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Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry and Rare Earth Oxides can quantify diffuse and convergent soil loss and source apportionment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 633-648页

作者： Pia Benaud karen Anderson Mike R.James Timothy A.Quine John n.Quinton Richard E.Brazier CREWW GeographyFaculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom Environment and Sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenrynCornwallTR109FEUnited Kingdom Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityBailriggLancasterLA14YQUnited Kingdom Geography Faculty of EnvironmentScience and Economy.University of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom

Accurately quantifying rates of soil erosion requires capturing both the volumetric nature of the visible,convergent fluvial pathways(also known as rills)and the subtle nature of the less-visible,diffuse pathways(interrill areas).The aim of this study was to use Rare Earth Oxide(REO)tracers and Structure-from-Motion(SfM)photogrammetry to elucidate retrospective information about soil erosion rates and sediment sources during different soil erosion conditions,within a controlled laboratory *** experimental conditions created erosion events consistent with diffuse and convergent erosion *** tracers allowed the sediment transport distances of over 2 m to be described,and helped resolved the relative contribution of diffuse and convergent soil erosion;interrill areas were also iden-tified as a significant sediment sources soil loss under convergent erosion *** the potential for SfM photogrammetry to resolve sub-millimetre elevations changes was demonstrated,under some conditions non-erosional changes in surface elevation,such as compaction,exceeded volumes of soil loss via diffuse *** discrepancies between SfM Photogrammetry calculations and REO tagged sediment export were beneficial,identifying that during soil erosion events sediment in both aggregate and particle form is deposited within the convergent features,even when the rill extended the full length of the soil *** combination of SfM photogrammetry and REO tracers has provided a novel platform for building a spatial understanding of patterns of soil loss and source apportionment between rill and interrill erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry Rare Earth Oxides Tracers Sediment Rainfall simulator Sheetwash Rilling Interrill

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The molecular implications of a caspase-2-mediated site-specific tau cleavage in tauopathies

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1774-1775页

作者： Peng Liu karen H.Ashe Department of neurology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of neuroscience University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA n.Bud Grossman Center for Memory Research and Care University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Geriatric Research Educationand Clinical CentersVeterans Affairs Medical CenterMinneapolisMNUSA

A major focus of current experimental therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is on modulating post-translational modifications(PTMs)of the microtubule-associated protein *** is a highly soluble,neuronal protein that is comprised of four domains–the n-terminal projection domain,the proline-rich region,the microtubule-binding domain,and the C-terminal *** a scaffold protein,tau dynamically interacts with numerous structural and functional biomolecules,such as cytoskeleton and motor proteins,chaperones,enzymes,DnA,RnA,and *** a dozen types of PTMs,combined with alternative splicing,confer upon tau its enormous structural heterogeneity,which subserves its many(patho-)physiological functions.

关键词： tau structural cleavage

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Cuticular bacteria appear detrimental to social spiders in mixed but not monoculture exposure

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 377-384页

作者： Carl n. KEISER Taylor A. SHEARER lexander E. DEMARCO Hayley A. BRITTInGHAM karen A. KnUTSOn Candice Kuo Katherine ZHAO Jonathan n. PRUITT Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

Much of an animal＇s health status, life history, and behavior are dictated by interactions with its endogenous and exogenous bacterial communities. Unfortunately, interactions between hosts and members of their resident bacterial community are often ignored in animal behavior and behavioral ecology. Here, we aim to identify the nature of host-microbe interactions in a nonmodel organism, the African social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. We collected and identified bacteria from the cuticles of spiders in situ and then exposed spiders to bacterial monocultures cultures via topical application or injection. We also topically inoculated spiders with a concomitant ＂cocktail＂ of bacteria and measured the behavior of spiders daily for 24 days after inoculation. Lastly, we collected and identified bacteria from the cuticles of prey items in the capture webs of spiders, and then fed spiders domestic crickets which had been injected with these bacteria. We also injected 1 species of prey-borne bacteria into the hemolymph of spiders. Only Bacillus thuringiensis caused increased mortality when injected into the hemolymph of spiders, whereas no bacterial monocultures caused increased mortality when applied topically, relative to control solutions. However, a bacterial cocktail of cuticular bacteria caused weight loss and mortality when applied topically, yet did not detectibly alter spider behavior. Consuming prey injected with prey-borne bacteria was associated with an elongated lifespan in spiders. Thus, indirect evidence from multiple experiments suggests that the effects of these bacteria on spider survivorship appear contingent on their mode of colonization and whether they are applied in monoculture or within a mixed cocktail. We urge that follow-up studies should test these host-microbe interactions across different social contexts to determine the role that microbes play in colony performance.

关键词： cuticular bacteria sickness behavior social spider Stegodyphus dumicola.

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Match and training injury incidence in rugby league:A systematic review,pooled analysis,and update on published studies

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第2期4卷 75-84页

作者： Doug A.King Trevor n.Clark Patria A.Hume karen Hind Sports Performance Research Institute new Zealand(SPRInZ) Faculty of Health and Environmental ScienceAuckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand Traumatic Brain Injury network(TBIn) Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia Faculty of Sport Event ManagementTourism and HospitalityInternational College of Management SydneyManlyNSWAustralia Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUnited Kingdom

In studies reporting rugby league injuries,match injuries varied depending upon participation *** review and update pooled data estimates for rugby league injury epidemiology and add information for participation levels in match and training environments.A systematic review and pooled analysis for published studies reporting rugby league match and training *** were performed in the PubMed,CInHAL,ScienceDirect,Scopus,SPORTDiscus,SpringerLink,and Wiley Online *** were considered if they reported on rugby league match or training injuries between Jan 1990 to June *** authors(DK,TC)extracted the study characteristics,numerical data and assessed the article quality,by adhering to the protocol for systematic review of observational studies(MOOSE)and the STrengthening and Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)*** 46 studies included a combined exposure of 419,037 h and 18,783 injuries incorporating 158,003 match-hr and 15,706 match injuries(99.4[95%CI:97.9–101.0]per 1000 match-hr)and 264,033 training-hr and 3077 training injuries(11.8[95%CI:11.4–12.2]per 1000 training-hr).Of included studies,47.9%utilised a medical attention/treatment injury *** was a five-fold difference in injuries for the semi-professional participation level(431.6 per 1000 match-hr)compared with professional(RR:4.92;pnd elite(RR:3.77;pn *** hooker recorded the highest pooled injury incidence(93.1 per 1000 match-hr).Compared to the 2014 analysis there was a 10-fold increase for headneck region(RR:10.7;pnjury incidence,and more injuries for the ball carrier(RR:1.1;p?0.008)and tackler(RR:1.2;p?0.001).There was a three-fold decrease in injury incidence in the first half(RR:2.9;pnd a two-fold decrease in the second half(RR:2.3;pnd training injury incidence had decreased since 2014,the increase in head injuries,and greater injury rate a

关键词： Rugby league Injury epidemiology Match Training Pooled analysis Concussion

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Muscadine or amla extracts standardized to ellagic acid content ameliorate glucolipotoxicity associatedβ-cell dysfunction via inhibition of IL-1βand improved insulin secretion

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 91-101页

作者： Srikanth Earpina karen McDonough Millicent Yeboah-Awudzi Kristina J.Cook Sita Aggarwal Jack n.Losso Chronic Degenerative Disease Prevention Laboratory School of Nutrition and Food ScienceLouisiana State University AgCenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70803USA School of Animal Science Louisiana State University AgCenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70803USA William Hansel Cancer Prevention Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLA 70808USA Louisiana State University System Baton RougeLA 70803USA

Glucolipotocixity induces IL-1βsecretion which impairs pancreaticβ-cell insulin *** acid and urolithin A have strong anti-inflammatory effect on *** and amla are very good sources of ellagic *** present study examined the effect of ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extract,or urolothin A on inflammation inβcells under glucolipotoxic *** nIT-1βcells were incubated in glucolipotoxic conditions(33.3 mM glucose,250μM palmitic acid or 33.3 mM glucose+250μM palmitic acid with or without ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts standardized to its ellagic acid content,or urolithin A).Inflammatory status was evidenced by ELISA analysis of insulin and IL-1β*** acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion and down-regulated IL-1βbetter than pure ellagic acid,or urolithin *** A did not statistically stimulate insulin secretion and did not inhibit IL-1β.

关键词： Muscadine Amla Ellagic acid nIT-1 pancreaticβ-cells glucose,Palmitic acid Glucolipotoxicity IL-1β Inflammation Inflammasome Insulin secretion

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Machine learning enables polymer cloud-point engineering via inverse design

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 523-528页

作者： Jatin n.Kumar Qianxiao Li karen Y.T.Tang Tonio Buonassisi Anibal L.Gonzalez-Oyarce Jun Ye Institute of Materials Research&Engineering 2 Fusionopolis Way#08-03Singapore 138634Singapore Institute of High-Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16Singapore 138632Singapore Massachussets Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139USA

Inverse design is an outstanding challenge in disordered systems with multiple length scales such as polymers,particularly when designing polymers with desired phase *** we demonstrate high-accuracy tuning of poly(2-oxazoline)cloud point via machine *** a design space of four repeating units and a range of molecular masses,we achieve an accuracy of 4℃ root mean squared error(RMSE)in a temperature range of 24–90℃,employing gradient boosting with decision *** RMSE is>3x better than linear and polynomial *** perform inverse design via particle-swarm optimization,predicting and synthesizing 17 polymers with constrained design at 4 target cloud points from 37 to 80℃.Our approach challenges the status quo in polymer design with a machine learning algorithm,that is capable of fast and systematic discovery of new polymers.

关键词： inverse polymer enable

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Crohn's disease genotypes of patients in remission vs relapses after infliximab discontinuation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第36期18卷 5058-5064页

作者： Cathy Lu Alistair Waugh Robert J Bailey Raeleen Cherry Levinus A Dieleman Leah Gramlich Kata Matic Mario Millan karen I Kroeker Daniel Sadowski Christopher W Teshima Dennis Todoruk Clarence Wong karen Wong Richard n Fedorak Division of Gastroenterology Zeidler Ledcor CenterUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Royal Alexandra HospitalEdmontonAB T5H 3V9Canada Division of Gastroenterology Grey Nuns HospitalEdmontonAB T6L 5X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Misericordia HospitalEdmontonAB T5R 4H5Canada

AIM： To investigate genetic differences between Crohn＇s disease （CD） patients with a sustained remission vs relapsers after discontinuing infliximab while in cortico- steroid-free remission. METHODS： Forty-eight CD patients received infliximab and were in full corticosteroid-free clinical remission but then discontinued infliximab for reasons other than a loss of response, were identified by review of an electronic database and charts. Infliximab-associated remis- sion was defined as corticosteroid-free plus normaliza- tion of clinical disease activity [CD activity index （CDAI）〈 150] during follow-up visits based on physician global assessments. A CD relapse （loss of infliximab-induced remission） was clinically defined as a physician visit for symptoms of disease activity （CDAI 〉 220） and a thera- peutic intervention with CD medication（s）, or a hospital- ization with complications related to active CD. Genetic analyses were performed on samples from 14 patients （n = 6 who had a sustained long term remission after stopping infliximab, n -- 8 who rapidly relapsed after stopping infliximab）. nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 （nOD2）/caspase activation recruitment do- main 15 （CARD15） polymorphisms （R702W, G908R and L1007fs） and the inflammatory bowel disease 5 （IBDS） polymorphisms （IGR2060a1 and IGR3081a1） were ana- lyzed in each group. RESULTS： Five single nucleotide polymorphisms of IBD5 and nOD2/CARD15 genes were successfully analyzed for all 14 subjects. There was no signifcant increase in frequency of the nOD2/CARD15 polymor- phisms （R702W, G908R and L1007fs） and the IBD5 polymorphisms （IGR2060al and IGR3081a1） in either group of patients; those whose disease relapsed rap- idly or those who remained in sustained long term remission following the discontinuation of infliximab. nearly a third of patients in full clinical remission who stopped infliximab for reasons other than loss of re- sponse remained in sustained clinical remission, while two-thirds rel

关键词： Infliximab Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease Genotype

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Meat juice contributes to the stability of ethanol adaptation in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第3期5卷 291-296页

作者： Shoukui He karen Fong Siyun Wang Xianming Shi MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety School of Agriculture and BiologyState Key Lab of Microbial MetabolismShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Food Nutrition and HealthFaculty of Land and Food SystemsThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Stability assessme nt of observed tolerance phe no types is integral in un dersta nding stress adaptati on in food-borne ***,the current work was carried out to determine whether ethanol adaptation induced by exposure to 5 percent ethanol for 60 min is a stable phenomenon in Salmonella enterica serovar *** capacity of Salmonella Enteritidis(***)to maintain the acquired ethanol adaptation in the absenee of sublethal ethanol stress was investigated at 37℃,25℃ or 4℃ in Luria-Bertani broth and two types of meat *** was found that ethanol adaptation was completely reversed within 40 min at 37℃ or within 60 min at 25℃,but was stable at 4℃ for at least 48 h in the broth *** adaptation was retained in chicken juice during 60-min incubation at 25℃ or 48h incubation at 4℃.Moreover,exposure to pork juice stored at either 25℃ or 4℃ sigrdficantly(Pncreased the ethanol toleranee of ethanol-adapted ***,these fin dings suggest that ethanol adaptation stability in *** teritidis under cold conditi ons and in meat juices should be take n into acco unt whe n con ducting a comprehensive risk analysis during food processing.

关键词： Salmonella Enteritidis ethanol adaptation stability temperature meat juice.

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Spatial Distribution of nymphs Populations Bactericera cockerelli Sulc in Tomato Crops(Physalis ixocarpa Brot)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第4期88卷 449-458页

作者： Roberto Rivera-Martínez Agustín David Acosta-Guadarrama JoséFrancisco Ramírez-Dávila Fidel Lara Vazquez Dulce karen Figueroa Figueroa Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Cerrillo Piedras Blancas n/n km 15Toluca50200Mexico Laboratory of Entomology Research and Technology in Precision Farming UAEMCerrillo Piedras Blancas n/n km 15Toluca50200México

Tomato crops(Physalis ixocarpa Brot.)are produced in almost all Mexico,part of the United States and Central *** the tomato production has suffered economic losses of 70%to 80%due the presence of yellowing and floral abortion,whose causal agent has been attributed to the presence of phytoplasma;an insect vector of these phytoplasma is Bactericera cockerrelli *** control of this psyllid has lacked effectiveness because their spatial distribution is unknown within tomato *** study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of populations of nymphs of *** in four tomato plots,the determination of the spatial distribution was performed by means of *** experimental semivariogram was determined to adjust to a theoretical model(spherical,exponential or Gaussian)through the program Variowin 2.2,the adjustment was validated with the method of cross-validation and aggregation maps of the pest were obtained through Kriging with Surfer 9.0 *** short-term time-space stability of the pest was determined through the tests Crámer-von *** results showed that populations of nymphs of *** have a distribution of aggregate type,which was corroborated by density *** are not present in 100%of the surface of the experimental plots,which helps to direct control measures on specific areas of infestation.

关键词： Geostatistics Bactericera cockerelli Sulc Kriging

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Identification of a novel population of human cord blood cells with hema-topoietic and chondrocytic potential

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Cell Research 2004年第4期14卷 268-282页

作者： karen E JAY,Anne ROULEAU,T Michael UnDERHILL,Mickie BHATIA Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine The John P. Robarts Research Institute 100 Perth Drive London Ontario n6A 5K8 Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine The John P. Robarts Research Institute 100 Perth Drive London Ontario n6A 5K8 Canada Department of Physiology The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine The John P. Robarts Research Institute 100 Perth Drive London Ontario n6A 5K8 Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada. Department of Physiology The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada

With the exception of mature erythrocytes, cells within the human hematopoietic system are characterized by the cell surface expression of the pan-leukocyte receptor CD45. Here, we identify a novel subset among mononuclear cord blood cells depleted of lineage commitment markers (Lin) that are devoid of CD45 expression. Surprisingly, functional examination of Lin"CD45" cells also lacking cell surface CD34 revealed they were capable of multipotential hematopoietic progenitor capacity. Co-culture with mouse embryonic limb bud cells demonstrated that Lin-CD45-CD34- cells were capable of contributing to cartilage nodules and differentiating into human chondrocytes. BMP-4, a mesodermal factor known to promote chondrogenesis, significantly augmented Lin-CD45-CD34- differentiation into chondrocytes. Moreover, unlike CD34+ human hematopoietic stem cells, Lin-CD45-CD34- cells were unable to proliferate or survive in liquid cultures, whereas single Lin-CD45-CD34- cells were able to chimerize the inner cell mass (IC

关键词： hematopoietic chondrocyte CD45 embryonic.

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