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Neuropathology of JC virus infection in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in remission

World Journal of Virology 2016年第1期5卷 31-37页

作者： karen s santacruz Gulmohor Roy James spigel Elaine L Bearer Department of Pathology University of New MexicoUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Department of Neurology University of California Department of Pathology Presbyterian Hospital

AIM: To investigate the neuropathology of the brain in a rare case of remission following diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy(PML).METHODs: Consent from the family for an autopsy was obtained, clinical records and radiograms were retrieved. A complete autopsy was performed, with brain examination after fixation and coronal sectioning at 1 cm intervals. Fourteen regions were collected for paraffin embedding and staining for microscopic analysis. Histologic sections were stained with Luxol blue, hematoxylin/eosin, and immunostained for myelin basic protein, neurofilament, sV40 T antigen and p53. The biopsy material was also retrieved and sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and immunostained for sV40 and p53. sections were examined by American Board of Pathology certified pathologists and images captured ***: Review of the clinical records was notable for a history of ulcerative colitis resulting in total colectomy in 1977 and a liver transplant in 1998 followed by immune-suppressive therapy. Neurological symptoms presented immediately, therefore a biopsy was obtained which was diagnosed as PML. Immunotherapy was adjusted and clinical improvement was noted. No subsequent progression was reported. Review of the biopsy demonstrated atypical astrocytes and enlarged hyperchromatic oligodendroglial cells consistent with JC virus infection. strong sV40 and p53 staining was found in glial cells and regions of dense macrophage infiltration were present. On gross examination of the post-mortem brain, a lesion in the same site as the original biopsy in the cerebellum was identified but no other lesions in the brain were found. Microscopic analysis of this cerebellar lesion revealed a loss of myelin and axons, and evidence of axonal damage. This single burned-out lesion was equivocally positive for sV40 antigen with little p53 staining. Examination of thirteen other brain regions found no other occult ***: Our study reveals

关键词： Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy JC virus Remission Demyelinating

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High levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization on Medicago truncatula reduces plant suitability as a host for pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)

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Insect science 2020年第1期27卷 99-112页

作者： Elisa Garzo Eric Rizzo Alberto Fereres s.karen Gomez nstituto de Ciencias Agrarias-Consejo superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(ICA-CsIC) MadridSpain school of Biological sciences University of Northern ColoradoGreeleyColoradoUSA

This study sheds light on a poorly understood area in insect-plant-microbe interactions,focusing on aphid probing and feeding behavior on plants with varying levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungus root *** investigates a commonly occurring interaction of three species:pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum,barrel medic Medicago truncatula,and the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis,examining whether aphid-feeding behavior changes when insects feed on plants at different levels of AM fungus colonization(42% and 84% root length colonized).Aphid probing and feeding behavior was monitored throughout 8 h of recording using the electrical penetration graph(EPG)technique,also,foliar nutrient content and plant growth were ***,aphids took longer to reach their 1st sustained phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants than on the 42% AM plants or on *** aphids showed phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants relative to the 42% AM *** of the 84% AM plants had higher percent carbon(43.7%)relative to controls(40.5%),and the 84% AM plants had reduced percent nitrogen(5.3%)relative to the 42% AM plants(6%).In conclusion,EPG and foliar nutrient data support the hypothesis that modifications in plant anatomy(e.g.,thicker leaves),and poor food quality(reduced nitrogen)in the 84% AM plants contribute to reduced aphid success in locating phloem and ultimately to differences in phloem sap *** work suggests that *** plants benefit from AM symbiosis not only because of increased nutrient uptake but also because of reduced susceptibility to aphids.

关键词： Aphididae arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus electrical penetration graph(EPG) Fabaceae Glomeraceae insect-plant-microbe interactions symbiosis

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Predicting phosphorus sorption isotherm parameters in soil using data of routine laboratory tests

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 694-704页

作者： Kathleen s.DUNNE Nicholas M.HOLDEN karen DALY Teagasc Johnstown CastleEnvironmental Research CentreCo.Wexford Y35TC97(Ireland) UCD school of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4 D04VIW8(Ireland)

Knowledge of phosphorus(P)sorption dynamics across different soil types could direct agronomic and environmental management of *** objective of this study was to predict P isotherm parameters for a national soil population using data of routine laboratory *** and Freundlich sorption parameters were calculated from two different ranges(0-25 and 0-50 mg P L^(-1))using an archive of representative agricultural soil types from *** linear regression(MLR)identified labile forms of aluminium(Al)and iron(Fe),organic matter(OM),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and clay as significant *** and Freundlich sorption capacities,Freundlich affinity constant,and Langmuir buffer capacity were predicted reliably,with R^(2) of independent validation>*** isotherm parameters were predicted from P sorbed at a single concentration of 50 mg P L^(-1)(s_(50)).An MLR prediction of P sorption maximum in the 0-50 mg P L-1 range was achieved,to an accurate standard,using s_(50),OM,and Mehlich-3 Fe(R^(2) of independent calibration and validation being 0.91 and 0.95,respectively).Using Giles’four shapes of isotherms(C,L,H,and s),L non-strict-and C-shaped isotherm curves accounted for 64% and 27% of the soils,*** clustering identified a separation of isotherm curves influenced by two ranges of Mehlich-3 *** with a low range of Mehlich-3 Al(2.5-698 mg kg^(-1))had no incidence of rapid sorption(C shape).single point indices,Al,or available soil data make the regression approach a feasible way of predicting Langmuir parameters that could be included with standard agronomic soil P testing.

关键词： available phosphorus binding fertilizer soil test sorption maximum

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Editorial: Effect of root anatomy and apoplastic barrier development on cadmium uptake in rice

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2019年第5期31卷 361-363页

作者： karen s.Hoy Jagdeesh s.Uppal X.Chris Le Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal with high mobility from soil and known translocation into plants (song et al., 2015).Because the main source of human exposure to Cd is from food consumption, there has been increased res... 详细信息

关键词： Metal contamination Cadmium uptake and translocation Rice cultivar and roots Arsenic,lead,manganese,zinc Water and soil Apoplastic barrier

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Outcomes and management of viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第2期20卷 414-424页

作者： stephen E Congly karen E Doucette Carla s Coffin Liver Unit Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4Z6Canada Division of Infectious Diseases University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Liver transplantation for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)positive patients with viral hepatitis co-infection is increasingly offered in many North American and European liver transplant *** studies have demonstrated acceptable post-transplant outcomes and no increased risk of HIV complications in patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).However,liver transplantation in HIV positive patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)has poorer outcomes overall,requiring careful selection of *** review aims to summarize the published literature on outcomes after transplant in HIV patients with HBV or HCV related end-stage liver disease and recommendations for *** particular the pre-transplant factors impacting outcomes in HCV/HIV co-infected candidates and importance of multidisciplinary management will be discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection Hepatitis C virus Co-infection Liver transplantation

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Microbial methylation of mercury in the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,China

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2018年第6期30卷 218-220页

作者： karen s.Hoy Wei Feng X.Chris Le Department of Chemistry and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta

Methylmercury （MeHg） is an organic form of the global pollutant mercury （Hg） which readily accumulates in fish tissue. A majority of Hg methylation is a result of microbial activity and the abundance of inorganic Hg within the water reservoirs （Eckley et al., 2017）. Compared to natural lakes and rivers, reservoirs have elevated Hg levels from the decompo- sition of recently flooded organic material which promote Hg release and enhance microbial methylation of Hg （Eckley et al., 2017）. Microorganisms containing the gene clusters hgcA and hgcB, such as sulfate reducing bacteria （sRB） and iron reducing bacteria （FeRB）.

关键词： Methyl mercury Microbial community 16s rRNA soil bacteria Floodplains and wetlands

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Controlling human platelet activation with calcium-binding nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2020年第10期13卷 2697-2705页

作者： David Cabrera karen Walker sandhya Moise Neil D.Telling Alan G.s.Harper school of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityGuy Hilton Research CenireThormburrow DriveHartshill Stoke-on Trent ST47QBUK ?Central Electron Microscope Unit School of Life SciencesKeele UniversityNewcastle-under LIymeStaffordshireST55BGUK Department of Chemical Engineering University of BathBath BA27AYUK school of Medicine Keele UniversityNewcastle-under-LymeStaffordshireST55BGUK

Human platelets aggregate at sites of blood vessel damage in response to a rise in their cytosolic calcium *** these cytosolic calcium rises would provide a method to inhibit platelet activation and prevent the unwanted blood clots that causes heart attack and *** we have predicted that calcium accumulation within the lumen of an infolded portion of the platelet plasma membrane called the open canalicular system(OCs)is essential for maintaining this cytosolic calcium *** to its nanometer dimensions of the OCs,it has been difficult to measure or interfere with the predicted luminal calcium *** we utilise iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles coated with the known calcium chelator,citrate,to create calcium-binding *** were used to assess whether an OCs calcium store plays a role in controlling the dynamics of human platelet activation and *** demonstrate that citrate-coated nanoparticles are rapidly and selectively uptaken into the OCs of activated human platelets,where they act to buffer the accumulation of calcium *** with these calcium-binding nanoparticles reduced thrombin-evoked cytosolic calcium rises,and slowed platelet aggregation and clot retraction in human *** contrast,nanoparticles that cannot bind calcium have no *** study demonstrates that the OCs acts as a key source of calcium for maintaining cytosolic calcium rises and accelerating platelet aggregation,and that calcium-binding nanoparticles targeted to the OCs could provide an anti-platelet therapy to treat patients at risk of suffering heart attacks or strokes.

关键词： nanochelators human platelets open canalicular system calcium signaling nanoparticles

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VIsUAL PROGRAMMING FOR BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING:ENERGY AND sHADING ANALYsIs CAsE sTUDIEs

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第4期10卷 28-43页

作者： karen Kensek University of southern California School of ArchitectureWatt Hall#204Los AngelesCA 90089-0291

INTRODUCTION Although visual programming is being broadly implemented in other disciplines,it has only relatively recently become an important supplement to three-dimensional modeling programs in the architecture,engineering,and construction ***,Grasshopper in conjunction with Rhino is a leading example of a visual programming environment that is strongly supported by a user community that is developing additional functionality,but Grasshopper does not yet work directly with building information modeling(BIM)*** is relatively new,but shows considerable promise in becoming a constructive tool to complement BIM,3D modeling,and analysis programs because it includes parametric geom-etries and works with Revit,a leading BIM software *** case studies are described:extensibility of Dynamo through the use of a building energy simu-lation package,controlling a virtual model’s response through light level sensors,and interactively updating shading components for a building facade based on solar *** demonstrate that one can work directly within building information models(BIM)using a visual programming language through updating component *** case studies demonstrate the feasibility of a workflow for sustain-able design simulations that is different than that more commonly used--having a separation between design and analysis models and using a neutral file format exchange such as IFC or gbXML to transfer *** visual programming languages are still a bit uncommon in the building industry,a short background is provided to place them within the tool set of other customizable tools that designers have been developing.

关键词： visual programming language VPL building information modeling BIM Dynamo Revit Grasshopper computational design

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Exploring Loss and Damage at the International Climate Change Talks

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2014年第3期5卷 242-246页

作者： karen Elizabeth McNamara school of Geography Planning and Environmental ManagementThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

In recent years, there has been a growing need to address loss and damage as a result of climate change through international processes. At the most recent November 2013 international climate change talks in Warsaw, 194 countries negotiated the best way to establish institutional arrangements for loss and damage under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. such a decision to establish these arrangements was made in 2012 in Doha in a decision known as the‘‘Doha Gateway.’’ While the 19th(2013) Conference of the Parties succeeded in delivering the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage Associated with Climate Change Impacts, there was concern by some negotiators earlier into the conference that this would never transpire given the staunch disagreements between countries and lobbying blocks on a way forward. This article provides a brief historical overview of loss and damage at the climate change talks, and examines the key discourses defining this issue between 2011 and 2013 by analyzing submissions by lobbying blocks and member countries, and final negotiated texts. These discourses revolve around causality and solutions, compensation, and the relationship between loss and damage and adaptation.

关键词： Adaptation Climate change Loss and damage Mitigation United Nations

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Direct Observation of Arthrobacter 4-Hydroxybenzoyl-Coenzyme A Thioesterase Catalysis complexes using Electrospray Ionization Mass spectrometry

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生物物理学报 2009年第S1期25卷 163-164页

作者： Debra Dunaway-Mariano karen s.Anderson Department of Chemistry University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Department of Pharmacology Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06520 USA

Investigating enzymatic reaction in multimeric enzymes is utmost interest to improve our understanding of the mechanism of enzymatic reaction and regulation. In this study,

关键词： Arthrobacter thioesterase multinary enzyme-ligand complex mass spectrometry

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