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Factors controlling nutrient availability to the developing fetus in ruminants

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 205-214页

作者： Kathrin A Dunlap Jacob D Brown Ashley B keith M Carey Satterfield Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University2471 TAMU College Station

Inadequate delivery of nutrients results in intrauterine growth restriction （IUGR）, which is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in livestock. In ruminants, inadequate nutrition during pregnancy is often prevalent due to frequent utilization of exensive forage based grazing systems, making them highly susceptible to changes in nutrient quality and availability. Delivery of nutrients to the fetus is dependent on a number of critical factors including placental growth and development, utero-placental blood flow, nutrient availability, and placenta metabolism and transport capacity. Previous findings from our laboratory and others, highlight essential roles for amino acids and their metabolites in supporting normal fetal growth and development, as well as the critical role for amino acid transporters in nutrient delivery to the fetus. The focus of this review will be on the role of materna nutrition on placental form and function as a regulator of fetal development in ruminants.

关键词： Intrauterine growth restriction Nutrient transport Placenta Ruminant

Classifying coke using CT scans and landmark multidimensional scaling

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第1期10卷 160-172页

作者： keith Nesbitt Fayeem Aziz Merrick Mahoney Stephan Chalup Bishnu P.Lamichhane School of Information and Physical Sciences Universityof NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia

One factor that limits development of fundamental research on the infuence of coke microstructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that microstructure is both classifed and distributed in three *** support such fundamental studies,this study evaluated a novel volumetric approach for classifying small(approx.450μm^(3))blocks of coke microstructure from 3D computed tomography *** automated process for classifying microstructure blocks was *** is based on Landmark Multi-Dimensional Scaling and uses the Bhattacharyya metric and k-means *** approach was evaluated using 27 coke samples across a range of coke with diferent properties and reliably identifed 6 ordered class of coke microstructure based on the distribution of voxel intensities associated with structural *** lower class(1–2)subblocks tend to be dominated by pores and thin ***,there is an increase in wall thickness and reduced pore sizes in the higher *** features are also likely to be seen in higher classes(5–6).In general,this approach provides an efcient automated means for identifying the 3D spatial distribution of microstructure in CT scans of coke.

关键词： Coke Microstructure Clustering Classifcation Computer tomography

To “tell or not to tell”——Exploring disclosure about medicine use by people living with sleep disorders

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第4期20卷 338-347页

作者： Vibha Malhotra Joanna Harnett Erica McIntyre Amie Steel keith Wong Bandana Saini School of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia The Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine School of Public Healththe University of TechnologySydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia Institute for Sustainable Futures the University of TechnologySydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research the University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2037Australia Sydney Medical School Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia Department of Respiratory&Sleep Medicine Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNew South Wales 2050Australia

Objective: To explore the difference in rates and reasons for disclosure of either conventional or complementary medicine(CM) to healthcare practitioners between people living with sleep disorders(SDs) and those without ***: A cross-sectional survey(N = 2019 adults) that measured sociodemographic characteristics,health status, health service utilisation, health literacy and health communication(medicine disclosure)of a representative sample of Australians was conducted. Data from participants reporting an SD(n = 265)were compared to those not reporting an SD to assess measures of health communication and disclosure about medicine ***: Overall, rates of medicine disclosure to both conventional and CM practitioners were high, in respondents with(70%) and without an SD(57%). Those reporting an SD had higher expectations of their conventional health practitioner’s knowledge of CM, associated clinical decision-making skills, and approval of CM use, and held a higher degree of concern about drug interactions(P < 0.05). The main reasons cited for disclosing CM use to conventional health practitioners and conventional medicine use to CM practitioners were “I want them to fully understand my health status” and“I was concerned about drug interactions with the CMs used.”Conclusion: The high rate of medicine use disclosure by people with SDs is driven by an intention to inform their healthcare practitioner about their health status and concerns about potential medicine interactions. Therefore, research about the expectations that people with an SD have of their conventional healthcare practitioners’ knowledge of CM and CM-drug interactions requires further ***, further examination of CM practitioner’s conventional medicine knowledge is encouraged.

关键词： Medicine disclosure Complementary medicine Drug interactions Sleep disorder Patient safety Cross-sectional survey

Rapid reduction in migration distance in relation to climate in a long-distance migratory bird

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 233-235页

作者： Anders Pape MOLLER Tim VAN NUS keith A.HOBSON Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversite Paris-SaclayOrsay Cedex F-91405France Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Chassestraat 34-2 Amsterdam NL-1057JGThe Netherlands Department-Biology and Environment and Climate Change Canada University of Western OntarioRoom 2025 BGS Building1151 Richmond StreetLondonONCanada N6A 5B7

Migratory birds likely evolved from residents as a consequence of intraspecific competition for limiting resources followed by dispersal of such individuals to novel sites that had previously not been occupied by migr... 详细信息

关键词： likely occupied consequence

Physical Training and Cardioprotection

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中国运动医学杂志 2003年第4期22卷 378-382页

作者： keith L.March Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine Krannert Institute of Cardiology Indiana University School of Medicine

Experimental, clinical and epidemiologic studies have provided strong evidence that physical training has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that exercise increases coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion. Importantly, training also can stimulate angiogenesis and accelerate collateral vessel growth in animal models with coronary artery occlusion. Cardiac adaptation such as increased vascularity or capillary density has been evidenced after regular endurance exercises. More recently, several studies indicate that physical training induces high levels of myocardial heat shock protein and antioxidant protein expression, which may play an important role in myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

关键词：心脏保护体育疗法血管生成心肌缺血再灌注损伤

Numerical Investigation and Uncertainty Analysis of Eastern China's Large-Scale Urbanization Effect on Regional Climate

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第6期35卷 1023-1040页

作者： Jiping QUAN Yongkang XUE Qingyun DUAN Zhenxin LIU keith WOLESON Ye LIU Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China Department of Geography University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department ofAtmospheric&Oceanic Sciences University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering College of Hydrology and Water ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCO 80307USA

Eastern China has experienced rapid urbanization during the past four decades,and it is necessary to understand the impacts of the urbanization on the regional *** simulations with either regional climate models(RCMs)or general circulation models have produced inconsistent and statistically non-significant urbanization effects on precipitation during the East Asian summer *** the studies with RCMs,reanalysis data were used as the lateral boundary conditions(LBCs)for both urban and non-urban *** the same LBCs may limit the urbanization effect,in this study,the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model nested within the Global Forecast System(GFS),both of which were coupled with an urban canopy model,were used to explore the urbanization effect over eastern *** WRF’s LBCs in the runs with/without urbanization were provided by the corresponding GFS runs with/without *** results showed a significant decrease in precipitation over North China,mainly due to a marked decrease in evaporation and the divergence induced by the reduced latent heating in the mid and upper atmosphere,from the experiment with ***,to the north and south of the large-scale urbanization areas,especially to the south of the Yangtze River,precipitation increased significantly due to largescale urbanization-induced circulation *** the same LBCs for the WRF runs with/without urbanization,the urbanization effects were limited only to urban and nearby areas;no significant change was found to the south of the Yangtze River,since the same LBCs hampered the effects of urbanization on large-scale *** addition,this study demonstrated that the urban fraction may be a key factor that affects the intensity of the urbanization effect within the urban areas.

关键词： urbanization effect regional climate model uncertainty analysis lateral boundary condition urban fraction

Enhancement of THz generation in LiNbO_(3) waveguides via multi-bounce velocity matching

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第12期11卷 2994-3001页

作者： Blake S.Dastrup Eric R.Sung Frank Wulf Clara Saraceno keith A.Nelson Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Ruhr University BochumBochum 44801Germany

To realize the full promise of terahertz polaritonics(waveguide-based terahertz field generation,interaction,and readout)as a viable spectroscopy platform,much stronger terahertz fields are needed to enable nonlinear and even robust linear terahertz *** use a novel geometric approach in which the optical pump is totally internally reflected to increase the distance over which optical rectification *** matching is achieved by tuning the angle of internal *** doing this,we are able to enhance terahertz spectral amplitude by over 10x compared to conventional single-pass terahertz *** analysis of the depletion mechanisms reveals that 3-photon absorption and divergence of the pump beam are the primary limiters of further *** level of enhancement is promising for enabling routine spectroscopic measurements in an integrated fashion and is made more encouraging by the prospect of further enhancement by using longer pump wavelengths.

关键词： pump waveguide tuning

Cloud computing for integrated stochastic groundwater uncertainty analysis

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第4期6卷 313-337页

作者： Yong Liu Alexander Y.Sun keith Nelson Wesley E.Hipke National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Bureau of Economic Geology University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Arizona Department of Water Resources PhoenixAZUSA

One of the major scientific challenges and societal concerns is to make informed decisions to ensure sustainable groundwater availability when facing deep uncertainties.A major computational requirement associated with this is on-demand computing for risk analysis to support timely *** paper presents a scientific modeling service called‘ModflowOnAzure’which enables large-scale ensemble runs of groundwater flow models to be easily executed in parallel in the Windows Azure *** technical issues were addressed,including the conjunctive use of desktop tools in MATLAB to avoid license issues in the cloud,integration of Dropbox with Azure for improved usability and‘Drop-and-Compute,’and automated file exchanges between desktop and the *** scientific use cases are presented in this paper using this service with significant computational *** case is from Arizona,where six plausible alternative conceptual models and a streamflow stochastic model are used to evaluate the impacts of different groundwater pumping *** case is from Texas,where a global sensitivity analysis is performed on a regional groundwater availability *** of both cases show informed uncertainty analysis results that can be used to assist the groundwater planning and sustainability study.

关键词： MODFLOW groundwatersustainability uncertaintyanalysis global sensitivity analysis cloudcomputing WindowsAzure Dropbox alternative conceptual model cyberinfrastructure eScience

Reduced homotopic interhemispheric connectivity in psychiatric disorders:evidence for both transdiagnostic and disorder specific features

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Psychoradiology 2022年第4期2卷 129-145页

作者： Shuxia Yao keith M.Kendrick The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroinformationUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

There is considerable interest in the significance of structural and functional connections between the two brain hemispheres in terms of both normal function and in relation to psychiatric *** recent years,many studies have used voxel mirrored homotopic connectivity analysis of resting state data to investigate the importance of connectivity between homotopic regions in the brain hemispheres in a range of neuropsychiatric *** current review summarizes findings fromthese voxel mirrored homotopic connectivity studies in individuals with autism spectrum disorder,addiction,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,anxiety and depression disorders,and schizophrenia,aswell as disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,mild cognitive impairment,epilepsy,and ***,other than attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,studies across psychiatric disorders report decreased homotopic resting state functional connectivity in the default mode,attention,salience,sensorimotor,social cognition,visual recognition,primary visual processing,and reward networks,which are often associated with symptom severity and/or illness onset/*** homotopic resting state functional connectivity may therefore represent a transdiagnostic marker for general *** terms of disorder specificity,the extensive decreases in homotopic resting state functional connectivity in autism differ markedly from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,despite both occurring during early childhood and showing extensive co-morbidity.A pattern of more posterior than anterior regions showing reductions in schizophrenia is also *** forward,more studies are needed to elucidate the functions of these homotopic functional connections in both health and disorder and focusing on associations with general psychopathology,and not only on disorder specific symptoms.

关键词： interhemispheric communication resting state fMRI voxel mirrored homotopic connectivity psychiatric disorders transdiagnostic marker disorder specific marker