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Well-Posedness of Stochastic Continuity Equations on Riemannian manifolds

第十六届全国分子筛大会

作者：许名灿 kenneth d.m.harris John meurig Thomas 同济大学材料科学与工程学院 School of Chemistry Cardiff University department of materials Science and metallurgy University of Cambridge

＜正＞最近,我们发明了一种新原位固体核磁共振波谱方法。应用该方法,我们能够在体系达到平衡以前（在非平衡态下）即可以跟踪水分子在ZSm-5分子筛上的吸附过程,揭示前所未有的过程细节。实验结果表明,在低温下水分子在分子筛ZSm-5上吸...

＜正＞最近,我们发明了一种新原位固体核磁共振波谱方法。应用该方法,我们能够在体系达到平衡以前（在非平衡态下）即可以跟踪水分子在ZSm-5分子筛上的吸附过程,揭示前所未有的过程细节。实验结果表明,在低温下水分子在分子筛ZSm-5上吸附时,水分子吸附到B酸位,倾向于形成一定大小的团簇;而团簇的大小与性质与平衡分子筛骨架电荷的阳离子有关。对于固体

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Chinese Annals of mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 81-122页

作者： Luca GALImBERTI kenneth H.KARLSEN department of mathematical Sciences NTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway department of mathematics University of OsloP.O.Box 1053BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

The authors analyze continuity equations with Stratonovich stochasticity,■ρ+divh[ρo(u(t,x)+∑_(i=1)^(N)a_(i)(x)w_(i)(t))]=0defined on a smooth closed Riemannian manifold m with metric *** velocity field u is perturbed by Gaussian noise terms Wi(t),:WN(t)driven by smooth spatially dependent vector fields a1(x),...,aN(x)on *** velocity u belongs to L_(t)^(1)W_(x)^(1,2)with divh u bounded in Lf,for p>d+2,where d is the dimension of m(they do not assume div_(h) u∈L_(t,x)^(∞)).For carefully chosen noise vector fields ai(and the number N of them),they show that the initial-value problem is well-posed in the class of weak L^(2) solutions,although the problem can be ill-posed in the deterministic case because of concentration *** proof of this“regularization by noise”result is based on a L^(2) estimate,which is obtained by a duality method,and a weak compactness argument.

关键词： Stochastic continuity equation Riemannian manifold Hyperbolic equa-tion Non-smooth velocity field Weak solution Existence Uniqueness

Unequal distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neglected Tropical diseases: The Role of Funding Evaluation Criteria

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 490-520页

作者： Anne m. G. Neevel kenneth d. S. Fernald Linda H. m. van de Burgwal Athena Institute Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease. However, within the field of neglected tropical diseases some seem far more neglected than others. In this research the aim is to investigate the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding allocation for neglected tropical diseases. methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide range of neglected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of original data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding organizations, concerning evaluation criteria for funding research proposals. Results: The findings reveal a large difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neglected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strategic fit. Private organizations prioritize strategic fit and economic impact;philanthropic organizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public generally prioritize the probability of success by accounting for follow-up funding and involvement of industry. Funding decisions of different types of organizations are highly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding proposals introduces and retains unequal funding distribution, reinforcing the relative neglect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding but application of it as a funding criterion is associated with significant challenges. Furthermore, curre

关键词： Neglected Tropical diseases Funding decision Evaluation Criteria Health Research Funding Research Impact

droplet-based bioprinting enables the fabrication of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite tissue precursors

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Bio-design and manufacturing 2022年第3期5卷 512-528页

作者： marcin Kotlarz Ana m.Ferreira Piergiorgio Gentile Stephen J.Russell kenneth dalgarno School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RUUK School of design University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Composites offer the option of coupling the individual benefits of their constituents to achieve unique material properties,which can be of extra value in many tissue engineering *** combining hydrogelswith fibre-based scaffolds can create tissue constructs with enhanced biological and structural ***,developing efficient and scalable approaches to manufacture such composites is ***,we use a droplet-based bioprinting system called reactive jet impingement(ReJI)to integrate a cell-laden hydrogel with a microfibrous *** system uses microvalves connected to different bioink reservoirs and directed to continuously jet bioink droplets at one another in mid-air,where the droplets react and form a hydrogel that lands on a microfibrous ***–hydrogel–fibre composites are produced by embedding human dermal fibroblasts at two different concentrations(5×10^(6) and 30×10^(6) cells/mL)in a collagen–alginate–fibrin hydrogel matrix and bioprinted onto a fibre-based *** results show that both types of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite maintain high cell viability and promote cell–cell and cell–biomaterial *** lower fibroblast density triggers cell proliferation,whereas the higher fibroblast density facilitates faster cellular organisation and infiltration into the ***,the fibrous component of the composite is characterised by high swelling properties and the quick release of calcium *** data indicate that the created composite constructs offer an efficient way to create highly functional tissue precursors for laminar tissue engineering,particularly for wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Bioprinting Hydrogel–fibre composites High-cell-density hydrogels Composite manufacturing

Advancing proteomics and machine learning in the clinic:an editorial on“Noninvasive proteomic biomarkers for alcohol-related liver disease”

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 762-765页

作者： Courtney d.mcGinnis Brenton I.m.Graham Peter S.harris Kristofer S.Fritz Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALd)is increasingly prevalent throughout the world(1).It remains the leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide and contributes to approximately 6%of global deaths(2).ALd encompasses a wide range of hepatic pathologies,including steatosis,steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and cirrhosis(3).Given the severe lack of therapeutic interventions available to reverse the progression of ALd,it is currently the leading indication for liver transplantation(4).Advancements within the field are needed to identify diagnostic biomarkers for early detection and to develop therapeutics to ameliorate hepatic dysfunction and pathologies associated with ALd.

关键词： hepatic liver mortality

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov d. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Algren m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.G. Alviggi m. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung m. Amerl C.G. Ames d. Amidei S.P. Amor dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.d. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos d. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia m. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos d. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio d. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron d.A. Baron mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

The efficacy of vitamin E in preventing arthrofibrosis after joint replacement

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2024年第2期7卷 145-155页

作者： Yingfang Fan Jean Yuh Sashank Lekkala mehmet d.Asik Andrew Thomson madeline mcCanne mark A.Randolph Antonia F.Chen Ebru Oral harris Orthopaedic Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Orthopaedic Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background:Arthrofibrosis is a joint disorder characterized by excessive scar formation in the joint *** E is an antioxidant with potential anti-fibroblastic *** aim of this study was to establish an arthrofibrosis rat model after joint replacement and assess the effects of vitamin E supplementation on joint ***:We simulated knee replacement in 16 male Sprague–dawley *** immobilized the surgical leg with a suture in full *** control groups were killed at 2 and 12 weeks(n=5 per group),and the test group was supplemented daily with vitamin E(0.2 mg/mL)in their drinking water for 12 weeks(n=6).We performed histological staining to investigate the presence and severity of *** staining andα2-macroglobulin(α2m)enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to assess local and systemic *** weight bearing(total internal reflection)and range of motion(ROm)were collected for functional ***:The ROm and weight-bearing symmetry decreased after the procedure and recovered slowly with still significant deficit at the end of the study for both *** analysis confirmed fibrosis in both lateral and posterior periarticular *** E supplementation showed a moderate anti-inflammatory effect on the local and systemic *** vitamin E group exhibited significant improvement in ROm and weight-bearing symmetry at day 84 compared to the control ***:This model is viable for simulating arthrofibrosis after joint *** E may benefit postsurgical arthrofibrosis,and further studies are needed for dosing requirements.

关键词： arthrofibrosis range of motion total knee arthroplasty vitamin E

The proteome of distal nerves: implication in delayed repair and poor functional recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1998-2006页

作者： Song Guo Raymond m.moore m.Cristine Charlesworth kenneth L.Johnson Robert J.Spinner Anthony J.Windebank Huan Wang department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Proteomics Core Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Chronic denervation is one of the key factors that affect nerve *** axotomy deteriorates the distal nerve stump,causes protein changes,and renders the microenvironment less permissive for *** of these factors/proteins have been individually *** better delineate the comprehensive protein expression profiles and identify proteins that contribute to or are associated with this detrimental effect,we carried out a proteomic analysis of the distal nerve using an established delayed rat sciatic nerve repair *** rats that received immediate repair after sciatic nerve transection served as control,whereas four rats in the experimental group(chronic denervation)had their sciatic nerve repaired after a 12-week *** the rats were sacrificed after 16 weeks to harvest the distal nerves for extracting ***-five micrograms of protein from each sample were fractionated in SdS-PAGE ***-mS/mS analysis was applied to the *** expression levels of nerves on the surgery side were compared to those on the contralateral *** protein with a P value of less than 0.05 and a fold change of 4 or higher was deemed differentially *** the differentially expressed proteins in both groups were further stratified according to the biological processes.A Pubmed search was also conducted to identify the differentially expressed proteins that have been reported to be either beneficial or detrimental to nerve *** Pathway Analysis(IPA)software was used for pathway *** results showed that 709 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the delayed repair group,with a bigger proportion of immune and inflammatory process-related proteins and a smaller proportion of proteins related to axon regeneration and lipid metabolism in comparison to the control group where 478 differentially expressed proteins were *** experimental group also had more beneficial proteins that were d

关键词： chronic axotomy chronic denervation delayed repair distal nerve functional recovery nerve regeneration peripheral nerve prolonged denervation proteome sciatic nerve sciatic nerve transection

A Large Therizinosauroid(dinosauria:Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of Northwestern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第4期81卷 539-549页

作者： LI daqing PENG Cuo YOU Hailu matthew C. LAmANNA Jerald d. harris kenneth J. LACOVARA ZHANG Jianping China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences and Resources Beijing 100083 P. R. China Fossil Research and development Center of the Third Geology and mineral Resources Exploration Academy of Gansu Province Lanzhou Gansu Province 730050 P. R. China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 P. R. China Section of Vertebrate Paleontology Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA dixie State College Science Building Utah 84770 USA Paleontology and Geology Program Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA

We herein describe an associated partial postcranial skeleton of a theropod dinosaur discovered in the Lower Cretaceous Xinminpu Group of the Yujingzi Basin, in the Jiuquan area of Gausu Province, northwestern China. Features of its humerus, such as strongly expanded proximal and distal ends, a well developed medial tuberosity, distal condyles expressed on the humeral cranial surface, and a hypertrophied entepicondyle, definitively establish the therizinosauroid affinities of the specimen. It differs from other therizinosauroids in having a shallow, poorly demarcated glenoid fossa with a prominent rounded and striated tumescence on the dorsomedial surface of its scapular portion, and a pubis with a strongly concave cranial margin. It represents a new taxon, Suzhousaurus megatherioides gen. et sp. nov. Cladistic analysis recovers Suzhousaurus as the sister taxon of Nothronychus mckinleyi from the mid-Cretaceous of western North America; together, they are basal members of the Therizinosauroidea, more derived than the Early Cretaceous Falcarius and Beipiaosaurus but less derived than Alxasaurus and the Therizinosauridae. Along with ＂Nanshiungosaurus＂ bohlini from possibly coeval beds in the mazongshan area of northern-most Gansu, Suzhousaurus represents one of the largest-known Early Cretaceous therizinosauroids, demonstrating that this clade attained considerable body size early in its evolutionary history.

关键词： dinosauria Theropoda Therizinosauroidea Yujingzi Basin Early Cretaceous Jiuquan area Gansu Province China