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Risk factors of treatment default and death among tuberculosis patients in a resource-limited setting

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第12期7卷 977-984页

作者： Isaac Alobu Sarah n.Oshi Daniel C.Oshi kingsley n.ukwa.a national Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme Ministry of HealthAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria Centre for Development and Reproductive Health Enugu.Enugu StateNigeria Department of Internal Medicine Federal Teaching HospitalAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the rates,timing and determinants of default and death among adult tuberculosis patients in ***:Routine surveillance data were used.A retrospective cohort study of adult tuberculosis patients treated during 2011 and 2012 in two large health facilities in Ebonyi *** was *** logistic regression analyses were used to tdentify independent predictors for treatment default and ***:Of 1668 treated patients,the default rate was 157(9.4%),whilst 165(9.9%) ***,35.7%(56) of the treatment defaults and 151(91.5%) of deaths occurred during the intensive phase of *** of default increased with increasing age(adjusted odds ratio(aOR) 1.2;95%confidence interval(CI)1.1-1.9).smear-negative TB case(aOR 2.3:CI 1.5-3.6).extrapulmonary TB case(aOR 2.7:CI 1.3-5.2).and patients who received the longer treatment regimen(aOR 1,6;1.1-2.2).Risk of death was highest in extrapulmonary TB(aOR 3.0:CI 1.4-6.1) and smear-negative TB cases(aOR 2.4:*** residents(aOR 1.7:CI 1.2-2.6),HIV co-infected(aOR 2.5:CI 1.7-3.6),not receiving antiretroviral therapy(aOR 1.6:CI 1.1-2.9),and not receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis(aOR 1.7:CI 1.2—2.6).Conclusions:Targeted interventions to improve treatment adherence for patients with the highest risk of default or death are urgently *** needs to he urgently addressed by the national Tuberculosis Programme.

关键词： Tuberculosis Epidemiology Treatment default Mortality Treatment outcome Health services nigeria

Optimization of process conditions for drying of catfish(Clarias gariepinus)using Response Surface Methodology(RSM)

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第1期8卷 46-52页

作者： Elijah George Ikrang kingsley Charles Umani Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of UyoUyoAkwa Ibom StateNigeria Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAkwa Ibom State UniversityMkpat EninAkwa Ibom StateNigeria

Drying is applied to lower the moisture content of fish to a level that can prevent the growth of mould and infestation of micro-organism and thus minimizes microbial *** goal of this work was to optimize the process conditions during electrical oven drying of *** content(MC)was quantitatively investigated during the drying process of catfish sizes using response surface methodology(RSM)to obtain minimum moisture *** independent process variables for the drying process were temperature(50–70◦C),product thickness(10–20 mm),salt concentration(0–20%)and drying time(480–600 min.).Two factorial interaction(2FI)regression model describing the effects of independent drying process variables on the moisture content was *** effects of temperature and drying time were more pronounced for MC than the thickness and salt *** optimum conditions were found to be temperature=63.43◦C,product thickness=14.81 mm,salt concentration=9.07%and drying time=600 *** these optimum conditions,moisture content was found to be 2.64%*** of experimental results with the empirical model was evaluated using coefficient of correlation(R2)which was found for the model equation as,R2=0.994.

关键词： Optimization Oven drying Drying parameters Catfish Response surface methodology

Beat the plastic:an approach to polyethylene terephthalate(PET)bottle waste management in nigeria

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第4期2卷 313-320页

作者： nkonyeasua kingsley Egun Osagie Jude Evbayiro Department of Animal and Environmental Biology University of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Department of Entrepreneurship University of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria

Rapid economic growth and production patterns have increased plastic consumption,plastic waste generation,and environmental pollution burden on both land and water habitats across the *** use of PET(polyethylene terephthalate)bottles in packaging has increased tremendously and accounts for a significant proportion of the plastic waste generated in nigeria,along with its environment and economic *** sustainable development goals of sustainable cities and communities,responsible consumption and production,ensure access to safe water and sanitation has necessitated the need for an efficient PET bottle waste management *** study analyzed the PET bottle system in nigeria and proposes an integrated PET bottle model/system for sustainable waste management,resource conservation,improved environmental sanitation,and economic development in ***,the need for the adoption of a holistic and indigenous approach in the formulation of the national policy on plastic waste management is emphasized,as it will encourage the citizens’participation and financial investments in waste management.

关键词： PET bottle Plastic waste Recycling model Waste management Environment

Palynomorph assemblage biozonation of Paleogene strata in Bende–Umuahia Area,niger Delta Basin, southeastern nigeria

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第2期9卷 168-180页

作者： Okechukwu nicodemus Ikegwuonu Obianuju Patricia Umeji Osita Igwebuike Chiaghanam kingsley Knwozor Otobong Sunday ndukwe kingsley Chukwuebuka Chiadikobi Department of Geology Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityUliNigeria Department of Geology University of NigeriaEnuguNigeria Department of Geology Federal UniversityOye-EkitiNigeria.

Cenozoic sediments form extensive outcrops in the niger Delta Basin. Detailed palynostratigraphic study was undertaken across Paleogene sequences exposed in Bende–Umuahia Area in up-dip sectors of the niger Delta Basin, southeastern nigeria, to establish different palynomorphs assemblage zones, with their corresponding *** analysis was carried out on 27 selected outcrop samples, using the conventional maceration technique for recovering acid-insoluble organic-walled microfossils from sediments. Three Cenozoic lithostratigraphic units, including Imo Formation, Ameki Formation, and Ogwashi Formation, are exposed in the study area. Lithologies are sandstone, carbonaceous shale, mudstone, limestone, and the lignite. A total of 65 species of sporomorphs and 51 dinoflagellate cysts were identified. The recovered spores and pollen grains were used to establish six informal palynomorph assemblage zones, labeled as zone A – zone F, based on the first and the last occurrences of two or more species. These palynomorph assemblage zones include:(1) zone A — middle Paleocene Scabratriporites simpliformis–Bombacidites annae zone;(2) zone B — late Paleocene Foveotricolporites crassiexinus–Mauritidiites crassiexinus zone;(3) zone C — early Eocene Striatopollis catatumbus–Momipites africanus zone;(4) zone D — middle Eocene Margocolporites umuahiaensis–Gemmastephanocolporites brevicolpites zone;(5)zone E — late Eocene Cicatricosisporites dorogensis–Perfotricolpites nigerianus zone;and,(6) zone F — Oligocene–early Miocene Verrucatosporites usmensis–Magnastriatites howardii zone. The erected palynozones were correlated and compared with existing biozones in subsurface, down-dip sectors of the niger Delta Basin, with pantropical palynological zones in tropical areas of Africa, and with palynofloral provinces of northern South America. A comparison of palynozones studied in southeastern nigeria with other international palynozones, in this study, will assist in establishing

关键词： Palynology Stratigraphy Biozonation Spores and pollen grains Dinoflagellate cysts Cenozoic niger Delta Basin

Antidiabetic effect of Chrysophyllum albidum is mediated by enzyme inhibition and enhancement of glucose uptake via 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第9期10卷 387-396页

作者： Benjamin kingsley Harley Rita Akosua Dickson Isaac kingsley Amponsah Robert A ngala Dorice Berkoh Theophilus Christian Fleischer Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of PharmacyUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Molecular Medicine School of Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Basic and Applied Biology School of SciencesUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyaniGhana

Objective:To investigate the in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic potential of Chrysophyllum ***:The effects of oral treatment with hydro-ethanolic extract(125,250 and 500 mg/kg)of the stem bark of Chrysophyllum albidum and glibenclamide for 21 d on glucose level,serum enzyme markers for liver function,lipid profile,total protein,serum urea,serum creatinine,and body weight were evaluated in experimental diabetic rats administered with 45 mg/kg of *** vitro assays including glucose uptake in C2 C12 cells and 3 T3-L1 adipose tissues,α-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibition were employed to evaluate the possible mechanism of hypoglycemic action of the *** and nitric oxide radical antioxidant activity of the extract was also ***:The increased levels of blood glucose,triglycerides,lowdensity lipoprotein,total cholesterol,serum aspartate,and alanine transaminases,creatinine,and urea in the diabetic animals were reduced significantly(Pnt with Chrysophyllum albidum *** decreased total protein and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were normalized after *** addition,the extract significantly(Pncreased the transport of glucose in 3 T3-L1 cells and C2 C12 myotubes and exhibited considerable potential to inhibitα-amylase andα-*** also demonstrated potent antioxidant action by scavenging considerably DPPH and nitric oxide ***:Chrysophyllum albidum stem bark extract exhibits considerable antidiabetic effect by stimulating glucose uptake and utilization in C2 C12 myotubes and 3 T3-L1 adipocytes as well as inhibiting the activities ofα-amylase andα-glucosidase.

关键词： Antidiabetic C2C12 myotubes α-glucosidase inhibition α-amylase inhibition Glucose uptake Chrysophyllum albidum

Optimal Artificial Intelligence Based Automated Skin Lesion Detection and Classification Model

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 693-707页

作者： kingsley A.Ogudo R.Surendran Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering TechnologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburg2006South Africa Center for Artificial Intelligence and Research(CAIR) Chennai Institute of TechnologyChennai600069India Al-nahrain nanorenewable Energy Research Center Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdad64074Iraq

Skin lesions have become a critical illness worldwide,and the earlier identification of skin lesions using dermoscopic images can raise the survival *** of the skin lesion from those dermoscopic images will be a tedious *** accuracy of the classification of skin lesions is improved by the use of deep learning ***,convolutional neural networks(Cnn)have been established in this domain,and their techniques are extremely established for feature extraction,leading to enhanced *** this motivation,this study focuses on the design of artificial intelligence(AI)based solutions,particularly deep learning(DL)algorithms,to distinguish malignant skin lesions from benign lesions in dermoscopic *** study presents an automated skin lesion detection and classification technique utilizing optimized stacked sparse autoen-coder(OSSAE)based feature extractor with backpropagation neural network(BPnn),named the OSSAE-BPnn *** proposed technique contains a multi-level thresholding based segmentation technique for detecting the affected lesion *** addition,the OSSAE based feature extractor and BPnn based classifier are employed for skin lesion ***,the parameter tuning of the SSAE model is carried out by the use of sea gull optimization(SGO)*** showcase the enhanced outcomes of the OSSAE-BPnn model,a comprehensive experimental analysis is performed on the benchmark *** experimentalfindings demonstrated that the OSSAE-BPnn approach outper-formed other current strategies in terms of several assessment metrics.

关键词： Deep learning dermoscopic images intelligent models machine learning skin lesion

爆裂法作为快速测定流体包裹体中二氧化碳(和其它气体)含量的手段及其在勘探中的使用：以中国山东和河北省金矿为例

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岩石学报 2007年第1期23卷 65-71页

作者： kingsley Burlinson Burlinson Geochemical Services Darwin NT.Australia

The acoustic decrepitation method heats a small monomineralic sample and counts pressure impulses as the inclusions burst when they develop high internal *** aqueous fluids,the decrepitation temperature is correlated with the homogenisation temperature,but gas rich fluids give a distinct and characteristic low temperature decrepitation peak which can be used to recognize gas rich fluid *** information is useful in exploration for Au deposits,which are frequently associated with CO_2 rich and sometimes CH_4 rich fluids. This distinctive decrepitation occurs because the CO_2 rich inclusion fluids expand according to the gas law and develop internal pressures high enough to burst the host mineral grain at temperatures well below their homogenisation *** contrast,aqueous fluids condense to a liquid and vapour phase during post-entrapment *** subsequent heating their internal pressures do not increase significantly until after homogenisation to a single phase occurs and hence they do not decrepitate'prematurely'as gas rich inclusions do. This behaviour is usually regarded as an annoyance in conventional microthermometric homogenisation studies,but can readily be used as an exploration aid to find mineralisation deposited from such gas rich *** results on samples from Cowra Ck, nSW,Australia,which have also been microthermometrically measured for CO_2 content,show that amounts of less than 5 mole % CO_2 are easily distinguished by decrepitation and amounts as low as 1 mole % CO_2 may be determinable. Examples of the use of acoustic decrepitation in the study of 6 gold mines in the Shandong and Hebei provinces of China are discussed.

关键词：爆裂法含量快速测定流体包裹体二氧化碳其它气体勘探使用金矿

Antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and therapeutic targets in autoimmune liver disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 92-111页

作者： Andrea Kristina Horst kingsley Gideon Kumashie Katrin neumann Linda Diehl Gisa Tiegs Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistraBe 52D-20251 HamburgGermany Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistraBe 52D-20251 HamburgGermany

The liver is an important immunological organ that controls systemic *** liver harbors professional and unconventional antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for tolerance induction and *** the immune response in homeostasis depends on a healthy and well-toned immunological liver microenvironment,which Is maintained by the crosstalk of liver-resident antigen-presenting cells and intrahepatic and liver-infiltrating *** response to pathogens or autoantigens,tolerance is disrupted by unknown *** parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells exhibit unique antigen-presenting *** presentation of microbial and endogenous lipid-,metabolite-and peptide-derived antigens from the gut via conventional and nonconventional mechanisms can educate intrahepatic immune cells and elicit effector responses or *** of this balance results in autoimmune liver diseases,such as autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing *** the exact etiologies of these autoimmune liver diseases are unknown,it is thought that the disruption of tolerance towards self-antigens and microbial metabolites and lipids,as well as alterations in bile acid composition,may result in changes in effector cell activation and polarization and may reduce or impair protective antiinflammatory regulatory T and B cell ***,the canonical and noncanonical transmission of antigens and antigen:MHC complexes via trogocytosis or extracellular vesicles between different(non)immune cells in the liver may play a role in the induction of hepatic inflammation and ***,we summarize emerging aspects of antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and the application of novel therapeutic approaches in the characterization and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.

关键词： liver tolerance autoimmune liver disease antigen presentating cell

Adiponectin orchestrates testosterone suppression in biological pathways

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第2期13卷 52-59页

作者： Ekhoye Ehitare Ikekhuamen Imonna kingsley Human Physiology Edo State University UzairueNigeria Public Health Edo State University UzairueNigeria

This current review highlights adiponectin engagement with AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 which subsequently triggers pathways such as AMPK,PPARα,and MAPK,thereby modulating testicular ***'s actions on Leydig and adrenal cells inhibit androgen secretion by suppressing the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR).Given that StAR facilitates cholesterol to testosterone conversion,AMPK inhibits this process by modulating cholesterol transport and suppressing StAR expression through multiple ***,adiponectin-induced PPARαactivation impedes mitochondrial cholesterol influx,further modulating androgen *** suppressive influence of PPARαon steroidogenic genes,notably StAR,is ***,adiponectin signalling predominantly attenuates androgen production,ensuring metabolic and reproductive ***,as seen in conditions like hypogonadism and obesity-related infertility,highlight their crucial roles and potential clinical interventions for reproductive disorders.

关键词： Adiponectin Testosterone Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein Steroidogenesis Leydig cells