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epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Acquired Heart Failures Amenable to Surgical Interventions in the Sub-Saharan Africa

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2014年第7期4卷 116-122页

作者： kelechi e. Okonta Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Heart failure (HF) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and indeed worldwide. The management of this condition has largely been thought to be within the domain of the Physician with the Surgeon having little or no role to play. The commonest cause of HF that may require surgical intervention is rheumatic valvular heart disease especially in the young age group while ischaemic heart disease still remains at the low rung of the ladder and interestingly, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is becoming common. Most of the literatures reviewed failed to identify pericardial diseases, though it ranked topmost in the face of tuberculosis and HIV infections in the sub-region, and the other non-cardiac structures as important causes of HF which is amenable to surgical intervention. equally, what have not been clearly identified are the surgical aspects;indeed its sub-classifications into heart and non-heart causes have hitherto not been documented. even though these lists from this review are not exhaustive of the numerous unidentified causes of surgical HF, this would act as stimulus for further and extensive documentation of guideline for the recognition of these sub-classifications of HF amenable to surgery.

关键词： epidemiology and Pathophysiology Heart Failure Surgical Intervention Sub-Saharan Africa

Antidiarrheal activity of Pterocarpus erinaceus methanol leaf extract in experimentally-induced diarrhea

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 147-150页

作者： ezeja Maxwell I ezeigbo Ihechiluru I Madubuike kelechi G Udeh Nkiru e Ukweni Iheanacho A Akomas Stella C Ifenkwe Daniel C Department of Veterinary Physiology Pharmacology and BiochemistryCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichael Okpara University of AgricultureUmudikeAbia StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate the antidiarrheal activity of the methanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus erinaceus in ***:The methanol leaf extract of Ptemcarpus erinaceus was evaluated using different doses(100,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) orally for antidiarrheal activity using castor oil-induced diarrhea,charcoal meal transit lime and castor oil-induced enteropooling in different groups of albino Wistar *** activity of the extract at different doses were compared to diphenoxylate(3 mg/kg) and atropine sulphate(3 mg/kg) which were used as standard reference drugs and also to the distilled water administered negative control group of ***:The extract at the doses used caused a significant(Peduction in the wet faeces passed by the mice in the castor oil-induced diarrhea,decreased the distance travelled by the charcoal meal by up to 54.8%and also caused a dose dependent and significant(Peduction in the intraluminal fluid accumulation in the castor oil-induced enteropooling. Conclusions:Our results indicate that Pterocarpits erinaceus extract produced significant antidiarrheal activity and the action may attribute to inhibition of gastrointestinal movement and fluid secretion.

关键词： Pterocarpus erinaceus Castor oil entropooling Diarrhea Charcoal meal Diphenoxylate Atropine sulphate

Design of a Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring System Using Arduino and ThingSpeak

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 151-169页

作者： Anabi Hilary kelechi Mohammed H.Alsharif Chidumebi Agbaetuo Osichinaka UbadikeAlex Aligbe Peerapong Uthansakul Raju Kannadasan Ayman A.Aly Department of Aerospace engineering College of EngineeringAirForce Institute of TechnologyKadunaNigeria Department of electrical engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of electrical engineering and Information engineering College of EngineeringCovenant UniversityCanaanlandOtaP.M.B 1023OgunNigeria School of Telecommunication engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailand Department of electrical and electronics engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai602117India Department of Mechanical engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

The impact of daily emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants of machines and industries on human health and the environment has attracted increasing *** impact has significantly led to a notable increase in mortality in the highly industrialized ***,monitoring air quality and creating public awareness are important for a safer future,which led the governments globally to investmulti-billion in policymaking and solution stratification to address the *** study aims to design a realtime Internet of Things low-cost air quality monitoring *** system utilizes air quality and carbon monoxide sensors for monitoring gaseous ***,the system utilizes an Arduino Nano development board equipped with a WiFi module to effectively send readings to a ThingSpeak online channel platformfor instantaneous and real-time display of air *** ThingSpeak uses HTTP protocols to send emails in raising awareness of poor air *** level of concentration is monitored graphically through channels with the help of ThingSpeak to aid remote *** value is ***,when pollutants have become unhealthy and harmful,the system trips off an alarm,and e-mail notifications are sent to the *** results have shown that the work was successfully implemented a design of a low-cost air quality monitoring system using Arduino and ThingSpeak,showing that an air quality system can be implemented using a low-cost technology,Arduino and ThingSpeak.

关键词： IoT air quality MQ 135 sensor MQ-7 sensor air pollution

Heavy Metals in Soils and Plants around Industries in Agbara Industrial estate, Ogun State, Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and environment Protection 2018年第12期6卷 61-69页

作者： Franklin e. Odili kelechi L. Njoku Adetokunbo Soyoye environmental Biology Research Unit Department of Cell Biology and Genetics University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Indiscriminate handling and disposal of industrial effluents into the environment represents one of the major sources of environmental pollution which invariably affect plants, animals and humans. This study assessed heavy metal concentration in soils and plants around industries in Agbara industrial estate, Ogun State, Nigeria. Soil and plant samples were collected from four industries and analyzed for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). The pH, organic matter content and cation exchange capacity of the soil samples, as well as bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) of the plant samples were examined. The heavy metal concentration order of the soil and plant samples was Pb ?1, 50 mg kg?1, 10 mg kg?1 and 50 mg kg?1 respectively) while Cd was above WHO tolerance limit (3 mg kg?1). Also, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Cr in most plant samples were above WHO tolerance limits (10 mg kg?1, 0.30 mg kg?1, 10 mg kg?1 and 1.5 mg kg?1 respectively). Statistical differences (P Cyperus iria, Alternanthera sessilis, C. esculentus, A. brasiliana, and Megathyrsus maximus are probable accumulators of heavy metals.

关键词： environment Pollution Heavy Metals Industries Bioaccumulators

Human biomonitoring of novel brominated flame retardants:A review on invasive and non-invasive biomarkers

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emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 374-385页

作者： Oluwatoyin M.Olagoke Temilola O.Oluseyi kelechi L.Njoku Stuart Harrad Mohamed Abou-elwafa Abdallah Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos101017Nigeria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos101017Nigeria School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUnited Kingdom

Novel brominated flame retardants(NBFRs)are a group of chemicals applied mainly as alternatives to the phased-out polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDes).However,toxicological studies show that NBFRs may pose health risks similar to *** present study reviews available information on the biomonitoring of NBFRs and their metabolites in humans through invasive and non-invasive biomarkers,as well as the toxicological effects of these chemicals both in vivo and in *** general,higher concentrations of NBFRs were reported in tissues of occupationally exposed adults from NBFR production facilities,e-waste recycling facilities and inhabitants living close to these areas,compared to the general *** is worth noting that NBFR human biomonitoring data are limited to few countries located in North America,europe and Asia,while data from developing countries are *** from in vivo and in vitro toxicity studies show that several NBFRs can cause adverse health effects through various modes of action,mainly:hormone disruption,genotoxicity,endocrine disruption,and behavioural *** few studies have investigated the biotransformation of NBFRs in humans,evidence suggests that the toxicity of some NBFRs may be augmented through their metabolites,as in the case of 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid(TBBA),which may exhibit higher toxicity than its parent compound 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(eH-TBB).More research is required to assess toxicity thresholds,toxic endpoints,and tolerable intakes for various NBFRs,and their metabolites in *** epidemiological studies are highly recommended to further understand the risk arising from human exposure to different NBFRs,particularly in occupational settings.

关键词： NBFRs Human biomonitoring Human exposure Biomarkers Metabolites

Cryotherapy and ankle motion in chronic venous disorders

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Open Journal of Nursing 2012年第4期2卷 379-387页

作者： Teresa J. kelechi Martina Mueller Jane G. Zapka Dana e. King Biostatistics and Bioepidemiology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA College of Nursing Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA Department of Family Medicine West Virginia University Morgantown USA

This study compared ankle range of motion (AROM) including dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion, and venous refill time (VRT) in leg skin inflamed by venous disorders, before and after a new cryotherapy ulcer prevention treatment. Fifty-seven individuals participated in the randomized clinical trial;28 in the experimental group and 29 received usual care only. Results revealed no statistically significant differences between the experimental and usual care groups although AROM measures in the experimental group showed a consistent, non-clinically relevant decrease compared to the usual care group except for dorsiflexion. Within treatment group comparisons of VRT results showed a statistically significant increase in both dorsiflexion and plantar flexion for patients with severe VRT in the experimental group (6.9 ± 6.8;p = 0.002 and 5.8 ± 12.6;p = 0.02, respectively). Cryotherapy did not further restrict already compromised AROM, and in some cases, there were minor improvements.

关键词： Cryotherapy Ankle Range of Motion Chronic Venous Disorders Chronic Venous Insufficiency Venous Refill Time

Integrated Geological and Geophysical Mapping for Groundwater Potential Studies at ekwegbe-Agu and environs, enugu State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第4期14卷 513-547页

作者： Charles Chibueze Ugbor Ugochukwu Kingsley Ogbodo Osita kelechi eze Department of Geology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The study integrates both the geological and geophysical mapping techniques for groundwater potential studies at ekwegbe-Agu and the environs, enugu state, Nigeria for optimal citing of borehole. Located in the Anambra Basin between latitudes 6˚43'N and 6˚47'N and longitudes 7˚28'e and 7˚32'e, it is stratigraphycally underlain by, from bottom to top, the enugu/Nkporo, Mamu and Ajali Formation respectively, a complex geology that make citing of productive borehole in the area problematic leading to borehole failure and dry holes due to inadequate sampling. The study adopted a field and analytic sampling approach, integrating field geological, electrical resistivity and self-potential methods. The software, SedLog v3.1, InterpexIx1Dv.3, and Surfer v10 were employed for the data integration and interpretation. The result of the geological field and borehole data shows 11 sedimentary facies consisting of sandstone, shales and heterolith of sandstone/shale, with the aquifer zone mostly prevalent in the more porous sand-dominated horizons. Mostly the AK and HK were the dominant curve types. An average of 6 geo-electric layers were delineated across all transects with resistivity values ranging from 25.42 - 105.85 Ωm, 186.38 - 3383.3 Ωm, and 2992 - 6286.4 Ωm in the enugu, Mamu and Ajali Formations respectively. The resistivity of the main aquifer layer ranges from 1 to 500 Ωm. The aquifer thickness within the study area varies between 95 and 140 m. The western and northwestern part of the study area which is underlain mainly by the Ajali Formation showed the highest groundwater potential in the area and suitable for citing productive boreholes.

关键词： Seismic ekwegbe-Agu Groundwater Resistivity Field Mapping Borehole Logging

Petrology and Geochemistry of Basement Complex Rocks in Okom-Ita Area, Oban Massif, Southeastern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第4期5卷 394-407页

作者： kelechi Denis Opara Young e. Obioha Samuel Okechukwu Onyekuru Chikwendu Okereke Sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Department of Geosciences Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The determination of the mineralogical composition of rocks that underlie Okom-Ita area, in Oban Massif became necessary for the interpretation of the petrogenesis and protoliths of rocks in the area. Twelve representative rock samples were selected for thin section petrography and bulk rock geochemical analysis. The results reveal that the dominant intrusive rocks in Okom-Ita area are pegmatites, quartz veins and dolerites emplaced within gneisses, schists and phyllites host rocks. The quartz veins and pegmatites are leucocratic consisting predominantly of quartz, plagioclase and subordinate amount of Muscovites. The dolerite is dark grey, fine to medium grained and texturally ophitic and consists dominantly of pyroxenes, olivine and opaques. Three varieties of gneisses were recognized: feldspathic, banded and biotite gneisses. The gneisses, schists, and phyllites are dominated by SiO2 in the range of (60% - 75%). The rocks exhibit higher molecular concentration {Al2O3 > (CaO + Na2O + K2O)}, high alkali concentration with Na2O > K2O, high Al2O3 to alkali ratios and low TiO2, CaO and MgO concentrations. These distribution trends suggest a compensation for the high silica and alumina concentrations and support a granitic protolith for the pegmatites and their host gneisses and schists. The dolerites and amphibolites are impoverished in SiO2, but relatively enriched in lime and alkali oxides. Plots in the AFM, TiO2-K2O-P2O5 and Na2O/Al2O3-K2O/Al2O3 diagrams show that the pegmatite was derived from calc-alkaline magmatic source, while the dolerite was derived from tholeiitic basalt magma.

关键词： Okom-Ita Oban Massif Petrology Geochemistry Petrogenesis Protolith Tectonics

Bluetooth<sup>TM</sup>enabled Acceleration Tracking (BeAT) mHealth System: Validation and Proof of Concept for Real-Time Monitoring of Physical Activity

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e-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2013年第3期2卷 49-57页

作者： Aleksey Shaporev Mathew Gregoski Vladimir Reukov Teresa kelechi David Morgan Kwartowitz Frank Treiber Alexey Vertegel Bioengineering Department Clemson University Clemson USA College of Nursing Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA

Physical activity is critical to improve the condition of patients with chronic leg and foot ulcers, especially those who are obese and experienced multiple co-morbid conditions. Unfortunately, these individuals are unable to engage in guideline based physical activity (PA) programs. A prototype of BluetoothTM enabled acceleration tracking (BeAT) mHealth system was developed and manufactured for remote monitoring and stimulation of adherence to PA in deconditioned patients. The system consists of a miniature accelerometer-based sensor, smartphone application, and a network service. Validation testing showed high reliability and reproducibility of the BeAT sensors. Pilot study with human subjects demonstrated high accuracy of the BeAT system in recognition of different exercises and calculating overall outcomes of PA. Taken together, these results indicate that BeAT system could become a valuable tool for realtime monitoring of PA in deconditioned patients.

关键词： mHealth Accelerometer Sensor Physical Activity Monitoring