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Ultra-High Temperature Gratings

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2008年第4期6卷 420-422页

作者： John Canning Somnath Bandyopadhyay michael Stevenson kevin cook the Interdisciplinary Photonics Laboratories (iPL) School of Chemistry University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia currently at the Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI) Kolkata 700032 India.

Regenerated gratings seeded by type-I gratings are shown to withstand temperatures beyond 1000 ℃. The method of regeneration offers a new approach to increasing temperature resistance of stable fibre Bragg and other gratings. These ultra-high temperature （UHT） gratings extend the applicability of silicate based components to high temperature applications such as monitoring of smelters and vehicle and aircraft engines to high power fibre lasers.

关键词： Annealing Bragg gratings regenerated gratings temperature sensing ultra-high temperature.

Stable CW Single-mode Photonic Crystal Fiber DFB Ring Laser

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2008年第4期6卷 442-444页

作者： kevin cook John Canning John Holdsworth Chris Dewhurst Interdisciplinary Photonics Laboratories School of Chemistry University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia the School of mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia and is currently on Sabbatical at The University of Sydney

We demonstrate stable single-mode CW operation of a DFB ring laser based on Er3＋ doped photonics crystal fiber （PCF）. The incorporation of a ring cavity allows one single mode to lase and also suppresses the unwant... 详细信息

关键词： Fiber lasers fiber optics photonic crystal fibers.

Prevalence and associated predictors for patients developing chronic neuropathic pain following burns

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Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 319-325页

作者： kevin m.Klifto A.Lee Dellon C.Scott Hultman Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurosurgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA

Background:Chronic pain,unrelated to the burn itself,can manifest as a long-term complication in patients sustaining burn *** purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic neuropathic pain(CNP)and compare burn characteristics between patients who developed CNP and patients without CNP who were treated at a burn ***:A single-center,retrospective analysis of 1880 patients admitted to the adult burn center was performed from 1 January 2014 to 1 January *** included were over the age of 15 years,sustained a burn injury and were admitted to the burn *** was diagnosed clinically following burn *** were excluded from the definition of CNP if their pain was due to an underlying illness or *** between patients admitted to the burn center with no pain and patients admitted to the burn center who developed CNP were ***:One hundred and thirteen of the 1880 burn patients developed CNP as a direct result of burn injury over 5 years with a prevalence of 6.01%.Patients who developed CNP were a significantly older median age(54 years vs.46 years,p=0.002),abused alcohol(29%vs.8%,pmokers(73%vs.33%,pmore full-thickness burns(58%vs.43%,pmedian percent of total body surface area(%TBSA)burns(6 vs.3.5,pmore often intubated on mechanical ventilation(33%vs.14%,pmedian number of surgeries(2 vs.0,pmedian hospital length of stay(LOS)(10 days vs.3 days,pmpared to those who did not develop CNP,*** patient follow-up was 27 ***:The prevalence of CNP over 5 years was 6.01%in the burn *** ages,alcohol abuse,substance abuse,current daily smoking,greater percent of total body surface area(%TBSA)burns,third degree burns,being intubated on mechanical ventilation,having more surgeries and longer hospital LOS were as

关键词： Alcohol Burns Chronic pain Length of stay Nerve Neuralgia Prevalence Smoking Substance Surgery

Intraneuronal tau aggregation induces the integrated stress response in astrocytes

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Journal of molecular Cell Biology 2022年第10期14卷 50-68页

作者： kevin L.Batenburg Nael N.Kasri Vivi m.Heine Wiep Scheper Department of Functional Genomics Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrĳe Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Human Genetics and Cognitive Neuroscience Donders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourRadboudumcGeert Grooteplein 10 Noord6500 HB NĳmegenThe Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC location Vrĳe UniversiteitAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrĳe Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Complex Trait Genetics Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrĳe Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC location Vrĳe UniversiteitDe Boelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Progressive aggregation of tau protein in neurons is associated with neurodegeneration in *** non-autonomous disease mechanisms in astrocytes may be important drivers of the disease process but remain largely ***,we studied cell type-specific responses to intraneuronal tau aggregation prior to *** this end,we developed a fully human co-culture model of seed-independent intraneuronal tau pathology,which shows no neuron and synapse *** high-content microscopy,we show that intraneuronal tau aggregation induces oxidative stress accompanied by activation of the integrated stress response specifically in *** requires the direct co-culture with neurons and is not related to neurodegeneration or extracellular tau ***-directed antisense therapy reduced intraneuronal tau levels and aggregation and prevented the cell non-autonomous responses in *** data identify the astrocytic integrated stress response as a novel disease mechanism activated by intraneuronal tau *** addition,our data provide the first evidence for the efficacy of tau-directed antisense therapy to target cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous disease pathways in a fully human model of tau pathology.

关键词： tau aggregation astrocytes hiPSC-derived neurons integrated stress response oxidative stress antisense oligonucleotides

Determinants and rates of land degradation： Application of stationary time-series model to data from a semi-arid environment in Kenya

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： kevin z mganga dickson m nyariki nashon k r musimba dorothy a amwata department of range and wildlife sciences south eastern kenya university170-90200 KituiKenya department of agricultural economics and agribusiness south eastern kenya university170-90200 KituiKenya school of business and economics murangáuniversity of technology75-10200 MurangaKenya

The causes of land degradation in the African drylands have been shown to vary. Some researchers consider climate to be the major contributor to degradation, with anthropogenic factors playing a minor role. Others reverse the significance of these two factors. A third group attributes land degradation to climate and anthropogenic factors equally. This study was undertaken to establish the factors influencing land degradation in a semi-arid environment in southeastern Kenya and the rate of change in vegetation types for a period of 35 years （1973-2007）. The reduction in grassland cover was used as an indicator of land degradation. Causes of land degradation were determined by a multiple regression analysis. A log-linear regression analysis was used to establish the rate of vegetation change. The multiple and log-linear regression analyses showed：（1） woody vegetation, livestock population and cultivated area to be the main contributors of reduction in grassland cover in the area, and （2） an increase in undesirable woody species, livestock population and cultivated area had a significant （P〈0.05） negative effect on grassland vegetation. Increased human population, low amounts of rainfall and drought showed no significant negative effect on grassland vegetation cover. In conclusion, human and livestock population growth and increased agricultural land have contributed to intensive crop cultivation and overgrazing in the semi-arid lands. This overuse of the semi-arid rangelands has worsened the deterioration of the natural grassland vegetation.

关键词： regression analysis land degradation grassland cover semi-arid Kenya Sub-Saharan Africa

High incidences and similar patterns of Wolbachia infection in fig wasp communities from three different continents

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Insect Science 2010年第2期17卷 101-111页

作者： Lin-Lin Chen James m. cook Hui Xiao Hao-Yuan Hu Li-ming Niu Da-Wei Huang Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an Shandong Province China

Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria that infect numerous arthropod species. Previous studies in Panama and Australia revealed that the majority of fig wasp species harbor Wolbachia infections, but that similar patterns of incidence have evolved inde- pendently with different wasp species and Wolbachia strains on the two continents. We found Wolbachia infections in 25/47 species （53%） of fig wasp associated with 25 species of Chinese figs. Phylogenetic analyses of Wotbachia wsp sequences indicated that very similar strains are not obviously found in either closely related or ecologically linked fig wasps species. The extremely high prevalence of Wolbachia in fig wasps （over 50% of species infected） is not constrained by geographical origin and is a recurrent theme of fig wasp/Wolbachia interactions.

关键词： fig wasps horizontal transmission Wolbachia wsp

mobility and sulfidization of heavy metals in sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Taihu, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第5期27卷 1-11页

作者： Shouliang Huo Jingtian Zhang kevin m.Yeager Beidou Xi Yanwen Qin Zhuoshi He Fengchang Wu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Department Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Kentucky

The technique of DGT（diffusive gradients in thin films） using three diffusive gel thicknesses was applied to estimate the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments and porewater of Lake Taihu, China. The DGT results showed significantly positive correlations between Co, Pb, Cd and mn, and Ni and Fe concentrations in porewater. Cu and Zn showed a significantly negative correlation with mn, due to Cu combination with carbonates and Zn derived from agricultural pollution, respectively. The rank order of average concentrations of Co, Ni and Cd at each station was DGT1.92〉DGT0.78〉 DGT0.39, suggesting stronger resupply from sediments to porewater when using thicker diffusive gels. Comparing centrifugation and DGT measurements, Co, Ni and Cd are highly labile; mn and Fe are moderately labile; and Cu, Zn and Pb are slightly labile. The variations of AVS concentrations in sediment cores indicate that metal sulfides in deeper layers are easily diffused into surface sediments.

关键词： Sulfidization process Heavy metals DGT(diffusive gradients in thin films)

molecular analysis of γ1, γ3, and α class switch recombination junctions in APOBEC3-deficient mice using high-throughput sequencing

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2020年第4期17卷 418-420页

作者： Hussein Issaoui mélissa Ferrad Nour Ghazzaui Sandrine Lecardeur Jeanne cook-moreau François Boyer Yves Denizot UmR CNRS 7276 INSERM U1262Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018University of LimogesCBRSrue Pr.Descottes87025 LimogesFrance

Activation-induced deaminase(AID)is required for immunoglobulin(Ig)class switch recombination(CSR),in which the constant(C)μgene of Igm is substituted with C_(γ),C_(ε),or C_(α),thereby generating IgG,IgE,and IgA antibodies,respectively,with new effector functions but the same antigenic specificity.1 AID targets specific DNA switch(S)regions preceding C regions except for Cδ.2 Sμis usually the donor region,while Sγ,ε,αare the acceptor *** deaminates C into U on single-stranded DNA by targeting the WRCY(W=A/T,R=A/G,and Y=C/T)hot motif and,to a lesser extent,the SYC(S=G/C,Y=C/T)cold motif.3,4 AID is a member of the apolipoprotein B editing complex(APOBEC)*** APOBEC genes,a family of evolutionarily conserved cytidine deaminases,APOBEC3 is implicated in diverse cell functions including innate immunity against retroviruses.4 The DNA-editing APOBEC3 enzymes have recently attracted attention due to their involvement in cancer and potential applications in gene editing.5–7 While a single copy of each APOBEC3 gene is present in rodents,seven copies of each APOBEC3 gene are found in humans.

关键词： immunity involvement thereby

A 60-year sedimentary record of natural and anthropogenic impacts on Lake Chenghai,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第4期24卷 602-609页

作者： Fengyu Zan Shouliang Huo Beidou Xi Jingtian Zhang Haiqing Liao Yue Wang kevin m.Yeager School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental ScienceBeijing 100012China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China Department of marine Science University of Southern MississippiStennis Space CenterMS 39529USA

Recent sediments from Lake Chenghai, China, were investigated at high temporal resolution to trace both natural and anthropogenic effects on the lake using total organic carbon （TOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, organic phosphorus （Po）, inorganic phosphorus （Pi） and organic carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes （~13Corg and 615N） in a 137Cs-dated sediment core. The results indicated that the sedimentary record covers the last 60 years, during which the lake had undergone apparent changes in nutrient sources and productivity in response to nutrient loading. Prior to the late 1980s, the nutrient contents in sediments mainly originated from algae and lake productivity was relatively stable. Since the late 1980s, increasing TOC, TN and TP concentrations together with the change of 613Corg and 615N suggested anthropogenic perturbations in nutrient loading and lake productivity. Endogenic nutrients derived from algae and anthropogenic inputs were two important sources of sedimentary nutrients. The anthropogenic nutrients mainly originated from the discharge of industrial wastewater and artificial cultivation of Spirulina after the middle 1980s, and domestic wastewater discharged from Yongsheng County since 1993.

关键词： stable isotope C/N ratio organic matter lake productivity anthropogenic impacts