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Estimation of water requirement per unit carbon fixed by Eucalyptus camaldulensis in semi-arid land of Western Australia

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science China Earth sciences 2002年第z1期45卷 142-147页

作者： T. Kojima Y. Tanaka s. katoh K. Tahara N. Takahashi K. Yamada Department of Applied Chemistry Fac. of Eng. Seikei University Tokyo 180-8633 Japan Japan science and Technology Corporation Tokyo 110-0015 Japan Deptartment of Fine Materials Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Pre. 386-8567 Japan

Afforestation in arid land is a promising method for carbon fixation, but the effective utili- zation of water is highly important and required. Thus, the evaluation of the amount of water per unit carbon fixed with the tree growth is required to minimize the amount of water supplied to the plants. In this research, a tree is regarded as a carbon fixation reactor with inflows of water and nutrients from roots, and CO_2 as the carbon source from leaves with outflow of water vapor from leaves and accumulation in the tree itself. In the process of photosynthesis and respiration nutri- tional elements are dissolved in water flow in trees. They do not flow out by these reactions, but are accumulated in trees. Thus, we have treated the behaviour of nutrients as a marker to evaluate the water/carbon ratio. Assuming that nutrient concentration is constant in sap, and the differences in the ratios of nutrient to carbon in living trees and dead (i.e. litter fall, etc.) are neglected, the ratio of the used water to fixed carbon is given as the ratio of nutrient to carbon in the tree body divided by the ratio of nutrient to water in sap. However, some nutrients are translocated and concentrated within the tree and some may be discarded through litter fall. Thus it is important to examine which nutrient element is the most suitable as the tracer. In this paper, the results of the above method applied to Eucalyptus camaldulensis in semi- arid land of Western Australia are shown. The value of water requirement per unit carbon fixation determined from potassium balance is between 421 kg-H_2O/kg-C for mature trees and 285 kg-H_2O/kg-C for young trees, while the values from calcium balance are much larger than these. The cause of the discrepancy between these values is discussed based on the measured element concentrations in sap and trees and the plant physiology. Finally, the actual average value through the life of a tree is suggested to fall between the two values.

关键词： carbon fixation, unit water requirement, arid land, Western Australia, Eucalyptus camaldulensis,

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降低FCC汽油中的烯烃含量

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石化译文 2000年第1期 17-19页

作者：李永民 katoh,s

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Effectiveness of nature reserves for bird conservation in urban parks in Tokyo

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2011-2022页

作者： Kazuhiro katoh Misako Matsuba The Open University of Japan Wakaba 2-11Mihama-kuChiba City 261-8586Japan Research Institute for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyNatsushima-cho 2-15Yokosuka-CityKanagawa 237-0061Japan

In some urban parks in Tokyo,semi-natural habitat patches are maintained as nature reserves for birds,called bird *** censuses and vegetation surveys were conducted in eight urban parks in Tokyo from December 2015 to July 2016 to determine the effectiveness of bird sanctuaries on avian species *** relationship between avian species composition and environmental conditions was analyzed by partial redundancy analysis(partial RDA)using vegetation variables,number of visitors,presence or absence of reserves within the same park,area of wooded parts,and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)in the surrounding *** results of the partial RDA are as follows:(1)Area,lower vegetation cover,higher vegetation cover,tree species composition obtained from detrended correspondence analysis(DCA)on vegetation survey data,and NDVI in the surrounding area were considered as covariates and explained 17.4-33.6%of the total variation in bird species composition,(2)The presence or absence of sanctuary significantly explained bird species compositional variation regardless of season,indicating that the sanctuaries were beneficial for urban avoider species not only in the sanctuaries but also in the surrounding wooded area,and(3)Tree coverage within a 100 m range and leaf litter coverage also influenced avian species *** concluded that bird sanctuaries and other nature reserves can be beneficial to bird conservation,even within *** positive effect of sanctuaries could be due to the limited influence of human presence and the developed vegetation within *** reserves may play the role of core habitats within the studied urban parks.

关键词： Avian species composition Leaf litter Nature reserve Tree coverage Urban biodiversity Vegetation structure

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Nanotopography Impact in shallow Trench Isolation Chemical Mechanical Polishing-Dependence on slurry Characteristics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第z2期22卷 1-4页

作者： Jea-Gun Park Takeo katoh Ungyu Paik Nano-sOI Process Laboratory Hanyang University17 Haengdang-DongSeoungdong-GuSeoul 133-791Korea Nano-SOI Process LaboratoryHanyang University17 Haengdang-DongSeoungdong-GuSeoul 133-791Korea Department of Ceramic EngineeringHanyang University17 Haengdang-DongSeoungdong-GuSeoul 133-791Korea

The nanotopography of the surface of silicon wafers has become an important issue in ULsI device manufacturing since it affects the post-chemical mechanical polishing (post-CMP) uniformity of the thickness deviation of dielectric films. In this study, the nanotopography impact was investigated in terms of its dependence on the characteristics of ceriabased slurries, such as the abrasive size, the grain size of the polycrystalline abrasive and the surfactant added to the slurry. It was found that the magnitude of the post-CMP oxide thickness deviation due to nanotopography increased with the surfactant concentration in the case of smaller abrasives but was almost independent of the concentration in the case of larger abrasives. The grain size of the polycrystalline abrasive did not affect the nanotopography impact.

关键词： CMP slurry ceria abrasive surfactant nanotopography

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Recent Progresses and Critical Issues of siC_f/siC Composite Under Irradiation Environments

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Plasma science and Technology 2003年第5期5卷 1965-1976页

作者：沙建军 A.Kohyama Y.katoh Graduate school of Energy science Kyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011 Japan

siC with fiber-reinforced composites, which are presently considered as the primary structural materials in some fusion reactor conceptual designs, are more attractive and competitive for structural materials in a fusion energy system because of its excellent chemical and mechanical properties such as high fracture toughness, induced-low activation, afterheat under 14MeV neutron irradiation environment at elevated temperature, and good compatibility with coolant and breeder materials. Thus it is important to investigate the research progress of advanced siC composite, including transmuted helium gas, radiation swelling, radiation effects on mechanical properties, irradiation-enhanced creep, fatigue, physical properties associated with fusion design and their critical issues. This report summarized these results and addressed the major critical issues under irradiation conditions.

关键词： siCf/siC composite irradiation environments

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Photophysical properties of heteroaromatic ring-fused(di)benzosiloles

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science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1937-1947页

作者： sHIMIZU Masaki MOCHIDA Kenji katoh Masaki HIYAMA Tamejiro Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto University Katsura Current address:Research & Development Initiative Chuo University

Benzosiloles fused to heterocycles such as thiophene, benzothiophene, and benzofuran, and indole- and benzosilole-fused dibenzosiloles were prepared by palladium-catalyzed intramolecular coupling of the corresponding 2-（arylsilyl）aryl triflates in good to high yields. Molecular and crystal structures of 5,7-dihydro-5,5,7,7-tetrakis（1-methylethyl）bis[1]benzosilolo-[2,3-b：3＇, 2＇-d]thiophene, 6-methyl-12,12-diisopropyl-12H-indololo[3,2-b][1]silafluorene, and 5,5,11,11-tetraisopropyl-5,11H-benzosilolo[3,2-c]silafluorene were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The UV absorption spectra of the （di）benzosilole derivafives in cyclohexane red-shifted when compared to 1,1-diisopropyldibenzosilole, indicating that replacing a benzene ring of dibenzosilole by the heterocycles as well as fusion of indole and benzosilole moieties onto dibenzosilole narrowed the HOMO- LUMO gaps of the n-conjugation system. The thiophene-fused benzosiloles were faintly fluorescent in solution and in the solid state, whereas the dibenzosiloles exhibited luminescence with moderate and high quantum yields in cyclohexane and in microcrystals, respectively. In other words, aggregation-induced emission was observed for the dibenzosiloles. Notably, 5,5,11,1 1- tetraisopropyl-5,11H-benzosilolo[3,2-c]silafluorene in microcrystals exhibited violet fluorescence （λmax = 396 nm） with a quantum yield of 0.70. Density functional theory （DFT） calculations of the prepared （di）benzosiloles were also performed.

关键词： absorption benzosflole fluorescence silicon solid-state emission

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Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Film on Titanium substrate by sputtering Technique

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials science) 2005年第B12期20卷 260-262页

作者：万涛 AOKI Hideki katoh Ayako Frontier Research and Development Center Tokyo Denki University Saitama 350-0394 JapanBiomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070China Frontier Research and Development Center Tokyo Denki University Saitama 350-0394 JapanInternational Apatite Co. Ltd.Kyobashi Bldg2-8-3Kyobashi Chuo-KuTokyo104-0032Japan International Apatite Co. Ltd. Kyobashi Bldg2-8-3Kyobashi Chuo-KuTokyo104-0032Japan

Radiofrequeut magnetron sputtering technique was used to produce calcium phosphate coated on the titurdum substrates, and the sputtered coating films were crystallized in an autoclave at 110℃ using a low temperature hydrothermal technique. The crystallization of as-sputtered coating film on the titanium substrates were amorphous calcium phosphate film. However, after the hydrothermal technique, calcium phosphate crystals grew and these were cohumnar crystal. The Ca/P ratio of sputtered coating films in 1.6 to 2.0.

关键词： sputtering crystallization hydroxyapatite

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Environmental Effects on Microstructural stability of siC/siC Composites

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1999年第2期13卷 125-128页

作者： shibayama, Tamaki He, Guo Wei Takahashi, Heishichiro katoh, Yutai Kohyama, Akira Center for Advanced Research of Energy Technology Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University Gokasho Uji 611-0011 Japan

LowZmaterialshavemanyadvantagesinnuclearenvirOInnellts,suchaslessProductionofradioactivewastesduetosubstantiallylowactivation,andhigherconVergentefficiencyduetothecapabilityofhightemp;***-basedmaterialsforfhaionreacto... 详细信息

关键词： ceramic matrix composite siC oxidation crystallization interface

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Effect of transition metaldoping under reducing calcination atmosphere on photocatalytic property of TiO_2 immobilized on siO_2 beads

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2013年第7期25卷 1419-1423页

作者： Rumi Chand Eiko Obuchi Katsumi katoh Hom Nath Luitel Katsuyuki Nakano Department of Chemical Engineering Fukuoka University Department of Applied Chemistry Saga University

TiO2 immobilized on siO2 （TiO2 /siO2 ） have been prepared by sol-gel method and various ions of transition metals （Cr3＋ , Co2＋ , Ni2＋ , Cu2＋ , and Zn2＋）weredoped on the photocatalyst usingwet impregnation method under reducing calcination atmosphere. The photocatalytic activity of metaldoped TiO2 /siO2 towards phenoldegradation under black light irradiationwere investigated and comparedwith undoped TiO2 /siO2 . The results showed that the photoresponse of Cu2＋ and Zn2＋doped TiO2 /siO2were larger than undoped TiO2 /siO2 , indicating that the photogenerated carrierswere separated more efficiently in Cu2＋ and Zn2＋doped TiO2 /siO2 . The reactivitywas in the order of Cu2＋〉 Zn2＋〉 Ni2＋〉 Cr3＋〉 Co2＋ . Thedifferent photoreactivitywas ascribed to combine effect of thedifferent ionic radii and photocorrison tendency of thedopants. The samplewas also characterized by surface analytical methods such as X-raydiffraction, scanning electron micrograph/electrondispersive X-ray analyzer and UV-Vis absorption spectrum.

关键词： heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2 siO2 beads metaldoping photodecomposition

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Evaluation of long stent implantation in diffuse coronary lesions for octogenarians

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第1期2卷 29-35页

作者： Osamu katoh shigeru Nakamura Cardiovascular Center Kyoto Katsura Hospital 17 Yamada Hirao-choNishikyo-kuKyoto 615-8256Japan

Objective To evaluate angiographic and clinical outcomes of ≥ 20mm long stents or overlapped stent implantation in diffuse coronary lesions for octogenarians, in comparison with patients under sixty. Methods Two groups (Group O: 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians, aged 81± 3 years; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patients under sixty, aged 54 ± 4 years) were compared with a 6-month follow-up. Results success rate of the procedures was 100%. None had in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE). There was no significant difference in angiographic restenosis between the groups at follow-up (Group O vs Group Y, 29.8 % vs 26.6 %, P = Ns). The revascularization of target vessel and MACE was less in Group Y, but these showed no statistical significance (15.6% vs 23.4% and 20.7% vs 25.0%, respectively). Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse coronary lesions in octogenarians appears safe and feasible, with high procedural success and favorable long-term outcomes.

关键词： percutaneous coronary intervention octogenarian diffuse lesion coronary stenting follow-up

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