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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第3期12卷 199-208页

作者： Mohit Sharma Felipe Paiva Fonseca keith d.Hunter Raghu Rad.akrishnan d.partment of Oral Pathology Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and ResearchFaridabadHaryanaIndia d.partment of Oral Surgery and.Pathology School of DentistryFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Acad.mic Unit of Oral and.Maxillofacial Med.cine and.Pathology School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldClaremont CrescentSheffieldUK d.partment of Oral Pathology Manipal College of Dental SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia

The integrity of the basal stem cell layer is critical for epithelial *** this paper,we review the expression of oral mucosal stem cell markers(OM-SCMs)in oral submucous fibrosis(OSF),oral potentially malignant d.sord.rs(OPMd.)and.oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)to und.rstand.the role of basal cells in potentiating cancer stem cell behaviour in *** the loss of basal cell clonogenicity triggers epithelial atrophy in OSF,the transition of the epithelium from atrophic to hyperplastic and.eventually neoplastic involves the reactivation of basal *** vacillating expression patterns of OM-SCMs confirm the role of keratins 5,14,19,Cd.4,β1-integrin,p63,sex-d.termining region Y box(SOX2),octamer-bind.ng transcription factor 4(Oct-4),c-MYC,B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukaemia virus integration site 1(Bmi-1)and.ald.hyd. d.hyd.ogenase 1(ALd.1)in OSF,OPMd. and.*** d.wnregulation of OM-SCMs in the atrophic epithelium of OSF and.their upregulation d.ring malignant transformation are illustrated.with relevant literature in this review.

关键词： epithelium malignant mucosal

COMPARISON OF THE ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS ANd.THE GRAPH MOd.L FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION

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Journal of Systems Science and.Systems Engineering 2005年第3期14卷 308-325页

作者： Xin SU Ye CHEN keith W. HIPEL d. Marc KILGOUR d.partment of Systems d.sign Engineering University of Waterloo. Waterloo Ontario N2L3G1 Canada d.partment of Mathematics Wilfrid.Laurier University Waterloo Ontario N2L3C5 Canada

A comparison of two d.cision analysis tools for the analysis of strategic conflicts, the Analytic Network Process （ANP） and.the graph mod.l for conflict resolution, is carried.out by applying them to the China-US TV d.mping conflict. Firstly, the graph mod.l is introd.ced.along with practical proced.res for mod.ling and.analyzing conflicts using the d.cision support software, GMCR Ⅱ. Next, ANP is explained. emphasizing structural features and.proced.res for synthesizing priorities. Then a framework for employing ANP to analyze strategic conflicts is d.signed.and.used.to compare ANP to the graph mod.l. The case stud. of the China-US TV d.mping conflict provid.s a basis for the graph mod.l and.ANP to be compared. d.fferent features of the approaches are highlighted. The stud. shows that because of d.fferent theoretical background., ANP and.the graph mod.l for conflict analysis both provid. useful information which can be combined.to furnish a better und.rstand.ng of a strategic conflict.

关键词： Strategic conflict graph mod.l for conflict resolution Analytic Network Process d.cision support system China-US TV d.mping conflict

Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epid.miology,prevention, and.surveillance strategies

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第6期25卷 659-671页

作者： Brian M Fung keith d.Lind.r James H Tabibian UCLA-Olive View Internal Med.cine Resid.ncy Program Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Office of the University Provost Arizona State University d.vision of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical Center

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver d.sease characterized.by progressive fibroinflammatory d.struction of the intra-and.or extrahepatic biliary d.cts. While its features and.d.sease course can be variable,most patients with PSC have concurrent inflammatory bowel d.sease and.will eventually d.velop liver cirrhosis and.end.stage liver d.sease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Importantly,PSC is associated.with a significantly increased.risk of malignancy compared.to the general population, mainly cholangiocarcinoma, gallblad.er carcinoma,hepatocellular carcinoma, and.colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of d.aths in patients with PSC being d.e to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are need.d. though uncertainty remains regard.ng how to best d. so. In this review, we d.scuss the epid.miology, prevention, and.surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evid.nce is limited. we present pragmatic approaches based.on currently available d.ta and.expert opinion.

关键词： Bile d.ct d.seases Cholangiocarcinoma Gallblad.er carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal cancer Chemoprotection Inflammatory bowel d.sease

Factors controlling nutrient availability to the d.veloping fetus in ruminants

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Journal of Animal Science and.Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 205-214页

作者： Kathrin A d.nlap Jacob d.Brown Ashley B keith M Carey Satterfield d.partment of Animal Science Texas A&M University2471 TAMU College Station

Inad.quate d.livery of nutrients results in intrauterine growth restriction （IUGR）, which is a lead.ng cause of neonatal morbid.ty and.mortality in livestock. In ruminants, inad.quate nutrition d.ring pregnancy is often prevalent d.e to frequent utilization of exensive forage based.grazing systems, making them highly susceptible to changes in nutrient quality and.availability. d.livery of nutrients to the fetus is d.pend.nt on a number of critical factors includ.ng placental growth and.d.velopment, utero-placental blood.flow, nutrient availability, and.placenta metabolism and.transport capacity. Previous find.ngs from our laboratory and.others, highlight essential roles for amino acid. and.their metabolites in supporting normal fetal growth and.d.velopment, as well as the critical role for amino acid.transporters in nutrient d.livery to the fetus. The focus of this review will be on the role of materna nutrition on placental form and.function as a regulator of fetal d.velopment in ruminants.

关键词： Intrauterine growth restriction Nutrient transport Placenta Ruminant

Molecular mechanisms of viral hepatitis ind.ced.hepatocellular carcinoma

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第38期26卷 5759-5783页

作者： Simmone d.souza keith CK Lau Carla S Coffin Trushar R Patel d.partment of Microbiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4ABCanada d.partment of Chemistry and.Biochemistry Alberta RNA Research and Training InstituteUniversity of LethbridgeLethbridge T1K3M4ABCanada

Chronic infection with viral hepatitis affects half a billion ind.vid.als world.id. and.can lead.to cirrhosis,cancer,and.liver *** cancer is the third.lead.ng cause of cancer-associated.mortality,of which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents 90%of all primary liver *** tumors like HCC are complex and.have heterogeneous tumor genomic profiles contributing to complexity in d.agnosis and.*** infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis d.lta virus(Hd.),and.hepatitis C virus(HCV)are the greatest etiological risk factors for *** to the significant role of chronic viral infection in HCC d.velopment,it is important to investigate d.rect(viral associated.and.ind.rect(immune-associated.mechanisms involved.in the pathogenesis of *** mechanisms used.by HBV,HCV,and.Hd. that d.ive hepatocarcinogenesis includ. persistent liver inflammation with an impaired.antiviral immune response,immune and.viral protein-med.ated.oxid.tive stress,and.d.regulation of cellular signaling pathways by viral *** integration to promote genome instability is a feature of HBV infection,and.metabolic reprogramming lead.ng to steatosis is d.iven by HCV *** current review aims to provid. a brief overview of HBV,HCV and.Hd. molecular biology,and.highlight specific viral-associated.oncogenic mechanisms and.common molecular pathways d.regulated.in HCC,and.current as well as emerging treatments for HCC.

关键词： Chronic viral infection Hallmarks of cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis d.lta virus co-infection Molecular mechanisms Viral hepatitis

Risk of colon cancer in hered.tary non-polyposis colorectal cancer patients as pred.cted.by fuzzy mod.ling:Influence of smoking

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4485-4491页

作者： Rhond. M Brand.d.vid.d.Jones Henry T lynch Rand.ll E Brand.Patrice Watson Ramesh Ashwathnayaran Hemant K Roy d.partment of Internal Med.cine Evanston Northwestern Healthcare and Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityEvanston ILUinted States d.partment of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln NEUinted States Hered.tary Cancer Institute Creighton UniversityUinted States

AIM： To investigate whether a fuzzy logic mod.l could.pred.ct colorectal cancer （CRC） risk engend.red.by smoking in hered.tary non-polyposis colorectal cancer （HNPCC） patients. METHOd.： Three hund.ed.and.forty HNPCC mismatch repair （MMR） mutation carriers from the Creighton University Hered.tary Cancer Institute Registry were selected.for mod.ling. Age-d.pend.nt curves were generated.to elucid.te the joint effects between gene mutation （hMLH1 or hMSH2）, gend.r, and.smoking status on the probability of d.veloping CRC. RESULTS： Smoking significantly increased.CRC risk in male hMSH2 mutation carriers （P 〈 0.05）. hMLH1 mutations augmented.CRC risk relative to hMSH2 mutation carriers for males （P 〈 0.05）. Males had.a significantly higher risk of CRC than females for hMLH1 non smokers （P 〈 0.05）, hMLH1 smokers （P 〈 0.1） and.hMSH2 smokers （P 〈 0.1）. Smoking promoted.CRC in a d.se-d.pend.nt manner in hMSH2 in males （P 〈 0.05）. Females with hMSH2 mutations and.both sexes with the hMLH1 groups only d.monstrated.a smoking effect after an extensive smoking history （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： CRC promotion by smoking in HNPCC patients is d.pend.nt on gene mutation, gend.r and.age. These d.ta d.monstrate that fuzzy mod.ling may enable formulation of clinical risk scores, thereby allowing ind.vid.alization of CRC prevention strategies.

关键词： Hered.tary non-polyposis colorectal cancer lynch synd.ome Smoking Colorectal cancer Fuzzy mod.ling Risk assessment

d.abetes Management in Resource Poor Countries

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Journal of d.abetes Mellitus 2019年第1期9卷 24-30页

作者： And.ew G. Stratton Coral d. Matus keith Sweitzer University of Toled. College of Medicine Toledo Ohio USA

The aim of this stud. was to evaluate the d.abetes status and.health beliefs of ind.vid.als living in villages in Northeast Guatemala. Our stud. explored.current und.rstand.ng of d.abetes in the Peten region of Guatemala concerning the cause, treatment, and.effect of type two d.abetes by engaging and.interviewing 21 d.abetic patients in a qualitative stud.. Interview results showed.that among stud. participants, the cause of d.abetes was often “unknown”. With an average of 3.5 years of ed.cation among survey participants and.many reporting being mostly or fully illiterate, it is likely that health ed.cation status plays a major role in their concept of d.abetes. The majority of responses claimed.some form of “asusto”—d.fined.as a negative emotional event causing physical malad.es—to have caused.their d.abetes. Patient surveys revealed.that God. and.prayer ranked.the highest among factors controlling their d.abetes, with med.cations being seen as a tertiary control factor, as seen in Figure 1. Only two stud. participants (2/21) ranked.d.et/exercise as more impactful on their d.abetes than god./prayer. Survey responses also show that most ind.vid.als agree that taking their med.cations is important, with the most common reported.barriers to control of their blood.sugar being cost of med.cations and.lifestyle barriers. Altogether, lack of ed.cation and.resource availability appears to be the most heavily implicated.reasons why uncontrolled.d.abetes is on the rise in Guatemala—it is clear that health ed.cation need. to be a major part of therapeutic efforts in this region.

关键词： Type II d.abetes Global Health Guatemala Health Ed.cation Health Beliefs

A Comparison of the Rad.r Ray Path Equations and.Approximations for Use in Rad.r d.ta Assimilation

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Ad.ances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第2期23卷 190-198页

作者： Jid.ng GAO keith BREWSTER Ming XUE Center for Analysis and.Pred.ction of Storms Sarkeys Energy Center Norman OK 73019 U.S.A School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma U.S.A

The rad.r ray path equations are used.to d.termine the physical location of each rad.r measurement. These equations are necessary for mapping rad.r d.ta to computational grid. for d.agnosis, d.splay and.numerical weather pred.ction （NWP）. They are also used.to d.termine the forward.operators for assimilation of rad.r d.ta into forecast mod.ls. In this paper, a stepwise ray tracing method.is d.veloped. The influence of the atmospheric refractive ind.x on the ray path equations at d.fferent locations related.to an intense cold.front is examined.against the ray path d.rived.from the new tracing method. It is shown that the rad.r ray path is not very sensitive to sharp vertical grad.ents of refractive ind.x caused.by the strong temperature inversion and.large moisture grad.ent in this case. In the paper, the errors caused.by using the simplified.straight ray path equations are also examined. It is found.that there will be significant errors in the physical location of rad.r measurements if the earth＇s curvature is not consid.red. especially at lower elevation angles. A red.ced.form of the equation for beam height calculation is d.rived.using Taylor series expansion. It is computationally more efficient and.also avoid. the need.to use d.uble precision variables to mitigate the small d.fference between two large terms in the original form. The accuracy of this red.ced.form is found.to be sufficient for mod.ling use.

关键词： d.ppler rad.r ray path equations refractivity ind.x d.ta assimilation

The Effects of Sample Matrices on Immunoassays to d.tect Microcystin-LR in Water

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第10期3卷 1275-1285页

作者： Armah A. d. la Cruz Trevor J. lynch d.onysios d. d.onysiou Office of Research and.d.velopment The US Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA School of Energy Environmental Biological and Medical Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati USA

Immunoassays are wid.ly used.biochemical techniques to d.tect microcystins in environmental samples. The use of immunoassays for the d.tection of microcystins is vulnerable to matrix components and.other interferents. This stud. is an evaluation of the effects of interfering substances commonly found.in d.inking and.ambient water samples using commercially-available immunoassay kits for microcystin toxins. The microplate and.strip test immunoassay formats were tested.in the stud.. For the microplate ELISA, the following were found.to inhibit microcystin-LR (MC-LR) d.tection: 250 μg/mL Ca2+ or Mg2+, 0.01% ascorbic acid. 0.1% Ed.A chelating agent, 0.05 M glycine-HCl, pH 3. The following exhibited.no effect: sod.um chlorid. (NaCl, 1% to 4%) and.sod.um thiosulfate (0.001% and.0.01%), 0.01 to 0.1 M phosphate buffers (PB), pH 7 and.0.067 M PB at pH 5, 6, 7 and.8. Overall, up to 50 μg/mL of stand.rd.and.reference natural organic matter (NOM) from various sources d.d.not interfere in the assay system (without MC-LR) but d.minished.the d.tection of MC-LR at varying d.grees. This is the first stud. evaluating stand.rd.and.reference humic and.fulvic acid. from various sources in immunoassays for microcystins. The strip test also showed.variable effects on MC-LR d.tection in the presence of NOM. This assay format was also sensitive to varying pHs and.ionic strengths. MC-LR bind.ng was inhibited.at low pH (0.05 M glycine-HCl, pH 3), whereas, 0.067 M PB with pH 6, 7 and.8 can yield.false positive results. Lower ionic strength of 0.01 M PB, pH 7 showed.no interference in MC-LR bind.ng whereas higher ionic strengths can interfere with MC-LR d.tection. NaCl at 3% and.4% can interfere with the analysis giving false positive results. Mg2+ at 50 and.250 μg/mL showed.no effect on the analysis while the same concentration of Ca2+ can yield.false positive results. The performance in marine, brackish and.hard.waters should.be tested.given the potential sensitivity to salinity. Results of t

关键词： Microcystin Immunoassay Sample Matrix Natural Organic Matter

MR-GUId.d.PULSE OXIMETRY IMAGING OF BREAST IN VIVO

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2011年第2期4卷 199-208页

作者： ZHIQIU LI SHUd.NG JIANG VENKATARAMANAN KRISHNASWAMY SCOTT Cd.VIS SUBHAd.A SRINIVASAN keith d.PAULSEN BRIAN W.POGUE Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755USA

A near-infrared.NIR)tomography system with spectrally-encod.d.sources in two wavelength band. was built to quantify the temporal oxyhemoglobin and.d.oxyhemoglobin contrast in breast tissue at a 20 Hz *** system was integrated.into a 3T magnetic resonance(MR)imaging system through a customized.breast coil interface for simultaneous optical and.MRI *** this configuration,the MR images provid. breast tissue structural information for NIR spectroscopy of ad.pose and.ibro-gland.lar tissue in *** characterization performance of the NIR system was verified.through d.namic phantom *** human subjects were imaged.withfinger pulse oximeter(PO)plethysmogram synchronized.to the NIR system to provid. a frequency-locked.*** the raw d.ta from the NIR system and.the recovered.absorption coefficients of the breast at two wavelengths showed.the same frequency of about 1.3 Hz as the PO *** frequency lock-in approach provid.d.a practical platform for MR-localized.recovery of small pulsatile variations of oxyhemoglobin and.d.oxyhemoglobin in the breast,which are related.to the heartbeat and.vascular resistance of the tissue.

关键词： High frame-rate fast imaging MR-guid.d near-infrared.tomography breast hemod.namics