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Omega-3 fatty acids and mental health

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Global Health Journal 2020年第1期4卷 18-30页

作者： klaus w.Lange Institute of Psychology University of Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany

Nutrition plays a key role in brain development,mental health,and psychiatric *** role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in physical health is well established,and their role in mental health is becoming increasingly ***-3 fatty acids are involved in a wide range of physiological functions that are related to neurogenesis,neurotransmission,and neuroinflammation;therefore,they play fundamental roles in the development,functioning,and aging of the *** humans,dietary deficiencies of omega-3 fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of developing various psychiatric disorders,including depression,bipolar disorder,schizophrenia,dementia,attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,and *** particular,eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid have been linked to the maintenance of mental health,and their deficits have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mental *** may be mediated by the modulation of inflammatory processes and their direct effects on neuronal membrane fluidity and receptor ***,randomized clinical trials that have investigated the therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acids have yielded inconclusive results,thereby limiting the use of these nutrients in psychiatric ***-quality clinical trials should be conducted to examine the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in preventing and treating mental *** undesirable side effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation should also be *** effects may become apparent after many years of administration,and therefore,they may not be detected in most cases.

关键词： Omega-3 fatty acids Mental health Neurodevelopmental disorders Dementia Depression Schizophrenia

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and global mental health

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Global Health Journal 2021年第1期5卷 31-36页

作者： klaus w.Lange Institute of Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburgBavaria 93040Germany

The mental health effects of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic may shape population health for many years to *** to address the mental health issues stemming from the pandemic is likely to prolong its *** COVID-19 pandemic has created a significant global challenge and,in lower-income countries,even a disruption of mental health *** our experience with previous pandemics,the present COVID-19 crisis can be expected to cause psychological trauma,and steps are needed to address this issue *** focusing on the long-term mental health consequences of COVID-19 may equal the importance of those currently seeking to mitigate its physical *** implications of the GOVID-19 pandemic for mental health call for a greater focus on the needs of those with mental disorders and on mental health issues affecting health care workers and the general *** preventive and therapeutic mental health care is essential in addressing the psychosocial needs of populations exposed to the *** addition to specialist care,"task-shifting"and digital technologies may provide cost-effective means of providing mental health care in lower-income countries worldwide as well as in higher-income countries with mental health services overwhelmed by the effects of the COVID-19 *** view of the ever-increasing pressure on global health systems resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic,adopting and adapting"task-shifting",i.e.,the delegation of psychotherapeutic interventions to trained non-specialists,as an element of the provision of mental health services,is *** technologies can be used to enhance social support and facilitate resilience to the detrimental mental health effects of the pandemic;they may also offer an efficient and cost-effective way to provide easy access to mentalhealth care.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Mental health Prevention Treatment Task shifting Digital technology

Task sharing in psychotherapy as a viable global mental health approach in resource-poor countries and also in high-resource settings

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Global Health Journal 2021年第3期5卷 120-127页

作者： klaus w.Lange Institute of Psychology Urtiversiiy of RegensburgRegensburgBavaria 93040Germany

A global disparity exists between the burden of mental ill-health and the resources available to address this *** mental disorders,such as mild-to-moderate depression,anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder,are associated with a significant decline in health and functioning and contribute significantly to the overall burden of *** view of a shortage of mental health professionals in most low-and middle-income countries,task sharing(task shifting)can make an important contribution to improving access to mental health *** sharing involves non-specialists in the delivery of health *** use of lay health workers is premised on the assumption that the shorter training required for non professionals will allow an increase in the provision of required care without the need for an increase in resources and will strengthen and scale-up sustainable health *** need for low-tech support in the management of conunon mental disorders is widespread,and the core resource is humans trained to identify and treat those requiring mental health *** is a strong evidence base for the effectiveness of task sharing in psychotherapy,and talk therapies,*** behavioral therapy,can easily be delegated to non-specialists,including non-specialist health workers,peer helpers and lay people.A(cost-)effective model of mental health care in low-resource settings as well as in high-income countries may include the medical school-based training of some psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in the treatment of referred patients with serious mental *** professional mental health specialists would also be trainers and supervisors of non-specialist health workers who would identify common mental health disorders and provide psychotherapy to people with these conditions in a community-based ***-based generalism including task sharing rather than centralized specialism may be capable of preventing and treating many

关键词： Mental health care Poor-resource settings Task sharing Psychotherapy Cognitive behavioral therapy

Designing waste rock barriers by advanced numerical modelling

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 659-675页

作者： klaus Thoeni Martin Servin Scott w.Sloan Anna Giacomini Centre for Geotechnical Science and Engineering The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia UMIT Research Lab Umea niversityUmeaSE-90187Sweden

Design of waste rock barriers forming safety berms for haul trucks requires knowledge of complex interactions which cannot readily be tested by physical *** advanced numerical model based on non-smooth multi-domain mechanics is presented together with model calibration using limited fullscale experimental *** rock is represented by spherical particles with rolling resistance,and an ultra-class haul truck is represented by a rigid multibody system interconnected with mechanical *** model components are first calibrated and then the calibrated model is used for simulating various collision scenarios with different approach conditions and safety berm *** predictions indicate that the width of the berm is most critical for efficiently stopping a runaway *** model can also predict if a certain berm geometry is capable of stopping a runaway *** are summarised in a series of diagrams intended for use as design guidelines by practitioners and engineers.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEM) Multibody dynamics(MBD) Non-smooth multi-domain dynamics Granular materials Ultra-class haul truck Safety berm Surface mining

The contribution of food bioactives and nutrition to the management of COVID-19

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Journal of Future Foods 2022年第1期2卷 13-17页

作者： klaus w.Lange Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

Poor nutrition predisposes to infection,and various food compounds,such as micronutrients,are key elements of immune competence.A large number of scientific publications have suggested a role of phytochemicals,food bioactives and nutrition in combating the current coronavirus *** dietary components and specific food supplements have been proposed to be helpful in the prevention or therapy of *** findings in preclinical models suggest that food bioactives and micronutrients may potentially augment viral defense,evidence supporting antiviral and immunomodulatory efficacy of these compounds in the prevention or management of COVID-19 is ***-scale epidemiological and well-designed clinical studies investigating dosage and combinations of food compounds in different age groups and populations are needed before any recommendations can be *** malnutrition and overnutrition can adversely affect the immune *** at population level appears to be associated with elevated rates of fatal outcomes of *** and non-communicable diseases have been found to be a prognostic risk factor associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes.A focus on obesity and nutrition-related chronic diseases should be a key element of public *** approach would be more effective than the far less promising search for food bioactives with potential immune-supportive efficacy.

关键词： COVID-19 Food bioactives Micronutrients Nutrition Obesity

Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan Jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky Simon von Kroge Julian Delsmann Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

Green tea, epigallocatechin gallate and the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease: clinical evidence

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Food Science and Human wellness 2022年第4期11卷 765-770页

作者： klaus w.Lange Katharina M.Lange Yukiko Nakamura Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

Given its increasing global prevalence,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has become a major public health challenge *** symptomatic treatments available for AD have shown no significant efficacy,and no disease-modifying interventions are capable of slowing the progression of the *** potential of lifestyle-related factors,including diet,is increasingly recognized as an important consideration in the primary prevention of *** mechanisms potentially underlying neuroprotective effects of bioactive components contained in tea,such as(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,as well as their preventive efficacy against AD,have been elucidated in preclinical ***,in contrast to the abundance of mechanistic findings in animals,clinical results demonstrating efficacy in humans are *** epidemiological studies have provided some evidence indicating that green tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of age-related cognitive decline and AD,a causal relationship cannot be established on the basis of these *** clinical evidence regarding preventive or therapeutic effects of green tea and its bioactive components is unsatisfactory.A role of green tea in the prevention of AD cannot be recommended until well-designed,randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trials using standardized formulations confirm the purported beneficial effects of green tea.

关键词： Green tea Epigallocatechin gallate Alzheimer’s disease Neurodegeneration Prevention

Effect of classroom-based physical activity interventions on attention and on-task behavior in schoolchildren:A systematic review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第3期3卷 125-133页

作者： Stefanie Ruhland klaus w.Lange Institute of Psychology University of RegensburgGermany

Physical activity in children is associated with several cognitive *** children and adolescents spend an increasing amount of time engaged in sedentary behavior both at school and in their free time,movement breaks during class hours,in which students are physically active,may be beneficial for effective *** aim of this systematic research is to provide an overview of prospective studies investigating the influence of classroom-based physical activity(CB-PA)interventions on attention and on-task behavior in school-aged children and adolescents aged between 4 and 18 years.A systematic search of electronic databases(PubMed,Science Direct,PsycINFO,Ovid),according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)statement,was performed from July 2020 to March *** characteristics data were analyzed and a methodological quality assessment,using a modified Downs and Black checklist,of both randomized and non-randomized studies was ***,the available evidence points to a beneficial effect of exercise on attention and on-task behavior in a classroom ***,methodological differences concerning partici-pants and duration and type of physical activity should be considered when comparing the *** studies with more comparable methodology are needed to provide a better understanding of the effect of CB-PA on attention and on-task behavior.

关键词： Attention Children Classroom On-task behavior Physical activity

Edible insects as future food:chances and challenges

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Journal of Future Foods 2021年第1期1卷 38-46页

作者： klaus w.Lange Yukiko Nakamura Department of Eperimental Psychologr University of RegensburgRegensburg.Gemmaory

The consumption of insects(entomophagy)has recently attracted global attention for health reasons as well as environmental and economic *** environmentally sustainable food security is currently one of the biggest global challenges.A wide range of edible insect species,with their high contents in protein,fat,minerals,vitamins and fiber,can play a significant role in addressing food *** of entomophagy include a high feed-conversion efficiency of insects and the rearing on organic side streams,adding value to waste and decreasing environmental *** to cattle raising,insects emit relatively few greenhouse gases and little ammonia and require significantly less land and *** nutritional quality of edible insects appears to be equivalent and sometimes superior to that of foods derived from birds and *** farming may offer a sustainable means of food *** edible insects are calorie dense and highly nutritious,their consumption has the potential to reduce famine *** presence of high-quality protein and various micronutrients as well as potential environmental and economic benefits render edible insects globally a major potential future ***,consumer acceptance remains a major obstacle to the adoption of insects as a food source in many western countries.

关键词： Edible insects Food security Environmenta1 sustainability Food Safety Consumer acceptance