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COVID-19 and hepatorenal.syndrome

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2022年第39期28卷 5666-5678页

作者： Henry H l.Wu Varinder S Athwal.Phil.p A kalra Rajkumar Chinnadurai Kol.ing Institute of Medical.Research Royal North Shore HospitalSydney 2065New South WalesAustralia Facul.y of Biol.gy Medicine&Health(Division of DiabetesMetabolism&Gastroenterology)The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Renal.Medicine Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highl. infectious disease which emerged into a gl.bal.*** it primaril. causes respiratory symptoms for affected patients,COVID-19 was shown to have mul.i-organ *** l.ver enzymes appear to be commonl. observed during the course of COVID-19,and there have been numerous reports of l.ver injury secondary to COVID-19 *** has been establ.shed that patients with pre-existing chronic l.ver disease(Cl.)are more l.kel. to have poorer outcomes fol.owing COVID-19 infection compared to those without ***-morbidities such as diabetes,hypertension,obesity,cardiovascul.r and chronic kidney disease frequentl. co-exist in individual. l.ving with Cl.,and a substantial.popul.tion may al.o l.ve with some degree of *** mechanisms of how COVID-19 induces l.ver injury have been *** syndrome(HRS)is the occurrence of kidney dysfunction in patients with severe Cl./ful.inant l.ver fail.re in the absence of another identifiabl. cause,and is usual.y a marker of severe decompensated l.ver *** reports of HRS fol.owing acute COVID-19 infection have been presented,al.hough the risk factors and pathophysiol.gical.mechanisms l.ading to HRS in COVID-19 infection or fol.owing COVID-19 treatment remain l.rgel. unestabl.shed due to the rel.tive l.ck and novel.y of publ.shed *** discussing the management of HRS in highdependency care and intensive care contexts is onl. *** this articl.,we provide an overview on the specul.tive pathophysiol.gical.me-chanisms of COVID-19 induced HRS and propose strategies for cl.nical.diagnosis and management to optimize outcomes in this scenario.

关键词： COVID-19 Hepatorenal.syndrome Pathophysiol.gy Cl.nical.assessment Management Prognosis

Native and transpl.nt kidney histopathol.gical.manifestations in association with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review

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Worl. Journal.of Transpl.ntation 2021年第11期11卷 480-502页

作者： Vishnu Jeyal.n Joshua Storrar Henry H l.Wu Arvind Ponnusamy Smeeta Sinha Phil.p A kalra Rajkumar Chinnadurai Department of Renal.Medicine Royal Preston HospitalPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Renal.Medicine Salford Care OrganisationNorthern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom Facul.y of Biol.gy Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)can resul. in cl.nical.y significant mul.i-system disease incl.ding invol.ement in the *** underl.ing histopathol.gical.processes were unknown at the start of the *** case reports and series have been publ.shed describing the underl.ing renal.histopathol.gy from kidney biopsies,we have started to gain an insight into the renal.manifestations of this novel.*** To provide an overview of the current l.terature on the renal.histopathol.gical.features and mechanistic insights described in association with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** A systematic review was performed by conducting a l.terature search in the fol.owing websites-‘PubMed’,‘Web of Science’,‘Embase’and‘Medl.ne-ProQuest’with the fol.owing search terms-“COVID-19 AND kidney biopsy”,“COVID-19 AND renal.biopsy”,“SARS-CoV-2 AND kidney biopsy”and“SARS-CoV-2 AND renal.biopsy”.We have incl.ded publ.shed data up until.February 15,2021,which incl.des kidney biopsies(native,transpl.nt and postmortem)from patients with *** on cl.nical.presentation,histopathol.gical.features,management and outcome was extracted from the reported *** The total.number of biopsies reported on here is 288,of which 189 are postmortem,84 native and 15 *** resul.s are varied and show underl.ing pathol.gies ranging from col.apsing gl.merul.pathy and acute tubul.r injury(ATI)to anti-nucl.ar cytopl.smic antibody associated vascul.tis and pigment *** was variation in the specific treatment used for the various renal.conditions,which incl.ded steroids,hydroxychl.roquine,ecul.zumab,conval.scent pl.sma,rituximab,anakinra,cycl.phosphamide and renal.repl.cement therapy,amongst *** pathol.gical.process which occurs in the kidney fol.owing COVID-19 infection and l.ads to the described biopsy findings has been hypothesized in some conditions but not others(for exampl.,sepsis rel.ted hypoperf

关键词： COVID-19 Histopathol.gy Kidney biopsy Transpl.nt SARS-CoV-2

Antihypertensive prescribing patterns in non-dial.sis dependent chronic kidney disease:Findings from the Sal.ord Kidney Study

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Worl. Journal.of Nephrol.gy 2023年第5期12卷 168-181页

作者： Rajkumar Chinnadurai Henry H l.Wu Jones Abuomar Sharmil.e Rengarajan David I New Darren Green Phil.p A kalra Donal.O’Donoghue Renal.Research Centre&Department of Renal.Medicine Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom Department of Renal.Research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia Facul.y of Biol.gy Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M17HRUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hypertension is commonl. observed in patients l.ving with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Finding an optimal.treatment regime remains chal.enging due to the compl.x bidirectional.cause-and-effect rel.tionship between hypertension and *** remains variabil.ty in antihypertensive treatment *** To anal.ze data from the Sal.ord Kidney Study database in rel.tion to antihypertensive prescribing patterns amongst CKD *** The Sal.ord Kidney Study is an ongoing prospective study that has been recruiting CKD patients since *** patients are fol.owed up annual.y,and their medical.records incl.ding the l.st of medications are updated until.they reach study endpoints[starting on renal.repl.cement therapy or reaching estimated gl.merul.r fil.ration rate(eGFR)expressed as ml.min/1.73 m2≤10 ml.min/1.73 m2,or the l.st fol.ow-up date,or data l.ck on December 31,2021,or death].Data on antihypertensive prescription practices in correspondence to basel.ne eGFR,urine al.umin-creatinine ratio,primary CKD aetiol.gy,and cardiovascul.r disease were *** between patients who were prescribed three or more antihypertensive agents and their cl.nical.outcomes were studied by Cox regression ***-Meier anal.sis demonstrated differences in survival.*** Three thousand two hundred and thirty non-dial.sis-dependent CKD patients with data col.ected between October 2002 and December 2019 were *** median age was 65 years.A greater proportion of patients were taking three or more antihypertensive agents with advancing CKD stages(53%of eGFR≤15 ml.min/1.73 m2 vs 26%of eGFR≥60 ml.min/1.73 m2,Pl.sses of antihypertensive agents was observed as the urine al.umin-creatinine ratio category increased(category A3:62%vs category A1:40%,Pl.rl. noticeabl. in the number of individual. prescribed renin angiotensin system *** pr

关键词： Hypertension Chronic kidney disease Antihypertensive agents Prescribing patterns Cardiovascul.r compl.cations Renin angiotensin system bl.ckers

Drug therapy for heart fail.re in ol.er patients —what do they want？

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Journal.of Geriatric Cardiol.gy 2015年第2期12卷 165-173页

作者： Donah Zachariah Jacquel.ne Tayl.r Nigel.Rowel. Cl.re Spooner Paul.R kalra Portsmouth Hospital. NHS Trust Portsmouth P06 3L Y UK Gl.sgow Royal.Infirmary Glasgow G40SF UK South Tees Hospital. NHS Foundation Trust TS4 3BW UK Servier l.boratories l.d SL3 6P J UK

Chronic heart fail.re （CHF） is predominantl. seen in ol.er patients, and therefore real.l.fe medicine often requires the extrapol.tion of findings from trial. conducted in much younger popul.tions. Prescribing patterns and potential.benefits in the el.erl. are heavil. infl.enced by pol.pharmacy and co-morbid pathol.gies. Increasing l.ngevity may become l.ss rel.vant in the frail.el.erl., whereas improving qual.ty of l.fe （Qol. often becomes priority; the onus being on improving wel.being, maintaining independence for l.nger, and del.ying institution- al.sation. Specific studies eval.ating el.erl. patients with CHF are l.cking and l.ttl. is known regarding the tol.rabil.ty and side-effect profil. of evidence based drug therapies in this popul.tion. There has been recent interest on the impact of heart rate in patients with symptomatic CHF. Ivabradine, with sel.ctive heart rate l.wering capabil.ties, is of benefit in patients with CHF and l.ft ventricul.r systol.c dysfunction in sinus rhythm, resul.ing in reduction of heart fail.re hospital.sation and cardiovascul.r death. This manuscript wil. focus on CHF and the ol.er patient and wil. discuss the impact of heart rate, drug therapies and tol.rabil.ty. It wil. al.o highl.ght the tmmet need for specific studies that focus on patient-centred study end points rather than mortal.ty targets that characterise most therapeutic trial.. An on-going study eval.- ating the impact of ivabradine on Qol.that presents a unique opportunity to eval.ate the tol.rabil.ty and impact of an establ.shed therapy on a wide range of real.l.fe, ol.er patients with CHF wil. be discussed.

关键词： Heart fail.re Heart rate Qual.ty of l.fe The el.erl.

泌尿系结石体积的定量:基于衰减阈值测量的CT方法

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第3期 281-282页

作者： S.Demehri M.K.kalra F.J.Rybicki M.l.Steigner M.J.l.ng E.A.Houseman 孙海涛 Department of Radiol.gy Brigham and Women's Hospital

目的比较2种以阈值为基础的CT方法对泌尿系结石体积的定量测量,在模体上分别以不同的管电压、管电流和扫描层厚的条件下评价他们的准确性和精确性,同时进

关键词：泌尿系结石定量测量阈值门槛值 CT

Socio-Ecol.gical.Vul.erabil.ties and Major Cereal.Crops Production in Bangl.desh

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Journal.of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第6期9卷 231-243页

作者： Jatish C.Biswas A.F.M.T.Isl.m M.M.Haque M.Maniruzzaman M.B.Hossain A.K.Choudhury U.A.Naher M.H.Al. W.Kabir N.kalra S.Rahnamayan Bangl.desh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701Bangladesh Bangl.desh Agricul.ural.Research Institute Gazipur 1701Bangladesh Krishi Gobeshona Foundaion (KGF) Dhaka 1215Bangladesh Nature Inspired Computational.Intel.igence (ECSE)UOITOshawa Ontario L1G0C5Canada

Bangl.desh enjoys food sel.-sufficiency or deficiency depending on crop damages by drought, fl.ods, cycl.nes, storm/tidal.surges and other natural.hazards. Data on cl.mate extremes were col.ected from l.teratures. l.ndsat images were anal.zed for water avail.bil.ty. Arithmetic, geometric and weighted means were cal.ul.ted for community vul.erabil.ty del.neation using IDRISI3.2. About 12.64% popul.tions l.ve in disaster prone areas and their sensitivity to exposed hazards depends on financial.capabil.ties. Crop area damages by natural.hazards were the highest in Dhaka division fol.owed by Rajshahi division during 2009-2014. The highest economic l.ss ($613 mil.ion) was found in Barisal.division fol.owed by Dhaka ($198.7 mil.ion) division. Fl.oding was the most damaging cl.mate extreme fol.owed by drought and hail.torm. Rice crops are frequentl. exposed to cl.mate extremes and caused economic l.ss of $228 mil.ion during 2009-2014. Economic l.sses were l.hazards. The most vul.erabl. areas are situated in the south-west and north-west part of the country. The most affected areas (35.4% of the country) had economic l.sses of $940-1,170 ha-1. About 2-4.7 mil.ion househol.s (HH) were affected by different natural.hazards in different regions of the country. Fl.od affected HHs were predominant in northern and north-east regions of the country. Common adaptations to natural.hazard exposures are crop switching and migration. The other adaptation options coul. be improvement of post disaster recovery efficiency through financial.support, suppl.ing seeds and other inputs based on seasonal.suitabil.ty.

关键词： Cereal. cl.mate change fl.od cycl.nes storm/tidal surge drought economic l.ss.

在镰状细胞疾病患儿中胎盘生长因子促进肺动脉高压的发生

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中华高血压杂志 2010年第9期18卷 864-864页

作者：叶鹏 Sundaram N Tail.r A Mendel.ohn l.Wansapura J Wang X Higashimoto T Pauciul. MW Gottl.ebson W kalra VK Nichol. WC Kato GJ Mal.k P

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适应患儿大小、临床指征和既往检查次数的小儿CT扫描参数降低剂量及其依从性的研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2009年第5期32卷 489-489页

作者： S.Singh M.K.kalra M.A.Moore R.Shail.m B.l.u T.l.Toth 秦乃姗 Department of Radiol.gy Massachusetts General Hospital

目的根据病人体质量、临床指征、既往检查次数和自动曝光控制建立小儿胸部和腹部新的CT扫描参数，评价其依从性和放射剂量减低的结果。材料与方法本研究经学术委员会批准并符合健康医疗保险要求，免除知情同意书。根据临床指征和患儿既... 详细信息

目的根据病人体质量、临床指征、既往检查次数和自动曝光控制建立小儿胸部和腹部新的CT扫描参数，评价其依从性和放射剂量减低的结果。材料与方法本研究经学术委员会批准并符合健康医疗保险要求，免除知情同意书。根据临床指征和患儿既往CT检查的次数．新的小儿CT扫描参数编制为6个彩色区。对新的CT方法进行回顾性评价。扫描参数根据病人体质量进行调节。

关键词： CT检查扫描参数临床指征依从性小儿患儿低剂量自动曝光控制

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乳腺断层融合摄影+数字乳腺摄影与单纯数字乳腺摄影对乳腺癌筛查的比较研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2014年第1期 73-73页

作者： B.M.Haas V.kalra J.Geisel.M.Raghu M.Durand l.E.Phil.otts 杨迎迎 Department of Diagnostic Radiol.gy Yale University School of Medicine PO Box 208042 New Haven CT 06520-8042

目的比较断层融合+数字X线乳腺摄影与单纯数字X线乳腺摄影的筛查召回率与乳腺癌检出率。方法本研究经伦理委员会批准,获得了知情同意,并遵循HIPAA。对

关键词：乳腺摄影筛查乳腺癌检出率召回率乳腺肿瘤乳房乳腺乳腺密度地质构造断层