden University of Technology 01062 Dresden Germany Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnicka 10 162 00 Praha 6 Czech Republic School of Physics and Astronomy University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham United Kingdom

The original version of this Article contained errors in Fig.3b,d,in which a factor of“100”should be included in the unit for both y-axis labels“SHC[100(ħ/e)(S/cm)]”.This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTM... 详细信息

关键词： database HTML include