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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref kevin k.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

MUSCLE RESEARCH WORk WITH BRITTON CHANCE FROM IN VIVO MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY TO NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2011年第3期4卷 227-237页

作者： TAkAFUMI HAMAOkA kevin k.MCCULLY Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University 1-1-1Nojihigashi KusatsuShigaJapan University of Georgia 115 Ramsey Center 330 River RoadAthensGAUSA

Britton Chance has pioneered magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)and near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy(NIRS)as noninvasive methods for measuring muscle metabolism in vivo from the late *** review honoring Britton Chance will highlight the progress that has been made in developing and utilizing MRS and NIRS technologies for evaluating skeletal muscle O_(2) dynamics and *** of MRS and NIRS technology has focused on the validity and reliability of the measurements and extending the methods in physiological and clinical *** Chance has conducted MRS and NIRS research on elite athletes and a number of chronic health conditions,including patients with chronic heart failure,peripheral vascular disease,and neuromuscular *** MRS and NIRS technologies are practical and useful for measuring human muscle metabolism,we will strive to continue Chance's legacy by advancing muscle MRS and NIRS studies.

关键词： Muscle near-infrared spectroscopy magnetic resonance spectroscopy muscle oxygenation muscle energy metabolism phosphorus metabolites intramuscular pH exercise

Residential building performance analysis at near extreme weather conditions in Hong kong through a thermal-comfort-based strategy

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 13-25页

作者： k.F.Fong C.k.Lee kevin ka-Lun Lau Edward Yan Yung Ng Division of Building Science and Technology College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering and Natural Resources Lulea University of TechnologySweden School of Architecture The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The precise building performance assessment of residential housings in subtropical regions is usually more difficult than that for the commercial premises due to the much more complicated behavior of the occupants with regard to the change in indoor *** conventional use of a fixed schedule for window opening,clothing insulation and cooling equipment operation cannot reflect the real situation when the occupants respond to the change in thermal comfort,thus affecting the appropriateness of the assessment *** rectify the situation,a new modeling strategy in which the modification of the various operation schedules was based on the calculated thermal comfort(TC),was developed in this *** this new TC-based strategy,the realistic building performances under different cooling provision scenarios applied to a high-rise residential building under the near extreme weather conditions were investigated and *** was found that sole provision of ventilation fans could not meet the zone thermal comfort by over 68%of the time,and air-conditioning was *** optimal use of ventilation fans for cooling could only help reduce the total cooling energy demand by less than 12%at best which could only be realistically evaluated by adopting the present *** studies were conducted which revealed that some design factors could offer opportunities for reducing the total cooling energy under the near extreme weather conditions.

关键词： predicted mean vote thermal comfort ventilation potential building performance simulation residential housings

Stem cell treatments for oropharyngeal dysphagia:Rationale,benefits,and challenges

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第9期12卷 1001-1012页

作者： Eric k Tran kevin O Juarez Jennifer L Long David Geffen School of Medicine University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Otolaryngology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06511United States Department of Head and Neck Surgery David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System Los AngelesCA 90073United States

Dysphagia,defined as difficulty swallowing,is a common symptom negatively impacting millions of adults *** prevalence ranges from 14 to 33 percent in those over age 65 to over 70 percent in a nursing home *** elderly,those with neurodegenerative diseases,head and neck cancer patients,and those with autoimmune conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome are disproportionately *** dysphagia refers specifically to difficulty in initiating a swallow due to dysfunction at or above the upper esophageal sphincter,and represents a large proportion of dysphagia *** treatments are limited and are often *** cell therapy is a new and novel advancement that may fill a much-needed role in our treatment ***,we review the current literature regarding stem cell treatments for oropharyngeal *** discussed include tissue regeneration advancements as a whole and translation of these principles into research surrounding tongue dysfunction,xerostomia,cricopharyngeal dysfunction,and finally an overview of the challenges and future directions for *** this field of study remains in its early stages,initial promising results show potential for the use of stem cell-based therapies to treat oropharyngeal dysphagia and warrant further research.

关键词： Dysphagia Xerostomia Hemiglossectomy Stem cells Myoblasts Mesenchymal stem cells

A Potential Risk Index Dataset for Landfalling Tropical Cyclones over the Chinese Mainland(PRITC dataset V1.0)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第10期38卷 1791-1802页

作者： Peiyan CHEN Hui YU kevin k.W.CHEUNG Jiajie XIN Yi LU Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Tropical Cyclone of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 20030China The Joint Laboratory for Typhoon Forecasting Technique Applications between Shanghai Typhoon Institute and Wenzhou Meteorological Bureau Wenzhou 325027China Climate and Atmospheric Science NSW Department of Planning Industry and EnvironmentSydney 2000Australia

A dataset entitled“A potential risk index dataset for landfalling tropical cyclones over the Chinese mainland”(PRITC dataset V1.0)is described in this paper,as are some basic statistical *** the severity of the impacts of tropical cyclones(TCs)that make landfall on the Chinese mainland based on observations from 1401 meteorological stations was proposed in a previous study,including an index combining TC-induced precipitation and wind(IPWT)and further information,such as the corresponding category level(CAT_IPWT),an index of TC-induced wind(IWT),and an index of TC-induced precipitation(IPT).The current version of the dataset includes TCs that made landfall from 1949-2018;the dataset will be extended each ***-term trend analyses demonstrate that the severity of the TC impacts on the Chinese mainland have increased,as embodied by the annual mean IPWT values,and increases in TC-induced precipitation are the main contributor to this *** Winnie(1997)and TC Bilis(2006)were the two TCs with the highest IPWT and IPT values,*** PRITC V1.0 dataset was developed based on the China Meteorological Administration’s tropical cyclone database and can serve as a bridge between TC hazards and their social and economic impacts.

关键词： tropical cyclone risk dataset China

Determinants and rates of land degradation： Application of stationary time-series model to data from a semi-arid environment in kenya

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： kevin z mganga dickson m nyariki nashon k r musimba dorothy a amwata department of range and wildlife sciences south eastern kenya university170-90200 KituiKenya department of agricultural economics and agribusiness south eastern kenya university170-90200 KituiKenya school of business and economics murangáuniversity of technology75-10200 MurangaKenya

The causes of land degradation in the African drylands have been shown to vary. Some researchers consider climate to be the major contributor to degradation, with anthropogenic factors playing a minor role. Others reverse the significance of these two factors. A third group attributes land degradation to climate and anthropogenic factors equally. This study was undertaken to establish the factors influencing land degradation in a semi-arid environment in southeastern kenya and the rate of change in vegetation types for a period of 35 years （1973-2007）. The reduction in grassland cover was used as an indicator of land degradation. Causes of land degradation were determined by a multiple regression analysis. A log-linear regression analysis was used to establish the rate of vegetation change. The multiple and log-linear regression analyses showed：（1） woody vegetation, livestock population and cultivated area to be the main contributors of reduction in grassland cover in the area, and （2） an increase in undesirable woody species, livestock population and cultivated area had a significant （P〈0.05） negative effect on grassland vegetation. Increased human population, low amounts of rainfall and drought showed no significant negative effect on grassland vegetation cover. In conclusion, human and livestock population growth and increased agricultural land have contributed to intensive crop cultivation and overgrazing in the semi-arid lands. This overuse of the semi-arid rangelands has worsened the deterioration of the natural grassland vegetation.

关键词： regression analysis land degradation grassland cover semi-arid kenya Sub-Saharan Africa

Is there an anatomical endophenotype for neurodevelopmental disorders? A review of dual disorder anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses of grey matter volumes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3376-3381页

作者： MCALONAN Grainne M YU kevin k CHAN Raymond C k CHUA Siew E CHEUNG Charlton Department of Psychiatry the University of Hong Kong State key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences the University of Hong Kong Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The term "neurodevelopmental disorder" broadly encompasses conditions thought to arise early in development and includes schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism among others. These conditions share a number of genetic and environmental risk factors postulated to lead to common difficulties in socio-emotional processing, communication and cognitive function. The alternative position is that, while the same traits are affected across these conditions, the nature or direction in which they are modified may be distinct. MRI studies provide a rapidly expanding and rich database which we propose can be used to contribute to this debate. Anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE) is a method of meta-analysis applied to voxel-based MRI studies. We have adapted this method to explore the extent to which schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and autism share a common brain structural phenotype. We will review this work here and discuss whether there is sufficient other evidence to justify a common framework for further research into the inter-relatedness of such conditions.

关键词：神经疾病似然估计审查工作解剖精神分裂症稳定质数进修

Graphene coatings for corrosion resistance of nickel and copper in acidic,alkaline and neutral environments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第11期142卷 124-133页

作者： R.k.Singh Raman Abhishek kumar Arya kevin Tomy Faisal A Dip Evelyn Lai Saad Al-Saadi Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityVic 3800Australia Department of Chemical&Biological Engineering Monash UniversityVic 3800Australia

Graphene coatings have been reported to provide impressive corrosion resistance to nickel(Ni)and copper(Cu),because of remarkable characteristics of inertness and impermeablity of ***,as the earlier investigations have generally been carried out in chloride environment,and it is important to understand the performance of graphene coating also in more aggressive environments such as acids and *** study investigated the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of bare and graphene-coated(by chemical vapour deposition(CVD))Ni and Cu in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),0.1 M NaCl and 0.5 M NaOH *** tests and post corrosion characterisation revealed the improvement in the corrosion resistance of Ni due to multilayer graphene coating to be similar in the three solutions,i.e.,the robustness of the barrier property of the multilayer graphene is largely unaffected by the aggressiveness of the corrosive ***,the improvement in corrosion resistance of bare Ni due to multilayer graphene is considerably greater(nearly 3 orders of magnitude)in the most aggressive of the test solutions(0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4)).The improvement is considerably less in 0.5 M NaOH because bare Ni develops a robust passive layer in highly alkaline *** improvement in corrosion resistance of bare Cu is limited(within an order of magnitude)in the three solutions because Cu develops only 1-2 layers of graphene.

关键词： CVD graphene coatings Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) Potentiodynamic polarization(PDP) Raman spectroscopy

Designing high-TC superconductors with BCS-inspired screening,density functional theory,and deep-learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2331-2342页

作者： kamal Choudhary kevin Garrity Material Measurement Laboratory GaithersburgMD20899USA National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899USA Theiss Research La JollaCA92037USA

We develop a multi-step workflow for the discovery of conventional superconductors,starting with a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer inspired pre-screening of 1736 materials with high Debye temperature and electronic density of ***,we perform electron-phonon coupling calculations for 1058 of them to establish a large and systematic database of BCS superconducting *** the McMillan-Allen-Dynes formula,we identify 105 dynamically stable materials with transition temperatures,TC≥5 ***,we analyze trends in our dataset and individual materials including MoN,VC,VTe,kB_(6),Ru_(3)NbC,V_(3)Pt,ScN,LaN_(2),RuO_(2),and *** demonstrate that deep-learning(DL)models can predict superconductor properties faster than direct first-principles ***,we find that by predicting the Eliashberg function as an intermediate quantity,we can improve model performance versus a direct DL prediction of *** apply the trained models on the crystallographic open database and pre-screen candidates for further DFT calculations.

关键词： database BCS faster