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Invasion of parasitic isopods in marine fishes

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2013年第2期 88-94页

作者： Ganapathy Rameshkumar Samuthirapandian Ravichandran kanagasabapathy sivasubramanian Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine ScienceAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To carry out a detailed three-year observation study on isopod parasites infestation in ***:Fish samples were collected from different localities in various landing centers along the Tamil Nadu coastal *** prevalence and mean intensity were *** proximate composition of infestation and uninfestation were studied in different marine fishes.A comparative analysis of bacteria and fungi in the infected and uninfected regions of fishes were ***:Tweenty six species including 12 genera of isopods(Cymothoidae)distributed in 39 species of marine fishes along the Tamil Nadu *** isopod parasites were attached in three different microhabitats in host fishes viz.,buccal,branchial and body *** exhibited host and site specific *** prevalence 17.11%was recorded in March 2010 and minimum 0.27%in Febuary *** intensity ranged from 1 to 1.7 parasites per fish during the different months from Decmber 2008 to November *** was a decrease in the protein,carbohydrate and lipid content in the infested fishes compared to uninfected fishes.A comparative analysis of bacteria and fungi in the infected and uninfected region of fishes were *** revealed that infected portions had dense bacterial load as observed in the lesions of infected fishes than uninfected ***:Factors which are able to induce parasitic manifestation are stock quality,stocking density,environmental conditions,biological and physiological characteristics of parasite,zoo technical measures,food quantity,feeding strategies,etc.

关键词： Isopod parasite Invasion Microhabitat Occurrence Proximate composition Microbial load

Graphene oxide/hydrotalcite modified polyethersulfone nanohybrid membrane for the treatment of lead ion from battery industrial effluent

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中国化学工程学报:英文版 2023年第8期60卷 253-261页

作者： Sinu Poolachira sivasubramanian Velmurugan Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutCalicut 673601India

In the present study, polyethersulfone based nanohybrid membranes were effectively fabricated by incorporating graphene oxide(GO) and hydrotalcite(HT) nanosheets into the membrane structure. HT was prepared to overcome the irreversible agglomeration behavior of GO at a high concentration which affects the performance of the membranes. In particular, the shedding of HT in formamide provides a two-dimensional nanosheet with a higher positive charge density to prevent the restacking of GO nanosheets. Here, exfoliated GO and HT with different combinations(1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) were infused in the membrane matrix to treat lead-acid battery effluent effectively. Finally, the hybrid membranes were characterized for hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and pure water flux. In combination with the superior properties of GO and HT, the prepared hybrid membranes can be used as effectively to improve the separation and permeation performance. The phase inversion process eliminated the leaching of nanoparticles from the membrane matrix. The reusability of the hybrid membrane was achieved using0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaOH solution and reused without significant reduction in lead removal efficiency. The cost analysis of the membrane was also estimated from the lab study. Therefore, the present study suggested the selective and sustainable treatment of lead from a real-life effluent.

关键词： Nanohybrid membrane Polyethersulfone Graphene oxide Hydrotalcite Lead battery effluent Reusability Cost analysis

Effect of Process Parameters on Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded Cast LM6 Aluminium Alloy Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第5期25卷 655-664页

作者： M.Jayaraman R.sivasubramanian V.Balasubramanian Department of Mechatronics Engineering Kongu Engineering CollegeErodeTamil NaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Centre for Materials Joining&Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalainagarTamil NaduIndia

This paper reports the effect of friction stir welding （FSW） process parameters on tensile strength of cast LM6 aluminium alloy. Joints were made by using different combinations of tool rotation speed, welding speed and axial force each at four levels. The quality of weld zone was investigated using macrostructure and microstructure analysis. Tensile strength of the joints were evaluated and correlated with the weld zone hardness and microstructure. The joint fabricated using a rotational speed of 900 r/min, a welding speed of 75 mm/min and an axial force of 3 kN showed superior tensile strength compared with other joints. The tensile strength and microhardness of the welded joints for the optimum conditions were 166 MPa and 64.8 Hv respectively.

关键词： LM6 aluminium alloy Friction stir welding Tool rotation speed Welding speed Axial force Tensile strength

DTFab:A Digital Twin based Approach for Optimal Reticle Management in Semiconductor Photolithography

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2023年第3期32卷 320-351页

作者： Chandrasekhar Komaralingam sivasubramanian Robert Dodge Aditya Ramani David Bayba Mani Janakiram Eric Butcher Joseph Gonzales Giulia Pedrielli School of Computing and Augmented Inteligence Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Intel Corporation ChandlerAZUSA

Photolithography is among the key phases in chip *** is also among the most expensive with manufacturing equipment valued at the hundreds of millions of *** is paramount that the process is ran efficiently,guaranteeing high resource utilization and low product cycle times.A key element in the operation of a photolithography system is the effective management of the reticles that are responsible for the imprinting of the circuit path on the *** reticles means determining which are appropriate to mount on the very expensive scanners as a function of the product types being released to the *** the importance of the problem,several heuristic policies have been developed in the industry practice in an attempt to guarantee that the expensive tools are never ***,such policies have difficulties reacting to unforeseen events(e.g.,unplanned failures,unavailability of reticles).On the other hand,the technological advance of the semiconductor industry in sensing at system and process level should be harnessed to improve on these"expert policies".In this manuscript,we develop a system for the real time reticle management that not only is able to retrieve information from the real system,but also is able to embed commonly used policies to improve upon *** develop a new digital twin for the photolithography process that efficiently and accurately predicts the system performance,thus allowing our system to make predictions for future behaviors as a function of possible *** results demonstrate the validity of the developed model,and the feasibility of the overall approach demonstrating a statistically significant improvement of performance as compared to the current policy.

关键词： Semiconductor manufacturing reinforcement learning reticle management digital twin

System Identification of Heritage Structures Through AVT and OMA:A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2019年第1期13卷 1-40页

作者： Vinay Shimpi Madappa V.R.sivasubramanian S.B.Singh Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology PuducherryKaraikal609609India Department of Civil Engineering Birla Institute of Technology and Science PilaniPilani333031India

In this review article,the past investigations carried out on heritage structures using Ambient Vibration Test(AVT)and Operational Modal Analysis(OMA)for system identification(determination of dynamic properties like frequency,mode shape and damping ratios)and associated applications are summarized.A total of 68 major research studies on heritage structures around the world that are available in literature are surveyed for this *** first,field investigations carried out on heritage structures prior to conducting AVT are explained in ***,specifications of accelerometers,location of accelerometers and optimization of accelerometer networks have been elaborated with respect to the geometry of the heritage *** addition to this,ambient vibration loads and data acquisition procedures are also ***,the state of art of performing OMA techniques for heritage structures is explained ***,various applications of system identification for heritage structures are ***,conclusions are made towards errorless system identification of heritage structures through AVT and OMA.

关键词： Ambient Vibration Test(AVT) heritage structures Operational Modal Analysis(OMA) structural assessment system identification

Low temperature Raman scattering study of barium doped lead ytterbium tantalate ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2017年第1期7卷 17-21页

作者： Dibyaranjan Rout Swetapadma Praharaj V.Subramanian V.sivasubramanian Department of Physics School of Applied SciencesKIIT University Bhubaneswar-751024OdishaIndia Department of Physics Indian Institute of TechnologyMadras Chennai-600036India Materials Science Division IGCARKalpakkam-603102India

Raman spectra of a complex perovskite system(Pb_(1-x)Ba_(x))(Yb_(0.5)Ta_(0.5))O_(3),x=0.0;0.1 and 0.2 have been studied at low temperature in the range of 10–250 *** fascination of the system is that it undergoes a crossover from a highly ordered antiferroelectric(x=0.0)to ferroelectric(x=0.1)to disordered relaxor ferroelectric(x=0.2).The nature of splitting that prevails in F_(2g)(≈60 cm^(-1)),F_(1g)(≈538 cm^(-1))modes and their gradual merging and disappearance with x indicates an orthorhombic symmetry for x=0.0 and a pseudo-cubic structure for x=*** mode at 420 cm^(-1) suggests the existence of rhombohedral distortion in all the *** soft mode behavior of the F2g modes has been analyzed by fitting the data with the power law ω_(s)=A(T_(C)-T)^(β).

关键词： Perovskite oxides B-site ordering Raman scattering soft mode

Optimization of Lab-Scale Preparation of Biodiesel from Rubber Seed Oil Using Modified Calcium Oxide as Catalyst

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2016年第3期6卷 55-65页

作者： Uma Krishnakumar V. sivasubramanian Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC) Calicut India

Statistical analysis of product yield for biodiesel preparation by transesterification process was performed using the Minitab software. A standard RSM Design tool known as CCD was applied to study the transesterification reaction variables. The obtained parameters were verified experimentally for the transesterification reaction of rubber seed oil using solid metal oxide catalyst. The factors affecting the methyl ester yield during transesterification reaction were identified as the catalyst content, molar ratio of oil to alcohol and reaction time. High methyl ester yield and fast reaction rate could be obtained even if reaction temperature was relatively low, which is quite favorable to the industrial production of biodiesel from the rubber seed oil. 98.54% of methyl ester was formed from the transesterification of RSO with methanol. R-squared is a statistical measure of how close the data are to the fitted regression line. It is also known as the coefficient of determination, or the coefficient of multiple determination for multiple regression. In this study, an R2 value of 0.98 is obtained.

关键词： Biodiesel Rubber Seed Oil Transesterification Calcium Oxide

Anti-chikungunya activity of luteolin and apigenin rich fraction from Cynodon dactylon

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第5期8卷 352-358页

作者： Krishnan Saravana Murali Srinivasan sivasubramanian Savariar Vincent Shanmugaraj Bala Murugan Bupesh Giridaran Sundaram Dinesh Palani Gunasekaran Kaveri Krishnasamy Ramalingam Sathishkumar Plant Genetic Engineering Lab Department of Biotechnology.Bharathiar University Department of Virology King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research Centre for Environmental Research and Development and Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy Loyola College Vellore Institute of Technology Plant Genetic Engineering Lab Department of BiotechnologyBharathiar University

Objective:To obtain Iuteolin and apigenin rich fraction from the ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon(L.)(***) Pers and evaluate the fraction's cytotoxicity and anti-Chikungunya potential using Vero ***:The ethanolic extract of *** was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain anti-chikungunya virus(CHIKV) *** phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies were carried out to identily the major phytochemicals in the fraction using phylochemical *** and the potential of the fraction against CHIKV were evaluated in vitro using Vero *** in viral replication was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) after treating the viral infected Vero cells with the ***:Reverse Phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies confirmed the presence of flavonoids,luteolin and apigenin as major phytochemicals in the anti-CHIKV ethanolic fraction of ***- The fraction was found to exhibit potent viral inhibitory activity(about 98%) at the concentration of 50 μg/mL as observed by reduction in cytopathic effect,and the cytotoxic concentration of the fraction was found to be 250 μg/***-PCR analyses indicated that the reduction in viral mRNA synthesis in fraction treated infected cells was much higher than the viral infected control ***:Luteolin and apigenin rich ethanolic fraction from *** can be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent against CHIKV infection as the fraction does not show cytotoxicity while inhibiting the virus.

关键词： Antiviral activity Chikungunya virus Cynodon dactylon Flavonoids Luteolin Apigenin

In situ synthesis of gold nanostars within liposomes for controlled drug release and photoacoustic imaging

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Science China Materials 2016年第11期59卷 892-900页

作者： Malathi Mathiyazhakan Paul Kumar Upputuri Kathyayini sivasubramanian Ashish Dhayani Praveen Kumar Vemula 邹培超浦侃裔杨诚 Manojit Pramanik 徐臣杰 School of Chemical&Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University62 Nanyang DriveSingapore Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine(inStem) GKVK-CampusBellary RoadBangaloreIndia Ramalingaswami Re-Entry Fellow Department of BiotechnologyNew Delhi 110003India Division of Energy&Environment Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore

This report describes the design and synthesis of gold nanostars(AuNSs) containing liposomes by the in situ reduction of gold precursor,HAuCU(pre-encapsulated within the liposomes) through HEPES diffusion and *** with the conventional process that encapsulates the pre-synthesized gold nanoparticles into liposomes during the thin-film hydration step,this facile and convenient method allows the formation and simultaneous encapsulation of AuNSs within *** absorption spectra of AuNSs can be tuned between visible and near infra-red(NIR) regions by controlling the size and morphology of AuNSs through varying the concentrations of HAuCU and *** a proof of concept,we demonstrate the synthesis of AuNSs with a maximum absorbance at 803 nm within the temperature-sensitive *** liposomes can produce stronger photoacoustic signals(1.5 fold) in the NIR region than ***,when there are drugs(i.e.,doxorubicin) within these liposomes,the irradiation with the NIR pulse laser will disrupt the liposomes and trigger the 100%release of these pre-encapsulated drugs within 10 *** comparison,there is neglectable contrast enhancement or minor release(10%) of drugs for the pure liposomes under the same ***,cell experiment shows the potential therapeutic application of this system.

关键词： gold nanostars light sensitive liposomes controlled drug release photoacoustic imaging