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INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG NONCOOPERATIVE AND COALITION STABILITY CONCEPTS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2008年第1期17卷 1-29页

作者： Takehiro INOHARA keith w.hipel Department of Value and Decision Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyJapan Department of Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooCanada

Insightful theorems are established on interrelationships among coalition and noncooperative stability concepts defined within the paradigm of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution. More specifically, the newly defined coalition stability def＇mitions that are considered are coalition Nash stability （CNash）, coalition general metarationality （CGMR）, coalition symmetric metarationality （CSMR） and coalition sequential stability （CSEQ）, along with their earlier-defined noncooperative versions. A range of interesting new theorems are derived to establish connections among these coalition stability concepts as well as between noncooperative and coalition stability definitions. Applications with respect to the games of Prisoner＇s Dilemma and Chicken, as well as a groundwater contamination dispute, demonstrate how the various stability definitions can be applied in practice and confirm the validity of some of the theorems as well as point out, by example, certain types of relationships which cannot hold.

关键词： Chicken coalitions environmental conflict Graph Model for Conflict Resolution noncooperative behaviour Prisoner's Dilemma stability relationships

Classifying Metarational Stabilities in Conflicts

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第3期28卷 265-284页

作者： Amanda Garcia keith w.hipel Amer Obeidi Department of Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo OntarioCanada Department of Management Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo OntarioCanada

New solution concepts for n-decision maker conflicts based on generalized metarationalities for modelling possible human behaviour under conflict are proposed.A classification of these solution concepts,also called stability definitions,is presented both to simplify understanding and to illustrate important differences among different stability *** relationships among solution concepts are explored and new,more specific results are obtained in the comparison among existing stability concepts and the newly proposed *** informative example is used to demonstrate the applicability and insights of these solution concepts.

关键词： Graph model for conflict resolution generalized metarationalities stability criteria decisionmaking

DOMINATING ATTITUDES IN THE GRAPH MODEL FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2012年第3期21卷 316-336页

作者： Sean Bernath wALKER keith w.hipel Takehiro INOHARA Department of Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooCanada Department of Value and Decision Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan

A formal methodology for analyzing the importance of weighing a decision maker＇s attitudes in a conflict is introduced and applied to the problem of negotiating a fair transfer of a brownfield property. A decision maker＇s attitudes are expressed in his consideration of his own preferences, as well as those of his opponents. Dominating attitudes are used to suggest that in a circumstance in which a decision maker takes into account multiple perspectives due to his attitudes, he may favor one perspective more heavily. The analysis of a brownfield acquisition conflict illustrates the types of insights that this methodology reveals.

关键词： Conflict analysis attitudes preferences graph model for conflict resolution dominatingattitudes brownfields

STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING FOR IMPROVED ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY:COALITIONS AND ATTITUDES

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 461-476页

作者： Sean BERNATH wALKER keith w.hipel Takehiro INOHARA Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Department of Decision and Value Science Tokyo Institute of Technology

The utilization of decision support systems which are flexible enough to handle information about cooperative behavior and stakeholder attitudes are useful for analyzing complex social conflicts. One such conflict which arose from the redevelopment of a private brownfield property in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada is examined using such a decision support tool. Specifically, a formal model referred to as COAT which allows for the examination of conflicts with both coalition and attitude properties is rigorously defined and then implemented within the framework of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution in order that insights may be gained on how the decision makers can reach win-win resolutions.

关键词： Graph model for conflict resolution attitudes coalitions COAT decision support system conflict

A Two-Level Hierarchical Graph Model for Conflict Resolution with Application to International Climate Change Negotiations

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第3期29卷 251-272页

作者： Shawei He keith w.hipel Haiyan Xu Ye Chen College of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingChina 211106 College of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingChina 211106 Department of Systemns Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada N2L 3G1 Centre for International Governance Innovation WaterlooOntarioCanada N2L 6C2 Balsillie School of International Affairs WaterlooOntarioCanada N2L 6C2

A novel two-level hierarchical graph model is developed to analyze international climate change negotiations with hierarchical structures:the negotiations take place between two nations and between each nation and its provincial *** two national government are two decision makers at the top *** each nation,the two provincial governments negotiate with the national government at the lower *** theoretical structure of this novel model,including decision makers,options,moves,and preference relations,are *** interrelationship between the stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model and the stabilities in local models are investigated by *** theorems can be utilized to calculate complete stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model when the stabilities in local graph models are *** international climate change negotiations as the illustrative example is then investigated in *** extra equilibrium,uniquely obtained by this novel methodology,suggests that opposition may still be from one provincial government when the national government does not sign the international climate agreement and implements existing environmental *** with other approaches,this novel methodology is an effective and flexible tool in analyzing hierarchical conflicts at two levels by providing decision makers with strategic resolutions with broader vision.

关键词： Conflict resolution hierarchical graph model climate change negotiations relative preference

Theory and Implementation of Sensitivity Analyses Based on Their Algebraic Representation in the Graph Model

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第5期28卷 580-601页

作者： Jinshuai Zhao Haiyan Xu keith w.hipel Baohua Yang College of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 211106 China College of Computer Science and Technology Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada School of Business Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China

Sensitivity analyses based on an algebraic representation in the graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) are generalized for ascertaining the robustness of stability results by varying decision makers' preference *** ordinal preferences in GMCR are advantageous to carry out sensitivity analyses with respect to systematically identifying the influence of preference alterations upon the four basic stabilities consisting of Nash stability,general metarationality,symmetric metarationality and sequential *** proposed algebraic representation of the four basic stabilities is not only effective and convenient for computer implementation of sensitivity analysis,but also makes it easier to understand the meaning of the four stabilities when compared with the existing matrix ***,these sensitivity analyses results are embedded into the latest version of the decision support system NUAAGMCR,which can be used to study real-world *** illustrate how these contributions to sensitivity analyses can be applied in practice and provide valuable strategic insights,they are used to investigate the civil war conflict in South Sudan.

关键词： Sensitivity analyses algebraic expression graph model ordinal preference conflict resolution

ROBUSTNESS OF EQUILIBRIA IN THE GRAPH MODEL FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2015年第4期24卷 450-465页

作者： Yasser T.Matbouli D.Marc Kilgour keith w.hipel Department of Industrial Engineering King Abdulaziz University Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Department of Mathematics Wilfrid Laurier University Centre for International Governance Innovation(CIGI)

A novel approach for assessing the robustness of an equilibrium in conflict resolution is presented. Roughly, an equilibrium is robust if it is resilient, or resistant to deviation. Robustness assessment is based on a new concept called Level of Freedom, which evaluates the relative freedom of a decision maker to escape an equilibrium. Resolutions of a conflict can be affected by changes in decision makers＇ preferences, which may destabilize an equilibrium, causing the conflict to evolve. Hence, a conflict may become long-term and thereby continue to evolve, even after reaching an equilibrium. The new robustness measure is used to rank equilibria based on robustness, to facilitate distinguishing equiiibria that are relatively sustainable. An absolutely robust equilibrium is a special case in which the level of freedom is at an absolute minimum for each individual stability definition.

关键词： Robustness equilibria level of freedom conflict evolution graph model

FUZZY PREFERENCES IN CONFLICTS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2008年第3期17卷 257-276页

作者： Mubarak S.AL-MUTAIRI keith w.hipel Mohamed S.KAMEL Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hafr Albatin Community CollegeKing Fahd University of Petroleum & MineralsHafr AlbatinSaudi Arabia Department of Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada

A systematic fuzzy approach is developed to model fuzziness and uncertainties in the preferences of decision makers involved in a conflict. This unique fuzzy preference formulation is used within the paradigm of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution in which a given dispute is modeled in terms of decision makers, each decision maker＇s courses of actions or options, and each decision maker＇s preferences concerning the states or outcomes which could take place. In order to be able to determine the stability of each state for each decision maker and the possible equilibria or resolutions, a range of solution concepts describing potential human behavior under conflict are defined for use with fuzzy preferences. More specifically, strong and weak definitions of stability are provided for the solution concepts called Nash, general metarational, symmetric metarational, and sequential stability. To illustrate how these solution concepts can be conveniently used in practice, they are applied to a dispute over the contamination of an aquifer by a chemical company located in Elmira, Ontario, Canada.

关键词： Environmental conflict fuzzy sets Graph Model for Conflict Resolution preferences multiple participants

The Strategy of Escalation and Negotiation: The Iran Nuclear Dispute

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第4期28卷 434-448页

作者： Tobias w. Langenegger keith w. hipel Department of Management Technology and Economics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

The strategic decisions and resulting consequences surrounding the conflict between the United States of America (US) and Iran regarding the Iranian nuclear program are formally investigated using a flexible decision methodology called the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). This highly controversial dispute caught the world's attention as concerns were growing that Iran would reach a position where it would be able to build nuclear weapons, thereby posing a risk to world security. while Iran insisted on its rights for the peaceful use of nuclear technology;the international community;led by the US, tried to discourage the nuclear activities of Iran to ensure its obligations to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. This led to an escalation of tension on both sides, with an extension of the nuclear program by Iran and an increase in sanctions by the US, before it was possible to arrive at a negotiated agreement. As demonstrated in this paper, a systematic GMCR investigation provides valuable strategic insights into this important conflict. Further, it illustrates ways in which the conflict could have evolved, as well as mechanisms for stopping an escalation like this in the future.

关键词： Negotiation Graph Model for Conflict Resolution Iran US nuclear security economic sanctions