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THe LIMITATIONS OF LeeD: A CASe STUDY

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Journal of Green Building 2011年第1期6卷 25-33页

作者： Anthony S.Denzer keith e.Hedges University of Wyoming Dept.32951000 E.University AvenueLaramieWY 82071 Hammons School of Architecture Drury University.

The Xanterra houses are situated against the backdrop of one of America’s most spectacular natural landscapes,just a few hundred yards from the north entrance to Yellowstone National *** project consists of two single-family homes for seasonal workers,approximately 2000 square feet *** are mirrored east-to-west but otherwise identical(see Figure 1).The project was completed in 2003,and certified under LeeD-NC v2.0,project#1353 on December 10,2004-the first building project in the National Park system to receive LeeD(Leadership in energy and environmental Design)certification from the USGBC(United States Green Building Council).1 The houses were built with the explicit intent that they would become a model for future green building projects at Yellowstone and other national parks,2 and the project team felt it was fitting that these houses be situated in the nation’s first national ***,they were fundamentally well-designed and constructed,and they incorporated some of the latest technologies for saving energy and water,authentically earning the label“high-performance.”Yet the project only earned the lowest possible rating(“certified”)from LeeD,meaning it is barely considered *** paper documents the green design strategies through the design and construction process,with special attention paid to the influence of the LeeD scorecard on collaborative decision-making and to the difficulties this project encountered during the LeeD assessment *** academic studies have examined the process of LeeD self-reporting and scoring within a professional setting,3 even though contingencies such as common business practices and human limitations clearly affect a project’s LeeD *** paper will show that the LeeD scorecard turned out to be a poor assessment tool in this case study,because the reporting procedure inaccurately reflected the architectural design and ***,there have been a few important papers that conclude that

关键词： LeeD energy modeling insulated concrete passive solar heating construction waste management

Cloud computing for integrated stochastic groundwater uncertainty analysis

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International Journal of Digital earth 2013年第4期6卷 313-337页

作者： Yong Liu Alexander Y.Sun keith Nelson Wesley e.Hipke National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Bureau of economic Geology University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Arizona Department of Water Resources PhoenixAZUSA

One of the major scientific challenges and societal concerns is to make informed decisions to ensure sustainable groundwater availability when facing deep uncertainties.A major computational requirement associated with this is on-demand computing for risk analysis to support timely *** paper presents a scientific modeling service called‘ModflowOnAzure’which enables large-scale ensemble runs of groundwater flow models to be easily executed in parallel in the Windows Azure *** technical issues were addressed,including the conjunctive use of desktop tools in MATLAB to avoid license issues in the cloud,integration of Dropbox with Azure for improved usability and‘Drop-and-Compute,’and automated file exchanges between desktop and the *** scientific use cases are presented in this paper using this service with significant computational *** case is from Arizona,where six plausible alternative conceptual models and a streamflow stochastic model are used to evaluate the impacts of different groundwater pumping *** case is from Texas,where a global sensitivity analysis is performed on a regional groundwater availability *** of both cases show informed uncertainty analysis results that can be used to assist the groundwater planning and sustainability study.

关键词： MODFLOW groundwatersustainability uncertaintyanalysis global sensitivity analysis cloudcomputing WindowsAzure Dropbox alternative conceptual model cyberinfrastructure eScience

Hepatic manifestations of non-steroidal inflammatory bowel disease therapy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第27期7卷 2716-2728页

作者： Robert Hirten keith Sultan Ashby Thomas David e Bernstein Division of Gastroenterology North Shore University Hospital--Long Island Jewish Medical Center

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is composed of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and is manifested by both bowel-related and extraintestinal manifestations. Recently the number of therapeutic options available to treat IBD has dramatically increased, with each new medication having its own mechanism of action and side effect profile. A complete understanding of the hepatotoxicity of these medications is important in order to distinguish these complications from the hepatic manifestations of IBD. This review seeks to evaluate the hepatobiliary complications of non-steroid based IBD medications and aide providers in the recognition and management of these side-effects.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Adverse drug reactions Drug induced

Deleterious effects of whole-body vibration on the spine:A review of in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models

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Animal Models and experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 77-86页

作者： Folly Patterson Raheleh Miralami keith e.Tansey Raj K.Prabhu Lauren B.Priddy Department of Agricultural and Biological engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMSUSA Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery Methodist Rehabilitation CenterJacksonMSUSA Spinal Cord Injury Medicine and Research Services G.V.(Sonny)Montgomery VA Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA

Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration is associated with the develop-ment of musculoskeletal,neurological,and other *** back pain and other spine disorders are prevalent among those exposed to whole-body vibration in occupational and military *** standards for limiting exposure to whole-body vibration have been in place for decades,there is a lack of understanding of whole-body vibration-associated risks among safety and healthcare ***,disorders associated with whole-body vibration exposure remain prevalent in the workforce and *** relationship between whole-body vibra-tion and low back pain in humans has been established largely through cohort stud-ies,for which vibration inputs that lead to symptoms are rarely,if ever,*** gap in knowledge highlights the need for the development of relevant in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models to study such *** parameters of vibrational stimuli(eg,frequency and direction)play critical roles in such pathologies,but the specific cause-and-effect relationships between whole-body vibration and spinal pa-thologies remain mostly *** paper provides a summary of whole-body vibration parameters;reviews in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models for spinal patholo-gies resulting from whole-body vibration;and offers suggestions to address the gaps in translating injury biomechanics data to inform clinical practice.

关键词： adverse effects animal models intervertebral disc spine translational research vibration

Crosstalk Complexities between Auxin, Cytokinin, and ethylene in Arabidopsis Root Development： From experiments to Systems Modeling, and Back Again

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Molecular Plant 2017年第12期10卷 1480-1496页

作者： Junli Liu Simon Moore Chunli Chen keith Lindsey Department of Biosciences Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China These authors contributed equally to this article.

Understanding how hormones and genes interact to coordinate plant growth in a changing environment is a major challenge in plant developmental biology. Auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene are three important hormones that regulate many aspects of plant development. This review critically evaluates the crosstalk between the three hormones in Arabidopsis root development. We integrate a variety of experimental data into a crosstalk network, which reveals multiple layers of complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk. In particular, data integration reveals an additional, largely overlooked link between the ethylene and cytokinin pathways, which acts through a phosphorelay mechanism. This proposed link addresses outstanding questions on whether ethylene application promotes or inhibits receptor kinase activity of the ethylene receptors. elucidating the complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk requires a combined experimental and systems modeling approach. We evaluate important modeling efforts for establishing how crosstalk between auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene regulates patterning in root develop- ment. We discuss how a novel methodology that iteratively combines experiments with systems modeling analysis is essential for elucidating the complexity in crosstalk of auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene in root development. Finally, we discuss the future challenges from a combined experimental and modeling perspective.

关键词： Arabidopsis auxin cytokinin ethylene hormonal crosstalk spatiotemporal modeling

Robust reduction of graphene fluoride using an electrostatically biased scanning probe

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Nano Research 2013年第11期6卷 767-774页

作者： Woo-Kyung Lee Stanislav Tsoi keith e. Whitener Rory Stine Jeremy T. Robinson Jonathon S. Tobin Asanka Weerasinghe Paul e. Sheehan Sergei F. Lyuksyutov Division of Chemistry US Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC20375 USA NOVA Research Alexandria Virginia 22308 USA Division of electronic Science and Technology US Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375 USA The University of Akron Department of Physics Akron OH 44325 USA

We report a novel and easily accessible method to chemically reduce graphene fluoride （GF） sheets with nanoscopic precision using high electrostatic fields generated between an atomic force microscope （AFM） tip and the GF substrate. Reduction of fluorine by the electric field produces graphene nanoribbons （GNR） with a width of 105-1,800 nm with sheet resistivity drastically decreased from 〉1 TΩ.sq.^-1 （GF） down to 46 kΩ.sq.^-1 （GNR）. Fluorine reduction also changes the topography, friction, and work function of the GF. Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements indicate that the work function of GF is 180-280 meV greater than that of graphene. The reduction process was optimized by varying the AFM probe velocity between 1.2 μm.s^-1 and 12 μm.s^-1 and the bias voltage applied to the sample between -8 and -12 V. The electrostatic field required to remove fluorine from carbon is -1.6 ***-1. Reduction of the fluorine may be due to the softening of the C-F bond in this intense field or to the accumulation and hydrolysis of adventitious water into a meniscus.

关键词： graphene fluoride graphene electrostatic lithography Kelvin force probemicroscopy atomic force microscopy-based electrostaticnanolithography(AFMeN)

Separations of Metal Ions Using Ionic Liquids: The Challenges of Multiple Mechanisms

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 188-193页

作者： Violina A. Cocalia John D. Holbrey keith e. Gutowski Nicholas J. Bridges Robin D. Rogers Department of Chemistry and Center for Green Manufacturing The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

Ionic liquids are a distinct sub-set of liquids, comprising only of cations and anions, often with negligible vapor pressure. As a result of the low or non-volatility of these fluids, ionic liquids are often considered in liquid/liquid separation schemes where the goal is to replace volatile organic solvents. Unfortunately, it is often not yet recognized that the ionic nature of these solvents can result in a variety of extraction mechanisms, including solvent ion-pair extraction, ion exchange, and simultaneous combinations of these. This paper discusses current ionic liquid-based separations research where the effects of the nature of the solvent ions, ligands, and metal ion species were studied in order to be able to understand the nature of the challenges in utilizing ionic liquids for practical applications.

关键词： metal ion liquid-liquid separation ionic liquid solvent extraction

Association of Acid-Base Balance in the Renal Proximal Tubule and Blood Pressure Alterations: Potential Role of Local Mediators

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第4期8卷 26-44页

作者： Dinesh Aryal keith e. Jackson School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Louisiana at Monroe Monroe LA USA

Disturbances in acid-base balance leading to the development of hypertension are currently gaining increased attention among researchers. Perturb acid-base balance characterized by metabolic acidosis has been demonstrated in hypertensive animals and humans. Research suggests that acid-base changes are not only the consequences of elevated blood pressure but can precede the development of hypertension. However, no exact mechanism has been identified to link acid-base imbalance with alterations in blood pressure. The kidney proximal tubule is the major site for maintaining normal bicarbonate concentrations which is an important component of acid-base balance. Acid-base transporter proteins in the renal proximal tubule such as Na+/HCO-3?cotransporters, Na+/H+ exchangers, and anion-exchangers play important roles in controlling acid secretion, ammonia production and bicarbonate reabsorption for maintaining acid-base balance. It is well known that sodium retention in the renal tubules leads to increase in blood volume and consequently increases in blood pressure. Therefore, it is the purpose of this review to discuss the role of sodium-coupled acid-base transporters in regulating proximal tubular sodium retention and controlling blood pressure homeostasis. We will also focus on the capacity of local mediators;angiotensin II, cortisol, prosta-glandin and aldosterone, to regulate acid-base and blood pressure homeostasis.

关键词： Acid-Base Transporters Hypertension Proximal Tubule Angiotensin II

A systematic study of thermomechanical properties and calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion of multicomponent rare-earth phosphates

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第11期13卷 1807-1822页

作者： keith Bryce Bishnu Pada Majee Liping Huang Jie Lian Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteNY 12180USA Department of Materials Science&engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteNY 12180USA

Multicomponent rare earth phosphates hold immense potential as next-generation environmental barrier coatings(eBCs),offering enormous possibilities and flexibility by controlling and varying their components and fractions to tailor their *** this work,the key material parameters(e.g.,ionic size and ionic size disorder)and the elements governing their thermal‒mechanical properties and resistance against calcium‒magnesium‒aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion were *** thermal conductivities of multicomponent rare-earth phosphates correlate well with cation size disorder,but no clear trend is identified for the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTe).er-containing compositions display low CTes and high fracture *** formation of a dense interfacial layer occurs for most CAMS corrosion-resistant compositions when tested at 1300°C,e.g.,(Lu_(0.2)Yb_(0.2)er_(0.2)Y_(0.2)Gd_(0.2))PO_(4) and(Lu_(0.2)Yb_(0.2)er_(0.2)Dy_(0.2)Gd_(0.2))PO_(4).These multicomponent phosphates also display the least recession upon molten CMAS attack at 1400°C without significant volumetric swelling,which is superior to their single-component counterparts and state-of-the-art eBCs based on rare-earth *** contrast,Sc-containing multicomponent phosphates display inferior performance against CMAS corrosion and penetration.A mechanistic understanding and understanding of the kinetics of the interfacial interaction at higher temperatures,as well as the key parameters governing their thermomechanical properties and CMAS corrosion,are valuable for designing data-driven materials of multicomponent phosphates for eBC applications.

关键词： environmental barrier coating(eBC) high-entropy ceramics(HeCs) rare earth phosphates