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Role of proning and positive end-expiratory pressure in COVId-19

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2021年第5期10卷 183-193页

作者： kejal d gandhi Munish Sharma Pahnwat Tonya Taweesedt Salim Surani department of Medicine Georgetown University/Medstar Washington Hospital CenterWashigtonDC 20010United States department of Medicine Corpus Christi Medical CenterCorpus ChristiTX 78412United States department of Medicine Texas A&M UniversityCorpus ChristiTX 78404United States

The novel coronavirus,which was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in early 2020 has brought with itself major morbidity and *** has increased hospital occupancy,heralded economic turmoil,and the rapid transmission and community spread have added to the burden of the *** of the patients are admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)for acute hypoxic respiratory failure often secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARdS).Based on the limited data available,there have been different opinions about the respiratory mechanics of the ARdS caused by coronavirus disease 2019(COVId-19).Our article provides an insight into COVId-19 pathophysiology and how it differs from typical *** on these differences,our article explains the different approach to ventilation in COVId-19 ARdS compared to typical *** critically analyze the role of positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)and proning in the ICU *** the limited data and clinical experience are available,we believe that early proning in COVId-19 patients improves oxygenation and optimal PEEP should be titrated based on individual lung compliance.

关键词： COVId-19 Acute respiratory distress syndrome Positive end-expiratory pressure Proning Ventilation management Acute respiratory distress syndrome Intensive care unit

Effect of KiwiBiotic on functional constipation and related symptoms:A prospective,single-center,randomized,comparative,crossover study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 40-49页

作者： Ashwin d Porwal Paresh M gandhi deepak K Kulkarni Gajanan B Bhagwat Pravin P Kamble department of Proctology Healing Hands ClinicMahārāshtraPune 411001India R&d Center Healing Hands and Herbs Pvt.Ltd.MahārāshtraPune 411002India

BACKGROUNd Functional constipation(FC)is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and bloating,which can greatly affect the quality of life of *** treatments often yield suboptimal results,leading to the exploration of alternative therapeutic *** To evaluate the efficacy of KiwiBiotic in the management of FC and related *** This prospective,interventional,single-center,crossover study compared the safety and effectiveness of KiwiBiotic®vs psyllium husk in managing FC,abdominal pain,and *** diagnosed with FC were randomly assigned to receive KiwiBiotic or psyllium husk during the two treatment periods,with a 14-day washout period between *** Seventy participants were enrolled,32 of whom received KiwiBiotic followed by psyllium husk,and 33 received *** showed superiority over psyllium husk in alleviating abdominal pain and bloating,as evidenced by significantly lower mean ***,KiwiBiotic resulted in more than 90.0%of patients experiencing relief from various constipation symptoms,while psyllium husk showed comparatively lower *** KiwiBiotic is an effective treatment option for FC,abdominal pain,and bloating,highlighting its potential as a promising alternative therapy for patients with FC and its associated symptoms.

关键词： KiwiBiotic Psyllium husk Constipation Abdominal pain Bloating

Efficacy of a diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (dSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： deepti Khanna kejal Joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek department of R&d Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (dSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of dSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of dSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC). Test and control received 60 g of dSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. during the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received dSNS with lifestyle counselling (dSNS + LC) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of dSNS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). dSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by dSNS + LC versus LC alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that dSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under Curve Lifestyle Counselling

Unveiling resveratrol’s potential:Navigating the landscape of autoimmune diseases

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Clinical Traditional Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第3期5卷 87-95页

作者： Keshava Jetha Arya Vyas Ashutosh Tripathi Jeet gandhi Vivek Chavda department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology L.M.College of PharmacyAhmedabad380009GujaratIndia Ph.d.Section Gujarat Technological UniversityAhmedabad382424GujaratIndia Ph.d.Section Kadi Sarva VishvavidyalayaGandhinagar382024GujaratIndia

Background:Autoimmune diseases pose a multifaceted challenge in the realm of medical science,warranting in-novative approaches for their ***,a naturally ccurring compound found in various dietary sources,has captured attention for its potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory ***-standing the interplay between autoimmune diseases and resveratrol is crucial for exploring novel therapeutic ***:This review aims to explore the intricate relationship between autoimmune diseases and *** seeks to provide insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of autoimmune diseases,emphasizing the necessity for innovative therapeutic ***,it aims to comprehensively discuss the pharmacological properties of resveratrol and its potential applications in managing autoimmune ***:A structured review approach was employed to organize the content into distinct *** literature searches were conducted to gather information on autoimmune diseases,the pharmacology of resvera-trol,and its effects on immune regulation,inflammation,and oxidative *** and clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of resveratrol in managing specific autoimmune diseases was critically ***:Resveratrol demonstrates immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects,which are rel-evant to autoimmune disease *** properties impact immune cell regulation,pro-inflammatory cytokines,inflammatory mediators,and oxidative stress,potentially ameliorating autoimmune *** studies present promising evidence for the efficacy of resveratrol in conditions such as rheumatoid arthri-tis,systemic lupus erythematosus,multiple sclerosis,and inflammatory bowel disease,albeit further research is necessary to determine its safety and optimal ***:The review underscores the promising potential of resveratrol in autoimmune disease *** targeting k

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Resveratrol Immunomodulation Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Clinical trials Translational research

Efficacy of a diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement on Glycemic, Anthropometric, dietary and Gut Health Markers in Adults with Type 2 diabetes: An RCT

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： deepti Khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abirami Vasudevan Sudha Rajagopal Gayatri kejal Joshi-Reddy Jaladhi Bhatt Raman Ganesh Jeevan Karthikeyan Parkavi Vadivel deepika Manoj Pareek Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan R&d department Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India department of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India department of diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With increasing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutrition supplements (dSNS) is common for better management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week dSNS supplementation on glycemic markers, anthropometry, lipid profile, SCFAs, and gut microbiome in individuals with diabetes. Markers studied were glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Prandial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incremental Area under curve (iAUC), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Time in/above Range (TIR/TAR)], anthropometry [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)], lipid profile, diet and gut health [plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)]. N = 210 adults were randomized to receive either dSNS with standard care (dSNS + SC;n = 105) or standard care alone (SC alone;n = 105). After 12 weeks, significant differences between dSNS + SC versus SC alone was observed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and WC [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1C and low-density lipoprotein (LdL) were significantly reduced in dSNS + SC [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] respectively with no change in control. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) reported significant differences between dSNS + SC versus SC alone for mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p dl;p = 0.04], TAR 250 [−3 ± 27 vs 9 ± 38 mg/dl;p = 0.05], iAUC [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly reduced for both dSNS + SC (−19 ± 67;p d SC alone (−8 ± 70;p = 0.04), with reduction being more pronounced for dSNS + SC. dSNS + SC reported a decrease in carbohydrate energy % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p d amount [−47.4 (−67.1, −27.7) g;p d dietary fiber [9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p d protein energy % [0.9 (0.5, 1.3) %;p dSNS + SC reported signi

关键词： diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement Standard of Care diabetes Glycemic Markers HbA1C

Enhancement of solubility and mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid through hydrotropy

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第5期10卷 739-745页

作者： S.THENESHKUMAR d.GNANAPRAKASH N.NAGENdRA gandhi department of Chemical Engineering St. Peter's Engineering CollegeChennai 600054 India department of Chemical Engineering Alagappa College of Technology Anna UniversityChennai 600025 India

This study deals with the effect of hydrotropes on the solubility and mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid. The solubility and mass transfer studies were performed using the hydrotropes, i.e., sodium acetate, sodium salicylate, citric acid, and urea at concentrations of 0-3.0 mol/L and system temperatures of 303-333 K. It was found that the solubility and mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid increases with increase in hydrotrope concentration and also with system temperature. All hydrotropes used in this work showed an enhancement in solubility and mass transfer coefficient to different degrees. The maximum enhancement factor values were determined for all hydrotropes used in this study. The highest value was 28.08 for solubility studies and 10.42 for mass transfer studies. The performance of hydrotropes was measured in terms of the Setschenow constant （Ks）. The highest value observed was 0.696.

关键词： Hydrotropy Hydrotropes Solubilization Mass transfer coefficient Separation

Carbon disulphide Induced Sensitivity Changes of Rat Anococcygeus Muscle to Noradrenaline(NA)

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1993年第3期6卷 223-230页

作者： d.N.gandhi H.VENKATAKRISHNA-BHATT department Department of Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016Indiaof Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016India

The sensitivity of rat anococcygeus muscle to noradrenaline (NA) was reduced following carbon disulphide (CS2) pretreatment. Preparations incubated in excess Ca++ (4.2 mrnol-L-1) or Zero Ca++ (***-L-1) media showed decrease in sensitivity to NA. Reserpinization failed to induce supersensitivity to NA in any Mg+ + concentration in the media. Reserpinized tissue in Mg++ free media with EdTA showed increased sensitivity while decreased sensitivity and maximum response to NA in Mg+ + (1.2 mmol-L-1) and excess Mg+ + (3.6mmol-1 ') concentration of the medium. In the presence of EdTA, the inhibition observed with CS2 in excess Mg+ + (3.6m mol-L-1') medium was comparatively much less in both non-reserpinized and reserpinized preparations. In normal Ca++ and its deficient medium decrease in sensitivity to CS2 and the relevant maximum response to NA were observed. In excess Ca + +, the CS2 effect depressed corresponding to its maximal response to NA. Thus CS2 may be inhibiting responses to NA by interfering with Ca+ + utilization.

关键词：工业溶剂二硫化碳 CS2 大鼠肛尾肌肉去甲肾上腺素痉挛反应敏感性变化慢性毒性

Reference gene panel for urinary exosome-based molecular diagnostics in patients with kidney disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 62-72页

作者： deendayal d Mishra Pramod K Maurya Swasti Tiwari department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUNd Kidney disease is a severe complication of diabetes that often leads to end-stage renal *** diagnosis is crucial for prevention or ***,the current diagnostic methods,with their limitations in detecting the disease in its early stages,underscore the urgency and importance of finding new *** encapsulated inside urinary exosomes(UEs)have potential as early biomarkers for kidney *** need for reference miRNAs for accurate interpretation currently limits their translational *** To identify consistently expressing reference miRNAs from UEs of controls and patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus(T2dM)and biopsy-confirmed kidney *** miRNA profiling was performed on UEs from 31 human urine samples using a rigorous and unbiased *** UEs were isolated from urine samples collected from healthy individuals(n=6),patients with T2dM(n=13),and T2dM patients who also had kidney diseases(including diabetic nephropathy,n=5;membranous nephropathy,n=5;and IgA nephropathy,n=2)through differential *** characterizing the UEs,miRNA expression profiling using microarray technology was *** Microarray data analysis identified 14 miRNAs that were consistently expressed in UEs from 31 human samples,representing various kidney conditions:diabetic controls,diabetic nephropathy,membrane nephropathy,IgA nephropathy,and healthy *** in silico analysis,we determined that 10 of these miRNAs had significant potential to serve as reference genes in *** We identified uniformly expressing UE miRNAs that could serve as reference genes kidney disease biomarkers.

关键词： miRNA Microarray Urinary exosomes diabetic nephropathy Type 2 diabetes mellitus Kidney disease

Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

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结构与土木工程前沿:英文版 2023年第6期17卷 935-947页

作者： Uday BOddEPALLI Indu Siva Ranjani gandhi Biranchi PANdA department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India Sustainable Resources for Additive Manufacturing(SReAM)Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India

Extrudability is one of the most critical factors when designing three-dimensional printable foam *** extrusion process likely affects the foam stability which necessitates the investigation into surfactant properties particularly for concrete mixes with high foam *** many studies have been conducted on traditional foam concrete in this context,studies on three-dimensional printed foam concrete are *** address this research gap,the effects of surfactant characteristics on the stability,extrudability,and buildability of three-dimensional printed foam concrete mixes with two design densities(1000 and 1300 kg/m^(3))using two different surfactants and stabilizers(synthetic-based sodium lauryl sulfate stabilized with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt,and natural-based hingot surfactant stabilized with xanthan gum)were investigated in this *** density tests were conducted before and after the extrusion to determine stability of the foam *** results were then correlated with surfactant qualities,such as viscosity and surface tension,to understand the importance of key parameters in three-dimensional printing of foam *** on the experimental results,surfactant solu1tion with viscosity exceeding 5 m Pa·s and surface tension lower than 31 mN/m was recommended to yield stable three-dimensional printable foam concrete ***,the volume of foam in the mix significantly affected the printability *** traditional foam concrete,the variation in the stabilizer concentration and density of concrete were found to have insignificant effect on the fresh-state-characteristics(slump,slump flow,and static yield stress)and air void microstructure of the stable mixes.

关键词： foam concrete 3d printable concrete stability rheology air void microstructure