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How do Plants Organize Microtubules Without a Centrosome?

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1154-1163页

作者： TakashiMurata TakakoTanahashi Tomoaki Nishiyama kazuo yamaguchi Mitsuyasu Hasebe National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyOkazaki 444-8585Japan

A microtubule nucleates from a γ-tubuUn complex, which consists of γ-tubulin, proteins from the SPC971SPC98 family, and the WD40 motif protein GCP-WD. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of the genes encoding these proteins and found that the components of this complex are widely conserved among land plants and other eukaryotes. By contrast, the interphase and mitotic arrays of microtubules in land plants differ from those in other eukaryotes. In the interphase cortical array, the majority of microtubules nucleate on existing microtubules in the absence of conspicuous microtubule organizing centers （MTOCs）, such as a centrosome. During mitosis, the spindle also forms in the absence of conspicuous MTOCs. Both poles of the spindle are broad, and branched structures of microtubules called microtubule converging centers form at the poles. In this review, we hypothesize that the microtubule converging centers form via microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation, as in the case of the interphase arrays. The evolutionary insights arising from the molecular basis of the diversity in microtubule organization are discussed.

关键词： cortical microtubules evolution γ-tubulin microtubule nucleation mitotic spindle.

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关于谷氨酸棒状杆菌变异株赖氨酸发酵^(13)C核磁共振的研究

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氨基酸和生物资源 1988年第4期16卷 47-52页

作者： kazuo yamaguchi 黄腾华

13C核磁共振[NMR]光谱学可应用于谷氨酸棒状杆菌ATCC 21543（一株产生赖氨酸的变异株）赖氨酸生物合成的研究上。此菌株培养在含有[1-13C]葡萄糖或[6-13C]葡萄糖作为唯一碳源的培养基中,并测定其培养液的13C NMR光谱。用13C标记的L-赖... 详细信息

13C核磁共振[NMR]光谱学可应用于谷氨酸棒状杆菌ATCC 21543（一株产生赖氨酸的变异株）赖氨酸生物合成的研究上。此菌株培养在含有[1-13C]葡萄糖或[6-13C]葡萄糖作为唯一碳源的培养基中,并测定其培养液的13C NMR光谱。用13C标记的L-赖氨酸图可由细菌的假设代谢途径得以圆满的解释。

关键词：谷氨酸棒状杆菌异株标记图代谢途径乙醛酸循环生物合成短杆菌二氨基庚二酸葡萄糖生成可由

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How utilizing the genes involved in drought tolerance could tackle the climate change-related food crisis?

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Molecular Plant 2021年第10期14卷 1601-1603页

作者： Angela Fernando Michael Selvaraj Manabu Ishitani kazuo Nakashima kazuo Shinozaki Kazuko yamaguchi-Shinozaki Crops for Nutrition and Health Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT)Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraApartado Aereo 6713763537 CaliColombia Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS) TsukubaJapan Stable Agricultural Production Program Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science(JIRCAS)TsukubaIbarakiJapan Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of TokyoTokyoJapan Gene Discovery Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsukubaIbarakiJapan

The global population is expected to increase by 10 billion by 2050,the demand for food and water is also likely to *** factors intensify the growing water scarcity,such as inefficient water use in the food value chain and inadequate infrastructure to save *** changing climate also exacerbates the rising temperature by making the drier areas drier and negatively impacting agriculture production in most parts of the world.A decrease in precipitation has been observed in the tropics and sub-tropics,such as the Sahel region of Southern Africa,the Mediterranean,South Asia,and the Southwest of US since 1970(https://***).

关键词： utilizing drought likely

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HsfAld, a Protein Identified via FOX Hunting Using Thellungiella salsuginea cDNAs Improves Heat Tolerance by Regulating Heat-Stress-Responsive Gene Expression

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 411-422页

作者： Yukari Higashi Naohiko Ohama Tomoko Ishikawa Taku Katori Ayaka Shimura Kazuya Kusakabe Kazuko yamaguchi-Shinozaki Junko Ishida Maho Tanaka Motoaki Seki kazuo Shinozaki Yoichi Sakata Takahisa Hayashi Teruaki Taji Department of Bio-Science Tokyo University of Agriculture 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka Setagaya Tokyo 156-8502 Japan Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan RIKEN Yokohama Institute 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsururni-ku Yokohama 230-0045 Japan

Thellungiella salsuginea （formerly T. halophila）, a species closely related to Arabidopsis （Arabidopsis thali-ana）, is tolerant not only to high salt levels, but also to chilling, freezing, and ozone. Here, we report that T. salsuginea also shows greater heat tolerance than Arabidopsis. We identified T. salsuginea HsfAld （TsHsfAld） as a gene that can confer marked heat tolerance on Arabidopsis. TsHsfAld was identified via Full-length cDNA Over-eXpressing gene （FOX） hunt-ing from among a collection of heat-stress-related T. salsuginea cDNAs. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing TsHsfAld showed constitutive up-regulation of many genes in the Arabidopsis AtHsfA1 regulon under normal growth tempera-ture. in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts, TsHsfAld was localized in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. TsHsfAld also interacted with AtHSP90, which negatively regulates AtHsfAls by forming HsfA1-HSP90 complexes in the cytoplasm. It is likely that the partial nuclear localization of TsHsfAld induced the expression of the AtHsfAld regulon in the transgenic plants at normal temperature. We also discovered that transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtHsfAldwere more heat-tolerant than wild-type plants and up-regulated the expression of the HsfAld regulon, as was observed in TsHsfAld-overexpressing plants. We propose that the products of both TsHsfAld and AtHsfAld function as positive regulators of Arabidopsis heat-stress response and would be useful for the improvement of heat-stress tolerance in other plants.

关键词： Thellungiella salsuginea heat-stress tolerance HsfA1 FOX hunting.

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The neutrophil–osteogenic cell axis promotes bone destruction in periodontitis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 154-162页

作者： Yutaro Ando Masayuki Tsukasaki Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh Shizao Zang Minglu Yan Ryunosuke Muro Kazutaka Nakamura Masatsugu Komagamine Noriko Komatsu kazuo Okamoto Kenta Nakano Tadashi Okamura Akira yamaguchi Kazuyuki Ishihara Hiroshi Takayanagi Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Microbiology Tokyo Dental College2-1-14 Kanda-Misaki-choChiyoda-kuTokyoJapan Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College2-9-18Kanda-Misaki-choChiyodakuTokyoJapan Department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Unit of Prosthodontics Laboratory of Oral-Maxillofacial Biology Faculty of Odonto-StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Sensory and Motor System MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan

The immune-stromal cell interactions play a key role in health and diseases. In periodontitis, the most prevalent infectious disease in humans, immune cells accumulate in the oral mucosa and promote bone destruction by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteogenic cells such as osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. However, the detailed mechanism underlying immune–bone cell interactions in periodontitis is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNAsequencing analysis on mouse periodontal lesions and showed that neutrophil–osteogenic cell crosstalk is involved in periodontitis-induced bone loss. The periodontal lesions displayed marked infiltration of neutrophils, and in silico analyses suggested that the neutrophils interacted with osteogenic cells through cytokine production. Among the cytokines expressed in the periodontal neutrophils, oncostatin M (OSM) potently induced RANKL expression in the primary osteoblasts, and deletion of the OSM receptor in osteogenic cells significantly ameliorated periodontitis-induced bone loss. Epigenomic data analyses identified the OSM-regulated RANKL enhancer region in osteogenic cells, and mice lacking this enhancer showed decreased periodontal bone loss while maintaining physiological bone metabolism. These findings shed light on the role of neutrophils in bone regulation during bacterial infection, highlighting the novel mechanism underlying osteoimmune crosstalk.

关键词： period neutrophil destruction

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Fast Optical Switching Using Oriented Cyanine Dye-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第10期23卷 2786-2789页

作者：金朝辉李忠玉 KASATANI kazuo OKAMOTO Hiroaki Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yamaguchi University Tokiwadai Ube 755-8611 Japan

A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.

关键词： RELAXATION DYNAMICS ENERGY-TRANSFER SQUARYLIUM DYE COATING FILMS POLYMER-FILMS FAST-RESPONSE NONLINEARITIES STATE SUSCEPTIBILITY SPECTROSCOPY

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Resonant Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities of Poly（methyl methacrylate） Films Containing J-Like Aggregates of a Thiadicarbocyanine Dye

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第10期22卷 2571-2574页

作者：李忠玉金朝辉 KASATANI kazuo OKAMOTO Hiroaki Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yamaguchi University Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan

The third-order optical nonlinearities and responses of poly（methyl methacrylate）（PMMA） coating films containing J-like aggregates of a thiadicarbocyanine dye, 3,3＇-diethyl-2,2＇-thiadicarbocyanine iodide （DTDC1）, are measured by degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique under resonant conditions. The temporal profiles of the DFWM signal of PMMA coating films containing J-like aggregates of DTDC1 are found to consist of three components： i.e., the coherent instantaneous nonlinear response （electronic response） and the two slow responses uqth decay time constants of about 0.8ps and about 7.0ps. The electronic component of the effective third-order nonlinear susceptibility, χc^（3）, of one of the present films is as high as about 2.1×10^-8 esu, and the figure of merit of third-order nonlinearity F （F=χ^（3）/α） is evaluated to be about 1.9 ×10^-13 esu cm at 850nm.

关键词： ABSORPTION FLUORESCENCE DYNAMICS EXCITONS SYSTEM STATE

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Anisotropy in Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility of a Squarylium Dye in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第3期23卷 635-638页

作者：金朝辉李忠正 KASATANI kazuo OKAMOTO Hiroaki Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yamaguchi University Tokiwadai Ube 755-8611 Japan

A squarylium dye is dissolved in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （SCB） and oriented by sandwiching mixtures between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The optical absorption spectra of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers exhibit high anisotropy. The third-order nonlinear optical responses and susceptibilities X^（3）e of squarylium dye in 5CB are measured with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique. Temporal profiles of the DFWM signal of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction are measured with a time resolution of 0.3ps （FWHM）, and are found to consist of two components, i.e., the coherent instantaneous nonlinear response and slow response due to the formation of excited molecules. A high anisotropic ratio of x^（3）e, 10.8 ：k 1.2, is observed for the oriented layers.

关键词： MULTIPLE FLUORESCENCE EMISSION DOPED POLYMER SYSTEMS SQUARAINE DYE UNSYMMETRICAL SQUARAINES EXCITED-STATES CYANINE DYE FILMS ABSORPTION CHEMISTRY ORIGIN

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Development of Cutting Condition Monitoring System for ID-blade Saw Slicing Machine

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武汉理工大学学报 2006年第S1期28卷 79-84页

作者： KAWASHIMA kazuo Asahi Diamond Industrial Co. Ltd102-0094Japan

The purpose of this study is focused on development of an online monitoring system for measuring and evaluating the cutting condition as the ID-blade saw is cutting a silicon ingot. First,the cutting experiments are carried out and the cutting signals during the blade slicing a six-inch ingot are measured by a 3-axes load sensor which is mounted on the top of the ingot. To evaluate the blade condition in slicing,a novel data processing method,combining the discrete Fourier transform(DFT) with the discrete Wavelet transform(DWT),is proposed in this paper for extracting the components due to the rotation of the blade and the cutting impedance. To validate the effect of the method,four ID-blades with three different types of the blade edge are used and discussed. The obtained results show that the component induced from the rotation and the component due to the blade slicing can be extracted efficiently by introduction of the proposed method. Furthermore,a simple online monitoring system,which consists of a 3-axes load sensor or acceleration sensor,DC cuts high-pass filter,and AD converter embedded microcomputer,is designed. The estimated cutting condition information obtained from the proposed monitoring system can be used as a feedback signal to the slicing machine for production of high quality wafer.

关键词： ID-blade online measurement vibration signals cutting condition evaluation discrete fourier transfor

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Large Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity and Fast Response of a Squarylium Dye

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第9期22卷 2282-2285页

作者：李忠玉金朝辉 KASATANI kazuo OKAMOTO Hiroaki Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yamaguchi University Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan

The third-order optical nonlinearities and responses of a squarylium dye, 2,4-di-3-guaiazulenyl-1,3-dihydroxycyclobutenediylium dihydroxide, in tetrahydrofuran （THF） solution and in polystyrene （PS） coating films are measured by the femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing technique under resonant conditions. The molecular hyperpolarizability γ of the squarylium dye in the THF solution is determined to be 3.0 × 10^-29 esu at 764 nm, and its electronic component γe is determined to be 1.1 × 10^-29 esu. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility X^（3） of one of the present PS coating films containing the squarylium dye is as high as 3.1 × 10^-8 esu at 80Ohm, and its electronic component Xe^（3） is 1.3 × 10^-8 esu.

关键词： Thf DFWM PS

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