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Biophotoelectrochemistry:An emerging frontier for channeling photoelectric effect into darkness zone of soils and sediments

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 5-8页

作者： Jie YE Shungui ZhOU kenneth h.NEALSON Christopher RENSING Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Department of Earth Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90007USA

Solar energy captured by photosynthetic plants in the photic zone is recognized as the main driver for the formation of organic matter utilized by soil communities. however, the contribution of organic transformation to the linkage of solar energy and microbial metabolism of soils is reduced when the vadose zone is saturated. In contrast to the conventional biophotoelectrochemistry via photosynthesis with phytoplankton during the periodic saturation of soils, recent studies suggest that non-phototrophic microorganisms in soils and sediments are able to conduct light-dependent metabolism to sustain their functionality with photosensitizers under illumination. These interactions and processes utilize long-distance electron transfer networks to interconnect diverse electron transfer chains that channel photoexcited electrons into the opaque zone for soil communities. Such an emerging process not only allows for a better understanding of biogeochemical processes such as soil carbon sequestration and mitigation, but also shows great potential for environmental treatment such as the bioremediation of contaminated soils. Therefore, we suggest that biophotoelectrochemistry via photoelectric effect can have significant, heretofore unappreciated, theoretical and practical values.

关键词： soils soil metabolism

Membrane-based treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater:The current state of knowledge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 5-21页

作者： Tiezheng Tong kenneth h. Carlson Cristian A. Robbins Zuoyou Zhang Xuewei Du Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Shale oil and gas exploitation not only consumes substantial amounts of freshwater but also generates large quantities of hazardous wastewater. Tremendous research efforts have been invested in developing membrane-based technologies for the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. Despite their success at the laboratory scale, membrane processes have not been implemented at full scale in the oil and gas fields. In this article, we analyze the growing demands of wastewater treatment in shale oil and gas production, and then critically review the current stage of membrane technologies applied to the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. We focus on the unique niche of those technologies due to their advantages and limitations, and use mechanical vapor compression as the benchmark for comparison. We also highlight the importance of pretreatment as a key component of integrated treatment trains, in order to improve the performance of downstream membrane processes and water product quality. We emphasize the lack of sufficient efforts to scale up existing membrane technologies, and suggest that a stronger collaboration between academia and industry is of paramount importance to translate membrane technologies developed in the laboratory to the practical applications by the shale oil and gas industry.

关键词： Shale oil and gas production Wastewater treatment and reuse Membrane technology Pretreatment Academia-industry collaboration

Transport and humification of dissolved organic matter within a semi-arid floodplain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 24-32页

作者： Wenming Dong Jiamin Wan Tetsu K.Tokunaga Benjamin Gilbert kenneth h.Williams Earth and Environment Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

In order to understand the transport and humification processes of dissolved organic matter（DOM） within sediments of a semi-arid floodplain at Rifle,Colorado,fluorescence excitation–emission matrix（EEM） spectroscopy,humification index（hIX） and specific UV absorbance（SUVA） at 254 nm were applied for characterizing depth and seasonal variations of DOM *** revealed that late spring snowmelt leached relatively fresh DOM from plant residue and soil organic matter down into the deeper vadose zone（VZ）.More humified DOM is preferentially adsorbed by upper VZ sediments,while non-or lesshumified DOM was transported into the deeper ***,DOM at all depths undergoes rapid biological humification process evidenced by the products of microbial by-product-like（i.e.,tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like） matter in late spring and early summer,particularly in the deeper VZ,resulting in more humified DOM（e.g.,fulvic-acid-like and humic-acid-like substances） at the end of *** indicates that DOM transport is dominated by spring snowmelt,and DOM humification is controlled by microbial degradation,with seasonal *** is expected that these relatively simple spectroscopic measurements（e.g.,EEM spectroscopy,hIX and SUVA） applied to depth-and temporally-distributed pore-water samples can provide useful insights into transport and humification of DOM in other subsurface environments as well.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Transport humification Semi-arid Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix

STRONG COMPACTNESS OF APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS TO DEGENERATE ELLIPTIC-hYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS WITh DISCONTINUOUS FLUX FUNCTION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第6期29卷 1573-1612页

作者： helge holden kenneth h. Karlsen Darko Mitrovic Evgueni Yu. Panov Department of Mathematical Sciences Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyNO–7491 Trondheim Norway Centre of Mathematics for Applications University of Oslo P.O. Box 1053 BlindernNO–0316 Oslo Norway Centre of Mathematics for Applications University of OsloP.O. Box 1053 Blindern N–0316 Oslo Norway Faculty of Mathematics University of Montenegro 81000 Podgorica Montenegro Mathematical Analysis Department Novgorod State Universityul. B. St. Peterburgskaya 41 173003 Veliky Novgorod Russia

Under a non-degeneracy condition on the nonlinearities we show that sequences of approximate entropy solutions of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic equations are strongly precompact in the general case of a Caratheodory flux vector. The proofs are based on deriving localization principles for h-measures associated to sequences of measurevalued functions. This main result implies existence of solutions to degenerate parabolic convection-diffusion equations with discontinuous flux. Moreover, it provides a framework in which one can prove convergence of various types of approximate solutions, such as those generated by the vanishing viscosity method and numerical schemes.

关键词： degenerate hyperbolic-elliptic equation degenerate convection-diffusion equation conservation law discontinuous flux approximate solutions compactness

A Physical Origin for Quantum Entanglement and Probabilistic Behaviors

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Journal of Modern Physics 2021年第1期12卷 50-58页

作者： kenneth h. Schatten NASA/GSFC Greenbelt MD USA Now at Ai-Solutions Inc. Lanham MD USA

Quantum Mechanics’ entanglement and probabilistic behaviors are viewed in the light of Quantum Field Theory’s (QFT’s) advances made during the last century. In particular, Bohm’s version (B-EPR) of the Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen (EPR) experiment is now viewed with the aid of QFT’s modern description of electrons. In QFT, free electrons possess a bare core surrounded by a “dressing”. The dressing consists of one or more virtual particles/fields pulled from the vacuum during the bound electron’s parturition. In QFT, a bound electron’s freedom is aided by eliminating its energy losses from bremsstrahlung. The paper develops a “Shimony” numerical model using QFT’s free electron structure with the aid of a “random vector paradigm” (RVP). The RVP simply expresses QFT’s free electron as a bare core surrounded by an EM dressing. Using this RVP, we imbue newly freed electrons with a vector-like EM spin property of 1/2. From this, the Shimony Monte Carlo computer analysis provides a detailed comparison of the B-EPR experiment as described by Bell. The entanglement property can serve to provide a way to transport shared encoded information. Overall, the electron dressing can convey random elements that may provide QM with its entanglement and probabilistic behaviors.

关键词： Quantum Mechanics Entanglement Probability Einstein Electron Origin Structure

POTENTIAL PITFALLS IN USING DNA PROBES TO COUNSEL DUChENNE AND BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPhY FAMILIES

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1992年第6期105卷 469-475页

作者：史怡君 kenneth h. Fischbeck Albert Ritter Neurology Department Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 U.S.A.

Although the accuracy in prenatal diagnosis andcarrier detection with DNA probes in families withDuchenne and Becker's muscular dystrophies is veryhigh,various factors limit the accuracy of these probesin many *** report four potential pitfalls,ie,intragenic recombination,genetic heterogeneity,germline mosaicism,and an evolving genetic defect en-countered in a population of Duchenne and Beckerfamilies,and describe a strategy to incorporate thesefactors into genetic counseling.

关键词： GENE DIAGNOSIS INhERITANCE MUTATIONS LOCUS

Surgical strategy for huge and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in hong Kong

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hepatoma Research 2017年第9期3卷 189-195页

作者： kenneth S.h.Chok Division of hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Department of SurgeryThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

In hong Kong, surgical resection is the core curative treatment for huge and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (hCC). For tumors measuring 10 cm or above, major hepatectomy is usually required, but a future liver remnant not large enough will preclude the operation. hypertrophy of future liver remnant is a way to render more patients operable, and measures include portal vein embolization and associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy. For hCC that has invaded a major vessel, en bloc resection with immediate vessel reconstruction is necessary if thrombectomy would not suffice. In case of bilobar involvement, radiofrequency ablation is a useful adjuctive therapy. In the treatment of extrahepatic metastasis, metastasectomy offers a cure to properly selected patients.

关键词： Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation staged hepatectomy hepatocellular carcinoma liver resection vascular resection and reconstruction radiofrequency ablation

3-D Structure of AIDS Virus Envelope Spikes Revealed by Cryoelectron Tomography

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3-D Structure of AIDS Virus Envelope Spikes Revealed by Cryo...

Life made easy:simplifying reconstruction for dual portal veins in adult right lobe live donor liver transplantation

第二届全国“跨学科蛋白质研究”学术讨论会

作者：朱平 kenneth A.Taylor kenneth h.Roux Center for structural and molecular biology and National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological Science and Institute of Molecular Biophysics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA

Though crystal structures for AIDS virus Env subunit fragments are known,the overall structure of the Env spike and its distribution on virions has remained *** previously obtained electron tomograms of the Env spikes on intact, chemically fixed SIV and hIV-1,using a negative stain technique,which revealed the trimeric nature of the spikes on the

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第5期9卷 547-549页

作者： Albert C.Y.Chan Chung Mau Lo kenneth S.h.Chok See Ching Chan Sheung Tat Fan Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongQueen Mary Hospital

In live donor liver transplantation, anatomical anomalies of the portal vein are more frequently encountered in right lobe than left lobe grafts. Of these, a dual portal vein is one of the most common anatomical anomalies encountered. We hereby report our method of using a recipient portal vein patch after venoplasty for reconstruction in a right lobe graft with separate anterior and posterior portal vein branches.

关键词： live donor liver transplantation portal vein reconstruction dual portal vein