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Unexpected ecotone dynamics of a sand dune vegetation complex following water table decline

Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第1期9卷 40-50页

作者： Csaba Tölgyesi Márta Zalatnai LászlóErdős Zoltán Bátori Nicole Rosemary Hupp Lászlókörmöczi Department of Ecology University of SzegedSzeged H-6726Hungary Wildlife Biology Program College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of Montana32 Campus DriveMissoulaMontanaMT 59812USA

Aims Central Hungarian inland dune ranges harbor heterogeneous grassland vegetation with an extensive network of ecotones,arranged perpendicular to topography-driven hydrologic *** area suffers from severe aridification due to climate change and local anthropogenic factors,which have led to a dramatic decline of the water *** a result,groundwater is no longer reachable for lowlying plant communities;thus,we expect they are bound to undergo profound *** study investigates how the plant communities respond to this changing environment over time by monitoring ecotones,since they are frequently the hotspots of ecosystem *** monitored five ecotones along permanent belt transects for 15 years to characterize their dynamic response,and to identify the internal structural changes of the plant communities the ecotones *** Ecotones were delineated with the split moving window *** dynamics of two ecotone parameters,location and contrast,were analyzed with linear regression models incorporating two independent variables:study year as a measure of time since the loss of groundwater,and precipitation as a possible driver of interannual *** internal changes of the patches separated by the ecotones were analyzed using plant functional *** Findings Precipitation had no detectable effect on the ecotone descriptors,but study year influenced ecotones in an unusual *** position of the ecotones appeared to be very stable in time;their dynamics are stationary,not directional as we *** contrasts had clear tendencies;two ecotones disappeared,one new one was formed and two ecotones showed no *** internal changes of the patches over time were dramatic,showing a shift toward more xeric and more open plant assemblages in most stretches of the ***,the dynamic response of the vegetation was not patch expansion ***,but fusion ***,which profoundly restructured the vegetati

关键词： groundwater decline plant functional group sand dune vegetation split moving window stationary ecotone

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Chemical and Genetic Diversity of Some Ligularia Species (Compositae) in Northwestern Yunnan and Southwestern Sichuan of China

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 742-743页

作者： Chiaki kuroda Ryo Hanait Xun Gong Yuemao Shen Motoo tori Department of Chemistry and Department of Life Science Rikkyo University Nishi-Ikebukuro Toshima-kuTokyo171-8501 Japan kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Science Kunming 654204 China Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima Bunri University Yamashiro-cho Tokushima 770-8514 Japan

Ligularia Cass., (Compositae) is a highly diversified genus, and more than 100 species of which are distributed in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas. Ligularia species have been studied with respect to secondary metabolites, and many sesquiterpenes of the furanoeremophilane type have been isolated from them. In order to find correlates among these variations, and ultimately understand the diversity-generating mechanism of Ligularia species in the Hengduan Mountains, we initiated an extensive study that uses furanoeremophilanes as a chemical index and the DNA sequence as a genetic index. Furanoeremophilanes have been detected conventionally by Ehrlich' s test, which has been used in a search for novel natural products. As for the DNA sequence, we determined the nucleotide sequence of the atpB-rbcL intergenic region in the present study.

关键词：中国云南四川橐吾植物生物化学遗传多样性

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Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Reactions in the Preparation of Hydrindanones

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 811-812页

作者： Motoo tori Masakazu Sono Weihui Zhong Sachiko Onishi Atsuko Hashimoto Yasuyo Nakashiba Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima Bunri University Yamashiro-cho Tokushima 770-8514 Japan Present address. Colleage of Pharmaceutical Scienoes Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China.

Carbon-carbon bond formation reactions are highly important in organic chemistry, because these reactions may be used to construct complicated molecules. Samarium diiodide is known to be a one-electron reducing agent and recently used in many organic reactions. A radicals is postulated as an intermediate, which may be formed by direct reduction of halides, carbonyls and other functional groups.

关键词：碳碳结合二碘化钐有机化学分析结构还原三酮

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Formation of Edge Transport Barriers by L-H Transition and Large Reversed Plasma Current on LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第1期8卷 5-9页

作者： k. TOI S. OHDACHI F. WATANABE k. NARIHARA T. MORISAkI 高翔 M. GOTO k. IDA S. MASUZAkI k. MIYAZAWA S. MOR.ITA S. SAkAkIBARA k. TANAkA T. TOkUZAWA k.W. WATANABE 严龙文 M. YOSHINUMA National Institute for Fusion Science Toki Japan Department of Energy Science and Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Science Hefei 230031 China Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041 China

On the Large Helical Device （LHD） where nested magnetic surfaces are surrounded by the ergodic field layer, edge transport barrier （ETB） was produced in neutral-beam-injection （NBI） heated plasmas through transition and non-transition processes. The former case is the ETB formation by L-Htransition, where characteristics of L-H transition observed in a tokamak plasma are clearly recognized. The confinement improvement is the modest （- 10%）, compared with the ISS95 international stellarator scaling. The threshold power for the transition is comparable or slightly lower than the ITER scaling law established by tokamaks and compact tori. The ETB is formed inside the ergodic field layer of the vacuum field. The ETB formation destabilizes edge coherent modes such as m/n = 1/1, 2/3 and 1/2, of which rational surfaces are in the magnetic hill. The formed ETB is partially and transiently destroyed by these coherent edge MHD modes and edge localized modes （ELMs） typically observed in Ha signals. The latter ETB is observed in a plasma with large reversed NBI-driven current more than 100 kA at Bt = 1 T. In these plasmas, the edge magnetic shear is enhanced by the current and the rotational transform in the core region is expected to be appreciably reduced. Thus reduced rotational transform in the plasma central region will enhance outward heat and particle fluxes toward ergodic edge layer. The ETB with steep electron temperature gradient up to - 5 keV/m is formed by blocking enhanced outward heat flux.

关键词： edge transport barrier ergodic field layer L-H transition ELMs edge MHD modes

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儿童精神卫生服务未能满足快速增长的需求--目前的危机就是对儿童有系统性歧视的明证

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第4期21卷 181-182页

作者： Dubicka, Bernadka Bullock, tori Royal Coll Psychiatrists Child & Adolescent Fac London England

自从绿皮书《每个儿童都重要》（Every Child Matters）发布以来已过了20年。20年前，英国政府发布这一报告旨在让儿童服务发生彻底转变，包括对儿童和青少年精神卫生服务的大力投资。

关键词：儿童精神卫生服务系统性歧视保健知识心理学

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Magnetic Islands Observed by a Fast-Framing Tangentially Viewing Soft X-Ray Camera on LHD and TEXTOR

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第1期8卷 45-49页

作者： S. OHDACHI k. TOI G. FUCHS TEXTOR Team National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292 Gifu Japan Institut fiir Plasma physik Forschungszentrum Jfilich GmbH Euratom Association D-52425 Jülich Germany

The formation of magnetic islands within plasmas confined magnetically within the tori has significant influence upon their confinement and stability. To obtain an experimental insight into the formation and dynamics of such island structures we employed a fast framing camera viewing the plasma tangentially in the toroidal direction. The toroidal viewing direction gives the advantage in that the islands are viewed almost tangentially and this greatly facilitates the reconstruction of the local data from the line integrated ones. We discuss an effective method to do inversion. To study the fluctuations seen in the video images we perform a singular value decomposition, and then we use a truncated least square method to infer their pictures in space.

关键词： magnetic island, fluctuation measurement tomography

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银杏幼胚离体培养再生植株的研究

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园艺学报 2005年第1期32卷 105-107页

作者：郭长禄陈力耕何新华 Syed Asgar tori 浙江大学农业部园艺植物生长发育与生物技术重点开放实验室

以佛手银杏幼胚为外植体,研究了不同大小幼胚在不同培养条件下,愈伤组织和胚状体的诱导发育情况。结果表明:大于3mm的幼胚,在Mk+NAA1.0mg·L-1+BA1.0mg·L-1培养基上胚状体诱导率最高,达到53.6%,最多的一块愈伤组织形成多达38... 详细信息

以佛手银杏幼胚为外植体,研究了不同大小幼胚在不同培养条件下,愈伤组织和胚状体的诱导发育情况。结果表明:大于3mm的幼胚,在Mk+NAA1.0mg·L-1+BA1.0mg·L-1培养基上胚状体诱导率最高,达到53.6%,最多的一块愈伤组织形成多达38个胚状体。暗培养不利于胚状体的发生。在 Mk培养基上添加10%椰汁对胚状体的生长发育有很好的促进作用,有34.5%生长成苗。

关键词：银杏胚培养胚状体发生

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New Roles for Psychologists in Medical Settings: Direct Services in a Hong kong Accident and Emergency Department

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2013年第2期2卷 69-76页

作者： Wo Oi kwok Christopher D. tori Timothy H. Rainer 1California School of Professional Psychology Alliant International University Hong Kong China Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China California School of Professional Psychology Alliant International University Hong Kong China

Study Aim: Descriptions of the direct services of a psychologist (i.e. clinical psychology intern) in an accident and emergency department (AED) are provided as a new and rare area of professional practice. Method: Data were collected in a large, Hong kong, government hospital over an eighteen-month period. Recipients included 281 patients, 150 medical staff members, and 44 relatives of patients. Results: Interventions with patients and their family members centered on crisis management, diagnostic assessment, psychoeducation, and consultations regarding long-term adjustment to medical infirmities. The majority of staff members sought consultations regarding work related stress such as burnout symptoms and coping with vicarious trauma experiences. Frequency tables provide information on utilization of specific services while case vignettes contextualize psychological interventions. Conclusion: There are many potential benefits of psychological service for AED patients and staff.

关键词： Accident and Emergency Departments Psychological Services Utility Patients and Staff

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2007-17年美国儿童和青少年结核病流行病学:国家监测数据分析

2007-17年美国儿童和青少年结核病流行病学:国家监测数据分析

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作者： tori L Cowger Jonathan M Wortham Deron C Burton 许磊 Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDSViral HepatitisSTDand TB PreventionUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health

背景:在2018年期间,全球15岁以下的儿童中约有100万例结核病病例和233000例与结核相关的死亡。儿童和青少年的结核病在临床和流行病学上存在差异,给护理和预防带来了挑战。对儿童和青少年结核病流行病学的了解有助于治疗和预防工作,以... 详细信息

背景:在2018年期间,全球15岁以下的儿童中约有100万例结核病病例和233000例与结核相关的死亡。儿童和青少年的结核病在临床和流行病学上存在差异,给护理和预防带来了挑战。对儿童和青少年结核病流行病学的了解有助于治疗和预防工作,以及消除结核病发病率和死亡率差异。目的:我们试图描述美国患有结核病的儿童和青少年的流行病学,包括按父母出生国和美国领土及自由联系的州分列的结核病发病率,这些情况以前没有描述过。方法:我们分析了2007-17年期间向国家结核病监测系统报告的15岁以下儿童和15-17岁青少年的数据,并使用美国人口普查局的人口估计数计算了结核病发病率。结果:在2010至2017年间,有6072例肺结核病例发生在儿童和青少年中,其中5175例(85%)发生在美国50个州或哥伦比亚特区,6072例中有897例(15%)发生在美国附属岛屿。在美国各州,5175例中有3520例(68%)发生在美国出生的人群中,包括3896名儿童中的2977名(76%)和1279名青少年中的543名(42%)。2007-2017年儿童和青少年发病率为1.0/10万人,同期下降47.8%(95%CI-51.4～44.1)。我们观察到,在所有非白人种族或族裔群体的儿童和青少年中,生活在美国附属岛屿的人,以及出生在结核病流行国家或与其父母一起出生的儿童中,结核病发病率过高。讨论:在对国家监测数据的审查中,我们观察到所有非白种人种族或族裔群体的儿童和青少年、生活在美国附属岛屿的儿童和青少年、出生在结核病流行国家或其父母来自于结核病流行国家的儿童和青少年中结核病发病率过高。此外,我们观察到,与美国各州相比,美国附属岛屿的儿童和青少年患结核病的死亡率高得不成比例。这些广泛和普遍的差距可能反映了结构性的不平等,造成了不成比例的接触、感染和疾病的脆弱性以及不平等的迅速诊断和治疗机会。我们的研究结果表明,美国的结核病护理和预防策略正在成功地降低儿童和青少年的总体结核病负担,但需要更多的关注和可能的新方法来解决这些年龄组结核病发病率和死亡率的差异。我们观察到儿童和青少年的结核病发病率和死亡率存在普遍的种族或民族和地理差异。与非西班牙裔白人儿童和青少年相比,每一个被调查的种族或族裔群体的结核病发病率都显著增加,这表明健康的结构性和社会决定因素可能具有广泛的影响,导致历史上边缘化的儿童和青少年接触结核病、感染或疾病进展的风险增加。尽管我们强调了结核病的差异可能会被种族,民族,地理位置和出生地等影响,但我们注意到这种异质性可能归因于基本的社会,政策和环境条件。此外,通过对各种健康结果的研究确定了有助于人口水平的其他因素健康差距,这些因素可能包括粮食安全和营养,获得经济和营养物质资源,住宅隔离,接触二手烟,室内外空气质量,持久历史创伤的影响(例如奴隶制,殖民,流离失所),医疗政策,获取和基础设施。所以除了努力预防和治疗高危儿童和青少年中的结核病外,还应努力阐明和改善风险增加的潜在社会和结构驱动因素。结论:总体而言,美国儿童和青少年中的结核病发病率较低,而且稳步下降,但仍需作出更多努力,以消除发病率和死亡率方面的差异。

关键词：肺结核儿童青少年流行病学

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Effects of Sheared Flow on Microinstabilities and Transport in Plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第1期7卷 2610-2614页

作者： H.Sanuki k.Itoh A.Fujisawa J.Q.Dong National Institute for Fusion Science Toki Gifu 509-5292 JapanNational Institute for Fusion Science Toki Gifu 509-5292 JapanNational Institute for Fusion Science Toki Gifu 509-5292 JapanSouthwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041 China

Theoretical and experimental studies associated with electric field effectson the stability and transport are briefly surveyed. The effects of radial electric field on thesuppression and/or enhancement of various microinstabilities such as drift waves, flute mode andtemperature gradient modes are discussed. The suppression of flow shear on the electron temperaturegradient mode in plasmas with slightly hollow density profiles is investigated by solving thegyrokinetic integral eigenvalue equation. Comparison between theoretical predictions andexperimental observations based on the HIBP measurements with high temporal and spatial resolutionsis made in bumpy tori and heliotron (CHS) devices.

关键词： sheared flow microinstabilities transport bumpy tori heliotron

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