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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： matthew D.Geiger Anne m.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove karen L.Christopher Richard S.Davidson michael J.Taravella Naresh mandava Jennifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIm:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract surgery.mETHODS:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of medicine.Data collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the study.RESULTS:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the study.Ocular comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for confounders.males had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer significant.males were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/25.CONCLUSION:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for males.However,observed surgical complication rates exhibit almost no difference by sex afte

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati karen Chang Anton Lennikov menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi Christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor loss.Previous research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor survival.This study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal degeneration.Additionally,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem humans.In this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms.To investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with age.Human retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in vitro.Photoreceptor density was evaluated by rhodopsin immunolabeling.In vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp waveforms.Retinal function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OmR),respectively.Immunolabeling was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse retinas.Oscilloscope recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest voltage.Evaluation of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human eyes.The temperature recordings during and after electrical

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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Epidemiology of work-related hand and wrist injuries in a referral center: A descriptive study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 650-659页

作者： Angélica m Rodríguez Ginna P Tocanchón Jessica T Villalba Luis m Pombo Aníbal A Teherán Gabriel Camero-Ramos karen P Ayala Gerhard m Acero Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Red Cross Cruz Roja Colombiana-Seccional Cundinamarca BogotáBogotá111221Colombia Vigilancia Epidemiológica Instituto Nacional de SaludBogotá111321Colombia

BACKGROUND Occupational hand and wrist injuries(OHWIs)account for 25%of work-related accidents in low-and middle-income countries.In Colombia,more than 500000 occupational accidents occurred in 2021,and although the rate declined to less than 5%in 2020 and 2021,at least one in four accidents involved a hand or wrist injury.AIm To describe the OHWIs in workers seen at the emergency room at a second-level hospital in Colombia.mETHODS An observational study was performed using data from workers who experienced OHWIs and attended a second-level hospital,between June,2020 and may,2021.The overall frequency of OHWIs,as well as their distribution by sociodemo-graphic,clinical,and occupational variables,are described.Furthermore,association patterns between sex,anatomical area(fingers,hand,wrist),and type of job were analyzed by correspondence analysis(CA).RESULTS There were 2.101 workers treated for occupational accidents,423(20.3%)were cases of OHWIs,which mainly affected men(93.9%)with a median age of 31 years and who worked mainly in mining(75.9%).OHWIs were more common in the right upper extremity(55.3%)and comprised different types of injuries,such as contusion(42.1%),laceration(27.9%),fracture(18.7%),and crush injury(15.6%).They primarily affected the phalanges(95.2%),especially those of the first finger(25.7%).The CAs showed associations between the injured anatomical area and the worker’s job that differed in men and women(explained variance>90%).CONCLUSION One out of five workers who suffered occupational accidents in Cundinamarca,Columbia had an OHWI,affecting mainly males employed in mining.This occupational profile is likely to lead to prolonged rehabilitation,and permanent functional limitations.Our results might be useful for adjusting preventive measures in cluster risk groups.

关键词： Accidents Occupational Epidemiology Hand injuries Wrist injuries Occupational health

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Clinical and demographic features of patients undergoing videocapsule endoscopy management:A descriptive study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 424-431页

作者： maría C mejía Luis G Piñeros Luis m Pombo Laura A León Jenny A Velásquez Aníbal A Teherán karen P Ayala Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Fundación Universitaria Juan N.Corpas Bogotá111321Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Universidad Militar Nueva GranadaBogotá111711Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Clínica San RafaelBogotá111711Colombia

BACKGROUND Video-capsule endoscopy(VCE)is an efficient tool that has proven to be highly useful in approaching several gastrointestinal diseases.VCE was implemented in Colombia in 2003,however current characterization of patients undergoing VCE in Colombia is limited,and mainly comes from two investigations conducted before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period.AIm To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing VCEs and establish the main indications,findings,technical limitations,and other outstanding features.mETHODS A descriptive study was carried out using data from reports of VCE(PillCam SB3 system)use in a Gastroenterology Unit in Bogotá,Colombia between September 2019 and January 2023.Demographic and clinical variables such as indication for the VCE,gastric and small bowel transit times(GTT,SBTT),endoscopic preparation quality,and limitations were described[n(%),median(IQR)].RESULTS A total of 133 VCE reports were analyzed.most were in men with a median age of 70 years.The majority had good preparation(96.2%),and there were technical limitations in 15.8%of cases.The main indications were unexplained anemia(91%)or occult bleeding(23.3%).The median GTT and SBTT were 14 and 30 minutes,respectively.The frequencies of bleeding stigma(3.79%)and active bleeding(9.09%)were low,and the most frequent abnormal findings were red spots(28.3%),erosions(17.6%),and vascular ectasias(12.5%).CONCLUSION VCE showed high-level safety.The main indication was unexplained anemia.Active bleeding was the most frequent finding.Combined with artificial intelligence,VCE can improve diagnostic precision and targeted therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Endoscopy Video-capsule endoscopy Capsule endoscopy Gastrointestinal diseases Observational study Gastrointestinal bleeding

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Deregulation of interferon-gamma receptor 1 expression and its implications for lung adenocarcinoma progression

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第2期15卷 195-207页

作者： Angeles C Tecalco-Cruz karen H medina-Abreu Enrique Oropeza-martínez Jesus Zepeda-Cervantes AleidaVázquez-macías marina macías-Silva Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de MéxicoCDMX 03100Mexico Facultad de medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de MéxicoCDMX 03100Mexico Instituo de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico

Interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)plays a dual role in cancer;it is both a pro-and an antitumorigenic cytokine,depending on the type of cancer.The deregulation of the IFN-γcanonic pathway is associated with several disorders,including vulner-ability to viral infections,inflammation,and cancer progression.In particular,the interplay between lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)and viral infections appears to exist in association with the deregulation of IFN-γsignaling.In this mini-review,we investigated the status of the IFN-γsignaling pathway and the expression level of its components in LUAD.Interestingly,a reduction in IFNGR1 expression seems to be associated with LUAD progression,affecting defenses against viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.In addition,alterations in the expression of IFNGR1 may inhibit the antiproliferative action of IFN-γsignaling in LUAD.

关键词： Interferon-gamma IFNGR1 JAK1 Antiviral Anti-tumor Lung adenocarcinoma

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2023年美国麻醉医师学会神经肌肉阻滞监测与拮抗实践指南:美国麻醉医师学会工作组关于神经肌肉阻滞的报告

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中华麻醉学杂志 2024年第5期44卷 518-542页

作者： Stephan R.Thilen Wade A.Weigel michael m.Todd Richard P.Dutton Cynthia A.Lien Stuart A.Grant Joseph W.Szokol Lars I.Eriksson myron Yaster mark D.Grant madhulika Agarkar Anne m.marbella Jaime F.Blanck karen B.Domino 西雅图华盛顿州明尼阿波里斯明尼苏达州达拉斯得克萨斯州密尔沃基威斯康星州教堂山北卡罗来纳州洛杉矶加利福尼亚州斯德哥尔摩瑞典丹佛科罗拉多州绍姆堡伊利诺斯州巴尔的摩马里兰州

本实践指南基于证据提供了全身麻醉期间及术后神经肌肉功能监测与阻滞拮抗的管理推荐。主要关注神经肌肉功能监测的类型与部位及阻滞拮抗的过程,以减少肌肉松弛药残留阻滞。

关键词：神经肌肉阻滞肌肉松弛药神经肌肉功能监测舒更葡糖钠新斯的明

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Confirmation of a Sub-Saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf:TOI-1194 b and a Very Low mass Companion Star: TOI-1251 B from TESS

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 129-143页

作者： Jia-Qi Wang Xiao-Jun Jiang Jie Zheng Hanna Kellermann Arno Riffeser Liang Wang karen A.Collins Allyson Bieryla Lars A.Buchhave Steve B.Howell Elise Furlan Eric Girardin Joao Gregorio Eric Jensen Felipe murgas mesut Yilmaz Sam Quinn Xing Gao Ruo-Yu Zhou Frank Grupp Hui-Juan Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy Of SciencesBeijing 10010China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University Observatory munich Scheinertrsse 1.D-81679 MunichGemany max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden Street.CambridgeMA 02138USA National Space Institute Technical University of DenmarkElektrovejDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPACMail Code 100-221200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA91125USA Grand Pra Observatory Switzerland Department of Physics Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130.USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePA 19081USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(IAC) E-38205 La Laguna.TenerifeSpain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La LagunaSpain Dept.of Astronomy and Space Sciences Ankara UniversityTandogan 06100AnkaraTurkey Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Urumqi No.1 Senior High School Urumqi 830002China Lijiang Gemini Observatory Lijiang 674199China

We report the confirmation of a sub-Saturn-size exoplanet,TOI-1194 b,with a mass of about 0.456+0.055-0.051m_(J),and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5±1.5 mJ,TOI-1251 *** candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS)are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium apertures.The analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide,including telescopes in the Sino-German multiband photometric campaign,which aimed at confirming TESS Objects of Interest(TOIs)using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes,especially for long-period targets.TOI-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric data.We measure an orbital period of 2.310644±0.000001 days,the radius is 0.767+0.045-0.041RJ and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(-7.3)^(+7.9)m s^(-1).TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data,whose orbital period is 5.963054+0.000002-0.000001days,radius is 0.947+0.035-0.033 R_(J) and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849_(-40)^(+42)ms^(-1).

关键词： planets and satellites fundamental parameters-planets and satellites gaseous planets-stars fundamental parameters-stars low-mass-methods data analysis-techniques photometric-techniques spectroscopic

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Neuroimaging perspective in targeted treatment for type 2 diabetes melitus and sleep disorders

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Intelligent medicine 2022年第4期2卷 209-220页

作者： karen m.von Deneen malgorzata A.Garstka Center for Brain Imaging School of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710126China International Joint Research Center for Advanced medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment&Xi’an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information School of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710126China Core Research Laboratory Department of Endocrinologythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710004China Department of Tumor and Immunology Precision Medical InstituteWestern China Science and Technology Innovation PortSchool of Medicinethe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710004China

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2Dm)and sleep disorders(SD)have become important and costly health issues world-wide,particularly in China.Both are common diseases related to brain functional and structural abnormalities involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis.The brains of individuals who suffer from both diseases simultaneously might be different compared to healthy individuals.This review assessed current neuroimaging findings to develop alternative targeted treatments for T2Dm and SD.Relevant articles published between Jan-uary 2002 and September 2021 were searched in Pubmed and Web of Science databases.Generalized treatment methods for T2Dm include dietary/weight-loss management,metformin or a combination of two non-insulin drugs,and melatonin for SD,though alternative therapies including electroacupuncture(EA)have been utilized in treating both of these diseases separately because they are convenient,affordable,and safe.Standard and al-ternative treatments for T2Dm were somehow effective in treating SD.Neuroimaging studies of these disorders can achieve higher treatment efficacy by targeting brain areas,such as the hypothalamus(HYP),as visualized via diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fmRI).DTI and fmRI can map the human brain and are utilized in many experiments.Thus,we propose that neuroimaging studies could be used in treatment of SD in T2Dm.

关键词： Neuroimaging Diabetes mellitus Sleep disorders Alternative medicine Electroacupuncture Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

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The ALmaQUEST Survey XV: The dependence of the molecular-to-atomic gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo Sara L.Ellison David V.Stark Di Li Jingwen Wu karen L.masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan Li Kai Zhang Hongying Chen Shu Liu Sihan Jiao Fanyi meng School of Physics Zhejiang University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College Space Telescope Science Institute Zhejiang Laboratory New Cornerstone Science Laboratory

The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar medium.We compiled a sample of 94 nearby galaxies with observations of multi-phase gas contents by utilizing public H i,CO,and optical IFU data from the ma NGA survey together with new FAST H i observations.In agreement with previous results,our sample shows that the global molecular-to-atomic gas ratio Rmol=log mH2/mH1is correlated with the global stellar mass surface density μ*with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.25and pmass and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star formation rate （sSFR）.The cold gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the H i and CO global profile asymmetry and shape do not significantly rely on Rmol.Thanks to the availability of kpc-scale observations of ma NGA,we decompose galaxies into H ii,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT diagrams.With increasing Rmol,the fraction of H ii regions within1.5 effective radius decreases slightly;the density distribution in the spatially resolved BPT diagram also changes significantly,suggesting changes in metallicity and ionization states.Galaxies with high Rmoltend to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.37 (pmong all parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global Rmol.The dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy ionization states is weak.In contrast,the observed positive relation between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmolindicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metallicity （density）.

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Cx26 heterozygous mutations:role in hyperacusis and vulnerability to noise

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第8期8卷 3551-3552页

作者： karen Tawk mehdi Abouzari Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

In a recent study published in Science Advances,Liu et al.demonstrated that heterozygous deletion of connexin 26(Cx26)in mice is not harmless as they lead to hyperacusis-like hearing oversensitivity.The authors also found that children who carry a single-point heterozygous mutation in the gap junction(GJ)gene Cx26(GJB2)are susceptible to noise,which eventually leads to hearing loss(HL).1 HL affects millions of people worldwide and is considered the most prevalent sensory disorder,encompassing a wide range of heterogeneous characteristics.

关键词： Cx26 noise

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