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The role of glutathione-mediated triacylglycerol synthesis in the response to ultra-high cadmium stress in Auxenochlorella protothecoides

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第10期33卷 58-69页

作者： Chao Xing Jinyu Li Sin Man lam Hongli Yuan Guanghou Shui Jinshui Yang State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Lipidall Technologies Company Limited Changzhou 213022China

Under ultra-high cadmium(Cd)stress,large amounts of glutathione are produced in Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341,and the lipid content increases *** is the best reductant that can effectively remove Cd,but the relationship between lipid accumulation and the cellular response to Cd stress has not been *** analyses of the transcriptomes and lipidomes,the mechanism of lipid accumulation to Cd tolerance were studied from the perspectives of metabolism,transcriptional regulation and protein *** Cd stress,basic metabolic pathways,such as purine metabolism,translation and pre-m RNA splicing process,were inhibited,while the lipid accumulation pathway was significantly *** analysis revealed that the transcription factors(TFs)and genes related to lipid accumulation were also *** of the TF interaction sites showed that ABI5,MYBrel and NF-YB could further regulate the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase through glutathionylation/deglutathionylation,which led to increase of the triacylglycerol(TAG)*** analysis showed that TAG could help maintain lipid homeostasis by adjusting its saturation/unsaturation *** study for the first time indicated that glutathione could activate TAG synthesis in microalga ***,leading to TAG accumulation and glutathione accumulation under Cd ***,the accumulation of TAG and glutathione can confer resistance to high Cd *** study provided insights into a new operation mode of TAG accumulation under heavy metal stress.

关键词： Cd stress Microalgae Glutathionylation Transcription factors Triacylglycerol

Economic Growth, Energy Use, and Greenhouse Gases Emission in Macao SAR, China

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2022年第1期10卷 23-43页

作者： Wai Ming TO King Hang lam School of Business Macao Polytechnic Institute Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong

A city’s economic structure and energy mix would change when the city is developed to accommodate more residents, visitors, and activities. This paper reviews Macao’s economic growth, energy use, and greenhouse gases(GHG) emission from 1985 to 2020. Specifically, Macao’s gross domestic product(GDP), energy use, and GHG emission have surged after the gaming industry was liberalized in *** official data show that Macao’s GDP was MOP 11 billion in 1985, increased by four-fold to MOP54 billion in 2000, and then surged rapidly to MOP 445 billion in 2019. Additionally, Macao’s total energy use increased from 8,840 TJ in 1985 to 48,330 TJ in 2019 while Macao’s GHG emission increased from 0.70 Mt of CO2-equivalent in 1985 to 6.13 Mt of CO2-equivalent in 2019. Macao’s GHG emission from all local sources per capita and GDP per capita exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship, showing an environmental Kuznets curve. Due to the negative impact of COVID-19pandemic, Macao’s GDP dropped by 56% to MOP 194 billion while its total energy use and GHG emission dropped by 33% and 17% to 32,198 TJ and 5.06 Mt of CO2-equivalent, respectively, in 2020.

关键词： Economic growth energy use greenhouse gases environmental Kuznets curve COVID-19

Analysis and behaviour of FRP-confined short concrete columns subjected to eccentric loading

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第1期9卷 38-49页

作者： Xing-fei YUAN Shao-hua XIA L. lam S.T. SMITH Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Department of Civil and Structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Civil Engineering Hong Kong University Hong Kong China

Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites were widely utilized in civil engineering structures as the retrofit of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. To design FRP jackets safely and economically, the behaviour of such columns should be predicted first. This paper is concerned with the analysis and behaviour of FRP-confined RC circular and rectangular short col- umns subjected to eccentric loading. A simple design-oriented stress-strain model for FRP-confined concrete in a section analysis was first proposed. The accuracy was then proved by two test data. Following that, a parametric study including amount of FRP confinement, FRP strain capacity, unconfined concrete strength and shape of column section is provided. Some conclusions were obtained at the end of the paper. The work here will provide a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour of FRP-confined concrete columns. The simplicity of the model also enables a simple equivalent stress block to be developed for direct use in practical design.

关键词： Column FRP confinement Stress-strain model Section analysis Strength Ductility

Successful Vaginal Delivery after Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Placement for Management of Ventricular Tachycardia

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第2期16卷 137-139页

作者： Sara Moufarrij Manisha Gandhi Wilson lam Angeline Opina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUSA Department of Pediatric Cardiology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUSA

A 23-year-old female with Tetralogy of Fallot who is 30w6d pregnant presented with palpitations and syncope from an outside *** was found to have ventricular *** placement of a transvenous implantable cardiac defibril... 详细信息

关键词： Ventricular tachycardia pregnancy intracardiac defibrillatory

LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF FLOW AROUND CYLINDER ARRAYS AT A SUBCRITICAL REYNOLDS NUMBER

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第4期20卷 403-413页

作者： ZOU Lin LIN Yu-feng lam Kit School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

The complex three-dimensional turbulent flows around a cylinder array with four cylinders in an in-line square configuration at a subcritical Reynolds number of 1.5 × 10^4 with the spacing ratio at L/D = 1.5 and 3.5 were investigated using the Large Eddy Simulation （LES）. The full field vorticity and velocity distributions as well as turbulent quantities were calculated in detail and the near wake structures were presented. The results show that the bi-stable flow nature was observed at L/D = 1.5 and distinct vortex shedding of the upstream cylinders occurred at L/D = 3.5 at Re = 1.5 × 10^4. The techniques of Laser Doppler Anemometry （LDA） and Digital Particle Image Velocimetry （DPIV） are also employed to validate the present LES method. The results show that the numerical predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. Therefore, the full field instantaneous and mean quantities of the flow field, velocity field and vorticity field can be extracted from the LES results for further study of the complex flow characteristics.

关键词： four-cylinders array turbulent flow Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV)

Role and regulation of the forkhead transcription factors FOXO3a and FOXM1 in carcinogenesis and drug resistance

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第7期32卷 365-370页

作者： Ana R.Gomes Fung Zhao Eric W.F.lam Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus

The FOXO3a and FOXM1 forkhead transcription factors are key players in cancer initiation,progression,and drug *** research shows that FOXM1 is a direct transcriptional target of FOXO3a,a vital downstream effector of the PI3K-AKT-FOXO signaling *** addition,FOXM1 and FOXO3a also antagonize each other's activity by competitively binding to the same target genes,which are involved in chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity and *** the role and regulation of the FOXO-FOXM1 axis will provide insight into chemotherapeutic drug action and resistance in patients,and help to identify novel therapeutic approaches as well as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers.

关键词：转录因子耐药性叉头致癌性化疗药物生物标志物竞争力敏感性

Phosphine oxide-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives:Synthesis,photophysics,electrochemical properties,and electroluminescence performance

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第4期54卷 678-684页

作者： LIU DeAng GIBSON Gary BRUG James lam Sity MAO Samuel S Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Information Surfaces Lab Hewlett Packard LabsHewlett Packard Company1501 Page Mill RoadPalo AltoCA 94304USA

A series of phosphine oxide-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives,PFH-PO-40-1 (P1),PFH-PO-20-1 (P2),PFH-PO-10-1 (P3),and PFH-PO-1-1 (P4),were prepared via a palladium-mediated Suzuki cross-coupling *** structures and purities of all polymers were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR,UV-vis and photoluminescent spectroscopy,gel permeation chromatography,and TGA/*** emission features showed single broad peaks at about 445 nm in film,compared with those in dilute solutions,which might be caused by some degree of aggregation in the excited states of the *** best electroluminescence (EL) performance of these polymers with configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Polymer/Alq3/LiF/Al was obtained from P1 (current efficiency was 4.2 Cd/A at 6V).

关键词： organic light-emitting diodes polyfluorene derivatives electroluminescence

Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Is HIPEC the Only Answer?

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Modern Chemotherapy 2014年第2期3卷 11-19页

作者： ka-On lam Betty Tsz-Ting Law Simon Ying-Kit Law Dora Lai-Wan Kwong Department of Clinical Oncology LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis is notorious for its dismal prognosis. While the pathophysiology of peritoneal dissemination is still controversial, the rapid downhill course is universal. Patients usually suffer abdominal distension, intestinal obstruction and various complications before they succumb after a median of 3 - 6 months. Although not adopted in most international treatment guidelines, intraperitoneal chemotherapy has growing evidence compared with conventional systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is well-established for clinical benefit but is technically demanding with substantial treatment-related morbidities and mortality. On the other hand, normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the form of bidirectional neoadjuvant treatment is promising with various newer chemotherapeutic agents. Regardless of the treatment technique applied, the essential element of success is meticulous patient selection and availability of expertise. Future direction is along the line of personalized treatment with the application of translational science.

关键词： Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Neoadjuvant Intraperitoneal/Systemic Chemotherapy (NIPS) Cytoreductive Surgery

Irinotecan therapy and molecular targets in colorectal cancer: A systemic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第29期15卷 3597-3602页

作者： Jessica Weekes Alfred King-Yin lam Sabe Sebesan Yik-Hong Ho Discipline of Surgery (School of Medicine) and North Queensland Centre for Cancer Research (Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine) James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia Discipline of Pathology Griffith Medical School Medicine and Oral Health Centre Gold Coast Campus Gold Coast Queensland 4222 Australia Medical Oncology Townsville Hospital Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia

Irinotecan is the second line chemotherapy for advanced stage colorectal cancer (CRC) after failure of first line chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil. The aim of this review is to analyse the data on irinotecan as second line chemotherapy for advanced CRC and the potential roles of the molecular markers, p53 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the management of advanced CRC. Thus, the English literature from 1980 to 2008 concerning irinotecan, p53, VEGF and CRC was reviewed. On review, Phase and clinical trials showed thatirinotecan improves pain-free survival, quality of life, 1-year survival, progression-free survival and overall survival in advanced CRC. p53 and VEGF were expressed in CRC and had a predictive power of aggressive clinical behaviour in CRC. Irinotecan sensitizes p53 wild type, mutant and null cells to Fasmediated cell apoptosis in CRC cells. Wild type p53 cells were more sensitive to irinotecan than mutated p53. Irinotecan has an anti-VEGF effect inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, increasing apoptosis and reducing microvascular density which is onlylimited by irinotecan toxicity levels. To conclude, irinotecan improves the patient's quality of life and the survival rates of patients with advanced CRC. p53 and VEGF status of the patients' tumour is likely to affect the responsiveness of CRC to irinotecan. It is recommended that studies of the expression of these molecular markers in relation to chemoresponsiveness ofirinotecan should be carried out for better management of patients with advanced CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Irinotecan Molecular p53 Vascular endothelial growth factor