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Split liver transplantation: Current developments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第47期24卷 5312-5321页

作者： Christina Hackl katharina M schmidt Caner Süsal Bernd Dohler Martin Zidek Hans J Schlitt Department of Surgery University Hospital RegensburgRegensburg 93053Germany Collaborative Transplant Study (CTS) Institute of ImmunologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany

In 1988, Rudolf Pichlmayr pioneered split liver transplantation(SLT), enabling the transplantation of one donor liver into two recipients-one pediatric and one adult patient. In the same year, Henri Bismuth and colleagues performed the first full right/full left split procedure with two adult recipients. Both splitting techniques were rapidly adopted within the transplant community. However, a SLT is technically demanding, may cause increased perioperative complications, and may potentially transform an excellent deceased donor organ into two marginal quality grafts. Thus, crucial evaluation of donor organs suitable for splitting and careful screening of potential SLT recipients is warranted. Furthermore, the logistic background of the splitting procedure as well as the organ allocation policy must be adapted to further increase the number and the safety of SLT. Under defined circumstances, in selected patients and at experienced transplant centers, SLT outcomes can be similar to those obtained in full organ LT. Thus, SLT is an important tool to reduce the donor organ shortage and waitlist mortality, especially for pediatric patients and small adults. The present review gives an overview of technical aspects, current developments, and clinical outcomes of SLT.

关键词： Liver transplantation organ shortage in situ split extended right lobe left lateral lobe living donor

Effects of immune cells on mesenchymal stem cells during fracture healing

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第11期13卷 1667-1695页

作者： Sabrina Ehnert Borna Relja katharina schmidt-Bleek Verena Fischer Anita Ignatius Caren Linnemann Helen Rinderknecht Markus Huber-Lang Miriam Kalbitz Tina Histing Andreas K Nussler Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen Department of Trauma and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany Experimental Radiology Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineOttovon-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg 39120Germany Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center of Regenerative Therapies Charité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 13353Germany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics Ulm University Medical CenterUlm 89091Germany Institute for Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology(ITI) University Hospital UlmUlm 89091Germany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Hospital Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen 91054Germany

In vertebrates,bone is considered an osteoimmune system which encompasses functions of a locomotive organ,a mineral reservoir,a hormonal organ,a stem cell pool and a cradle for immune *** osteoimmune system is based on cooperatively acting bone and immune cells,cohabitating within the bone *** are highly interdependent,a fact that is confounded by shared progenitors,mediators,and signaling *** fracture healing requires the participation of all the precursors,immune and bone cells found in the osteoimmune *** evidence demonstrated that changes of the immune cell composition and function may negatively influence bone *** this review,first the interplay between different immune cell types and osteoprogenitor cells will be elaborated more *** separate paragraphs focus on the specific cell types,starting with the cells of the innate immune response followed by cells of the adaptive immune response,and the complement system as mediator between ***,a brief overview on the challenges of preclinical testing of immunebased therapeutic strategies to support fracture healing will be given.

关键词： Trauma Bones Immune response Mesenchymal stem cells Fracture healing

Human immune cells＇ behavior and survival under bioenergetically restricted conditions in an in vitro fracture hematoma model

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第2期10卷 151-158页

作者： Paula Hoff Patrick Maschmeyer Timo Gaber Tabea Schiitze Tobias Raue katharina schmidt-Bleek Rene Dziurla Saskia Schellmann Ferenz Leonard Lohanatha Eric Rohner Andrea Ode Gerd-Riidiger Burmester Georg N Duda Carsten Perka Frank Buttgereit Department of Rheumatelogy and Clinical Immunology Charite University Hospital Berlin Germany German Arthritis Research Center (DRFZ) Berlin Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Berlin Germany Julius Wolff Institute Berlin Germany Department of Orthopedics Charite University Hospital Berlin Germany These authors contributed equally to this work

The initial inflammatory phase of bone fracture healing represents a critical step for the outcome of the healing process. However, both the mechanisms initiating this inflammatory phase and the function of immune cells present at the fracture site are poorly understood. In order to study the early events within a fracture hematoma, we established an in vitro fracture hematoma model： we cultured hematomas forming during an osteotomy （artificial bone fracture） of the femur during total hip arthroplasty （THA） in vitro under bioenergetically controlled conditions. This model allowed us to monitor immune cell populations, cell survival and cytokine expression during the early phase following a fracture. Moreover, this model enabled us to change the bioenergetical conditions in order to mimic the in vivo situation, which is assumed to be characterized by hypoxia and restricted amounts of nutrients. Using this model, we found that immune cells adapt to hypoxia via the expression of angiogenic factors, chemoattractants and pro-inflammatory molecules. In addition, combined restriction of oxygen and nutrient supply enhanced the selective survival of lymphocytes in comparison with that of myeloid derived cells （i.e., neutrophils）. Of note, non-restricted bioenergetical conditions did not show any similar effects regarding cytokine expression and/or different survival rates of immune cell subsets. In conclusion, we found that the bioenergetical conditions are among the crucial factors inducing the initial inflammatory phase of fracture healing and are thus a critical step for influencing survival and function of immune cells in the early fracture hematoma.

关键词： apoptosis fracture hematoma model hypoxia immune cells inflammation

Targeting Epac2 and GluA3-containing AMPARs:a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3223-3224页

作者： Tong Zhang Martina schmidt Department of Molecular Pharmacology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands School of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests progressive decline in memory and *** the early stage of AD,memory retrieval is impaired preceding memory acquisition and consolidation(Roy et al.,2016).Prior to the onset of symptoms,pathological amyloid-β(Aβ)plagues and tau protein tangles accumulate in extracellular and intracellular spaces,respectively,leading to *** these hallmark pathologies,Aβ is proposed to be the primary etiology by triggering a cascade of pathogenic events,including neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,tau hyperphosphorylation,synaptic/neuronal dysfunction,and neuronal death(Zhang et al.,2023b).

关键词： Alzheimer impaired Aβ

Management of cataract surgery in Lowe syndrome

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1198-1202页

作者： katharina Eibenberger Sandra Rezar-Dreindl Franz Pusch Ursula schmidt-Erfurth Eva Stifter Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Anesthesiology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria

AIM: To evaluate the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic management of cataract surgery in children with Lowe syndrome receiving lens removal, the development and management of secondary ***: This retrospective case series included 12 eyes of 6 children with genetically verified Lowe syndrome receiving cataract removal. Information regarding the type and duration of surgery and total anesthesia time were recorded. Additionally, intra-and postoperative complications were noted as well as clinical examinations such as visual acuity and funduscopy. RESULTS: All children received simultaneous bilateral cataract surgery at the mean age of 8.98±3.58 wk. Lensectomy combined with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed in all children. The mean time for cataract surgery per eye was 35.83±8.86 min, whereas the total time of surgery was 153.33±22.11 min. The mean extubation time and duration at recovery room was 42.33±22.60 min and 130.00±64.37 min, respectively. During surgery, a decrease of oxygen saturation below 93% was found in only one child. During the postoperative followup, nystagmus(6 children) and strabismus(5 children) was commonly found in contrast to no case of visual axis opacification. Secondary glaucoma developed in five eyes of three children, which was treated with topical eye drops in only one child. A trabeculectomy was performed in both eyes of one child, whereas removal of syechia and an iridectomy in one eye of one child. CONCLUSION: Bilateral simultaneous cataract surgery under general anesthesia is a safe surgical procedure in Lowe syndrome children. The glaucoma screening with intraocular pressure measurements is crucial in the postoperative management of Lowe syndrome patients to avoid additional visual impairment.

关键词： Lowe syndrome congenital cataract pediatric cataract surgery

Modelling of particle layer detachment—Role of transient kinetic effects

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Particuology 2009年第1期7卷 45-51页

作者： Eberhard schmidt Faculty D-Safety Engineering/Environmental Protection University of WuppertalBuilding FFRainer-Gruenter-StrasseD-42119 WuppertalGermany

Particle layers tend to build up on wails in many filtration and separation processes, calling for periodic removal in order to keep the apparatus running. Important factors are the adhesion of the layer on the substrate and the cohesion of the particles in the layer. Models describing such layer detachment generally assume constant and homogeneous conditions for the forces acting on the layer. But in reality detachment is extremely non-stationary concerning place and time, primarily due to changing conditions of the detaching forces on the one hand and changes in the particle layer morphology on the other. This paper describes a model and a simulation based on this model considering such transient kinetic effects, for which some computing results are presented and discussed.

关键词： Adhesive forces Filter cleanability Dust cake discharge Patchy cleaning

Quantification of particle separation using electrostatically charged spray mist in a dust chamber

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Particuology 2021年第5期19卷 92-98页

作者： Marcel Zillgitt Eberhard schmidt Institute of Particle Technology Rainer Gruenter StraBeBuilding FFCampusFreudenbergBergische Universitat Wuppertal42119 WuppertalGermany

In order to improve the efficiency of reducing fine dust emissions from diffuse sources,the commonly used water mist can be electrostatically ***,the attraction between particles and droplets increases due to electrostatic field *** the experimental investigations carried out,an electrostatic two-fluid nozzle was used to generate a charged spray mist according to the principle of charging by *** a chamber,dispersed dust was precipitated with the spray mist,while detecting the laser light *** means of comparative measurements it could be shown that faster sedimentation and separation takes place through electrostatic *** variations regarding the use of compressed air and water were investigated and the sedimentation time of the particle-droplet mixture in the chamber was shown.A size distribution was then calculated from the laser light attenuation,which shows that the proportion of small particles decreases with spray ***,the influence of the polarity of droplets and solid particles on the reduction measure was determined.

关键词： Dust separation Spray mist Electrostatic Dust chamber Laser light attenuation Charging by induction

Navigation sensors and systems in GNSS degraded and denied environments

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第1期28卷 1-10页

作者： George T.schmidt IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society

Position, velocity, and timing（PVT） signals from the Global Positioning System（GPS）are used throughout the world but the availability and reliability of these signals in all environments has become a subject of concern for both civilian and military applications. This presentation summarizes recent advances in navigation sensor technology, including GPS, inertial, and other navigation aids that address these concerns. Also addressed are developments in sensor integration technology with several examples described, including the Bluefin-21 system mechanization.

关键词： navigation inertial GNSS environments receiver degraded military addressed presentation advances

Machine learning guided high-throughput search of non-oxide garnets

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1717-1725页

作者： Jonathan schmidt Hai-Chen Wang Georg schmidt Miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099 HalleGermany

Garnets have found important applications in modern technologies including magnetorestriction,spintronics,lithium batteries,*** overwhelming majority of experimentally known garnets are oxides,while explorations(experimental or theoretical)for the rest of the chemical space have been limited in scope.A key issue is that the garnet structure has a large primitive unit cell,requiring a substantial amount of computational *** perform a comprehensive search of the complete chemical space for new garnets,we combine recent progress in graph neural networks with high-throughput *** apply the machine learning model to identify the potentially(meta-)stable garnet systems before performing systematic density-functional calculations to validate the *** discover more than 600 ternary garnets with distances to the convex hull below 100 meV⋅atom−*** includes sulfide,nitride,and halide *** analyze their electronic structure and discuss the connection between the value of the electronic band gap and charge balance.

关键词： structure sulfide oxides