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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 1469-1481页

作者： kate l.m.elder Joel Berry Aurélien Perron Brandon Bocklund Jibril Shittu Connor J.Rietema Hunter B.Henderson Scott K.mcCall Joseph T.mcKeown materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA.✉

Here the discovery of refractory multi-principal element alloys(mPEAs)with high-temperature strength and stability is pursued within a constrained and application-relevant design space.A comprehensive approach is developed and applied to explore all 165 ternary systems in the Al-Ce-Fe-Hf-mo-Nb-Ta-Ti-V-W-Zr family.A subset of ternary systems that contain large areas in composition–temperature space with high strength and robust BCC phase stability is *** sets of high-performing alloys are identified,each set optimized for one combination of phase constraint,optimization target,and temperature *** mechanical tests support the viability of the *** work highlights the importance of considering phase stability,exploring non-equiatomic regions of composition space,and applying application-relevant *** I and II provide three down-selection techniques for identifying high-performing BCC refractory mPEAs,design guidelines,and many candidates predicted to have BCC phase stability and strengths 2–3 times higher than any reported to date.

关键词： alloys element ternary

The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel J.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah J.Piper Ryan T.elder Raveena R.mishra Taylor l.marti Phoebe m.Omuro Rylie m.Roddick Jae Sung lee William l.murphy Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclus

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

Predicting an Athlete’s Physiological and Haematological Response to live High-Train High Altitude Training Using a Hypoxic Sensitivity Test

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第4期4卷 371-385页

作者： Gareth Turner kate l.Spilsbury David J.Green Barry W.Fudge Jamie S.m.Pringle Alan J.Richardson Neil S.maxwell Environmental Extreme laboratory University of BrightonEastbourneUK English Institute of Sport Bisham AbbeyUK Queensland Academy of Sport BrisbaneAustralia English Institute of Sport LoughboroughUK Aspire Academy DohaQatar University of Birmingham BirminghamUK

Purpose Elite endurance runners frequently utilise live high-train high(lHTH)altitude training to improve endurance per-formance at sea level(Sl).Individual variability in response to the hypoxic exposure have resulted in contradictory *** the present case study,changes in total haemoglobin mass(tHbmass)and physiological capacity,in response to 4-weeks of lHTH were *** tested if a hypoxic sensitivity test(HST)could predict altitude-induced adaptations to *** Fifteen elite athletes were selected to complete 4-weeks of lHTH(~2400 m).Athletes visited the laboratory for preliminary testing(PRE),to determine lactate threshold(lT),lactate turn point(lTP),maximal oxygen uptake VO_(2max)and *** lHTH,athletes completed daily physiological measures[arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)and body mass]and subjective wellbeing *** was repeated,for those who completed the full camp,post-lHTH(POST).Additionally,athletes completed the HST prior to *** A difference(Pm PRE to POST in average tHbmass(1.8%±3.4%),VO_(2max)(2.7%±3.4%),lT(6.1%±4.6%)and lTP(5.4%±3.8%),after 4-weeks *** revealed a decrease in oxygen saturation at rest(ΔSp_(r))and higher hypoxic ventilatory response at rest(HVRr)predicted individual changes *** hypoxic cardiac response at rest(HCRr)and higher HVRr predicted individual changes VO_(2max).Conclusion Four weeks of lHTH at~2400 m increased tHbmass and enhanced physiological capacity in elite endurance *** was no observed relationship between these changes and baseline characteristics,pre-lHTH serum ferritin levels,or reported incidents of musculoskeletal injury or *** HST did however,estimate changes in tHbmass and VO_(2max).HST prior to lHTH could allow coaches and practitioners to better inform the acclimatisation strategies and train-ing load application of endurance runners at altitude.

关键词： Altitude training Runners Endurance Haemoglobin mass Performance Hypoxic sensitivity

Intermittent suckling with or without comingling of non-littermate piglets before weaning improves piglet performance in the immediate post-weaning period when compared with conventional weaning

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 721-732页

作者： Diana l.Turpin Pieter langendijk kate Plush John R.Pluske School of Veterinary and life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Trouw Nutrition Veerstraat 38Boxmeer 5831 iNThe Netherlands South Australian Research and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusJS Davis BuildingRoseworthySA 5371Australia Present address:SunPork Farms 563 Coleman RoadPinkerton PlainsSA 5400Australia

Background： In this experiment, intermittent suckling（IS） with or without the co-mingling（Co m） of piglets was studied as a method to stimulate solid feed intake and reduce post-weaning ***： Three weaning regimes using 30 multiparous sows were compared：（1） conventional weaning（CW）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets had continuous access to the sow until weaning（d 0, farrowing = d-25 relative to weaning）;（2） intermittent suckling（IS）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets were separated from the sow for 8 h/d starting at d-7（relative to weaning）; and（3） intermittent suckling with co-mingling（ISCo）（n = 10 litters） where IS started at d-7 and two litters were housed together during separation and then returned to their original sow. Ad libitum creep feed was available from d-17. At weaning pigs were housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo treatment was divided in half to examine effects of different mixing strategies after weaning. Half of the ISCo litters were kept in familiar groups（ISCo F, familiar, n = 4） and the other half were mixed within treatment resulting in groups of unfamiliar pigs（ISCo NF, not familiar, n = 5）, the same as IS（n = 9） and CW（n = 9） ***： The ISCo piglets ate more creep feed in the week before weaning（P 〈 0.01）, but also showed more aggressive and manipulative behaviour on first day of Co m compared with CW piglets（P 〈 0.05）. IS with or without Co m increased exploratory and play behaviour on the first day of treatment intervention（P 〈 0.001） and increased sleeping behaviour on the last day of treatment intervention compared with CW（P 〈 0.001）. mixing strategy at weaning had an effect on performance data with the highest growth and feed intake seen in ISCo F pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈0.001）. IS and ISCo NF pigs also grew faster and ate more than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈 0.001）. Post-weaning injury scores suggested reduced aggression in ISCo as evidenced by reduced redness（skin irritation）（P 〈 0.05）, a

关键词： Behaviour Co-mingling Intermittent suckling Piglet Weaning

Research advances on internal processes affecting tropical cyclone intensity change from 2018–2022

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第1期12卷 10-29页

作者： Xiaomin Chen Christopher m.Rozoff Robert F.Rogers Kristen l.Corbosiero Dandan Tao Jian-Feng Gu Falko Judt Eric A.Hendricks Yuqing Wang michael m.Bell Daniel P.Stern kate D.musgrave John A.Knaff John Kaplan NOAA/OAR/Atlantic Oceanographic and meteorological laboratory MiamiUSA University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleUSA National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderUSA University at Albany/State University of New York AlbanyUSA University of Bergen BergenNorway Nanjing University NanjingChina University of Reading ReadingUK University of Hawaii at manoa HonoluluUSA Colorado State University Fort CollinsUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research MontereyUSA NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research Fort CollinsUSA Department of Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleUSA

This contribution summarizes the significant progress in a variety of topic areas related to internal tropical cyclone(TC)intensity change processes over 2018–2022 from the WmO Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10).These topic areas include surface and boundary layer processes;TC internal structure and microphysical processes;and,radiation interactions with *** studies better frame the uncertainty in the surface drag and enthalpy coefficients at high wind *** parameters greatly impact TC intensity and it is therefore important that more direct measurements of these boundary layer parameters are *** significant scientific strides have been made in TC boundary *** advancements have been achieved through improved coupled models,large-eddy simulations,theoretical advance-ments,and detailed *** is now clear that the research field needs to better represent the eddy viscosity throughout the depth of the boundary ***,detailed study of coherent structures in TC boundary layers will likely be a propitious direction for the research ***,in-depth observational field campaigns and assiduous data analysis have made significant headway into verifying theory and modeling studies of intensification processes related to TC vortex alignment,efficient latent heating distributions,and overall 3D *** efforts have also been made to better understand the intricate roles radiative processes play in TC evolution and intensity ***,some promising progress has been made in the development of time-dependent theories of TC intensification and the predictability of internal TC intensity ***,there have been well-earned gains in the understanding of intensity change processes intrinsic to the TC system,but the journey is not *** paper highlights some of the most relevant and important research areas that are still shedding new light into internal fa

关键词： Tropical cyclone Intensity Internal dynamics Boundary-layer processes Observations Predictability

Gastroenterology in developing countries:Issues and advances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2839-2854页

作者： kate l mandeville Justus Krabshuis Nimzing Gwamzhi ladep Chris JJ mulder Eamonn mm Quigley Shahid A Khan Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences University College London Hampstead Campus Royal Free Hospital London NW3 2PF United Kingdom Highland Data Les Charleix 24390 Tourtoirac Dordogne France Department of medicine University of Jos and Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Plateau State P.M.B. 2076 Nigeria Department of Gastroenterology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam 1081 HV Holland World Gastroenterology Organisation and Department of medicine National University of Ireland Cork University Hospital Clinical Sciences Building Wilton Cork Ireland Department of Hepatology and Gastro-enterology Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Campus London W2 1NY United Kingdom

Developing countries shoulder a considerable burden of gastroenterological disease. Infectious diseases in particular cause enormous morbidity and mortality. Diseases which afflict both western and developing countries are often seen in more florid forms in poorer countries. Innovative techniques continuously improve and update gastroenterological practice. However, advances in diagnosis and treatment which are commonplace in the West, have yet to reach many developing countries. Clinical guidelines, based on these advances and collated in resource-rich environments,lose their relevance outside these settings. In this two-part review, we first highlight the global burden of gastroenterological disease in three major areas: diarrhoeal diseases, hepatitis B, and Helicobacter pylori . Recent progress in their management is explored, with consideration of future solutions. The second part of the review focuses on the delivery of clinical services in developing countries. Inadequate numbers of healthcare workers hamper efforts to combat gastroenterological disease. Reasons for this shortage are examined, along with possibilities for increased specialist training. Endoscopy services, the mainstay of gastroenterology in the West, are in their infancy in many developing countries. The challenges faced by those setting up a service are illustrated by the example of a Nigerian endoscopy unit. Finally, we highlight the limited scope of many clinical guidelines produced in western countries. Guidelines which take account of resource limitations in the form of "cascades" are advocated in order to make these guidelines truly global. Recognition of the different working conditions facing practitioners worldwide is an important step towards narrowing the gap between gastroenterology in rich and poor countries.

关键词：发展中国家胃肠病传染性疾病预防措施

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中美烧结材料市场的机遇与合作

粉末冶金技术 2004年第5期22卷 308-309页

作者： Sharon l.elder 吴运新美国宾州州立大学新型烧结制品中心清华大学机械系北京100084

中国的烧结材料(S/m)行业如何去适应国际市场?经济与全球安全方面的需要正在考验我们的科学、工程和技术能力,国际化网络也因此越来越重要.面对新的挑战,烧结材料行业必须做好提供新型产品的准备,而优胜者将是那些适应不断变化的市场和... 详细信息

中国的烧结材料(S/m)行业如何去适应国际市场?经济与全球安全方面的需要正在考验我们的科学、工程和技术能力,国际化网络也因此越来越重要.面对新的挑战,烧结材料行业必须做好提供新型产品的准备,而优胜者将是那些适应不断变化的市场和技术进步,并且能够同其它加工技术进行有效竞争的企业.

关键词：企业市场行业中国合作有效竞争机遇准备适应变化

Development of a modular, biocompatible thiolated gelatin microparticle platform for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第3期8卷 45-56页

作者： Hannah A.Pearce Yu Seon Kim Emma Watson Kiana Bahrami mollie m.Smoak Emily Y.Jiang michael elder Tate Shannon Antonios G.mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice University6500 Main StreetHoustonTX 77030USA

The field of biomaterials has advanced significantly in the past *** the growing need for high-throughput manufacturing and screening,the need for modular materials that enable streamlined fabrication and analysis of tissue engineering and drug delivery schema has *** are a powerful platform that have demonstrated promise in enabling these technologies without the need to modify a bulk *** building block paradigm of using microparticles within larger scaffolds to control cell ratios,growth factors and drug release holds *** microparticles(GmPs)are a well-established platform for cell,drug and growth factor *** of the challenges in using GmPs though is the limited ability to modify the gelatin *** the present work,we hypothesized that by thiolating gelatin before microparticle formation,a versatile platform would be created that preserves the cytocompatibility of gelatin,while enabling post-fabrication *** thiols were not found to significantly impact the physicochemical properties of the ***,the thiolated GmPs were demonstrated to be a biocompatible and robust platform for mesenchymal stem cell ***,the thiolated particles were able to be covalently modified with a maleimide-bearing fluorescent dye and a peptide,demonstrating their promise as a modular platform for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.

关键词： gelatin microparticles thiolated gelatin microparticles click chemistry cell delivery drug delivery tissue engineering biomaterials

10-minute Consultation The Watery Eye

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英国医学杂志中文版 2012年第4期15卷 253-254页

作者： Esmaeil m Arbabi Faisal A Arshad kate Holden Zia l Carrim

A 58 year old woman complains tu her general practitioner of watery eyes of several months' *** finds the problem embarrassing,and symptoms are particularly bad on cold windy days.A 58 year old woman complains to her ... 详细信息

关键词：眼科疾病治疗方法临床分析

A database of experimentally measured lithium solid electrolyte conductivities evaluated with machine learning

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 2265-2278页

作者： Cameron J.Hargreaves michael W.Gaultois luke m.Daniels Emma J.Watts Vitaliy A.Kurlin michael moran Yun Dang Rhun morris Alexandra morscher kate Thompson matthew A.Wright Beluvalli-Eshwarappa Prasad Frédéric Blanc Chris m.Collins Catriona A.Crawford Benjamin B.Duff Jae Evans Jacinthe Gamon Guopeng Han Bernhard T.leube Hongjun Niu Arnaud J.Perez Aris Robinson Oliver Rogan Paul m.Sharp Elvis Shoko manel Sonni William J.Thomas Andrij Vasylenko lu Wang matthew J.Rosseinsky matthew S.Dyer Department of Chemistry University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZDUK leverhulme Research Centre for Functional materials Design Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NYUK Department of Computer Science University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUK Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZFUK

The application of machine learning models to predict material properties is determined by the availability of high-quality *** present an expert-curated dataset of lithium ion conductors and associated lithium ion conductivities measured by *** *** dataset has 820 entries collected from 214 sources;entries contain a chemical composition,an expert-assigned structural label,and ionic conductivity at a specific temperature(from 5 to 873°C).There are 403 unique chemical compositions with an associated ionic conductivity near room temperature(15–35°C).The materials contained in this dataset are placed in the context of compounds reported in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database with unsupervised machine learning and the Element movers *** dataset is used to train a CrabNet-based classifier to estimate whether a chemical composition has high or low ionic *** classifier is a practical tool to aid experimentalists in prioritizing candidates for further investigation as lithium ion conductors.

关键词： spectroscopy lithium classifier