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A NEW cONcEPT TOWARD INDUSTRIALIZATION OF cu-III-VI_2 THIN FILM SOLAR cELLS AND SOME PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENT RESULTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 199-203页

作者： L.X.Shao H.L.hwang SchoolofInformationTechnologyandScience ZhanjiangNormalCollegeZhanjiang524048China DepartmentofElectricalEngineering NationalTsingHuaUniversityTaiwan300China

A new concept of full vacuum manufacturing for cu-III-IV2 thin-film solar cells has been discussed. cu-III-IV2 thin-film solar cells manufactured using full in- line reactive sputtering will result in lower cost than that of the conventional method with cdS layer fabricated with chemical bath deposition (cBS) method. Us ing reactive sputtering process with organo- metallic gases, the compositions a nd electronic properties of cu-III-IV2 thin-film can be fine-tuned and precisely controlled. n-type cu-III-IV2 film and ZnS suffer layer can also be deposited u sing the in-line sputtering instead of using the cdS layer. The environmental po llution problems arising from using cdS can be eliminated and the ultimate goal of full in-line process development can then be realized. Some preliminary exper imental results on a modal solar cell fabricated by the new technique in the new concept have been presented.

关键词： cu-III-VI2 thin film solar cells full reactive sputtering

cosmological constraints on the background dynamics of a two-field nonsingular bounce model

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chinese Physics c 2024年第11期48卷 149-155页

作者： kang Song Ri Sin chol hwang Hyon chol Ri Department of Physics Kim Il Sung UniversityRyongnam DongTaesong District PyongyangDemocratic People's Republic of Korea

In this study,we consider a nonsingular two-field bounce scenario with non-minimal kinetic coupling between two scalar *** derive constraints on the model parameters from the finiteness of the physical quantities at the classical level and from the relation between the late-time accelerated expansion and particle production up to the bounce *** then determine the allowed parameter space for the model.

关键词： bounce universe parameter space

Go green with plant organelle genome editing

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1415-1417页

作者： Hongwoo Lee cheljong Hong Jaewoong hwang Pil Joon Seo Department of chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Programmable genome-editing technologies that enable efficient and precise genetic manipulation at targeted genomic regions,in eluding zinc fin ger nucleases,tran scripti on activator-like effector nu cleases(TALENs),and clustered regularly in terspaced short palindromic repeat(cRISPR)systems,have become invaluable tools for plant biotech no logy and precision breedi ng(Sedeek et al.,2019).Genome-editing systems have been utilized in a variety of plant species to characterize nuclear gene functions and improve agricultural traits,such as crop yields,nutritional values,and biotic and abiotic stress toleranee(Sedeek et al„2019).

关键词： plant organelle traits

Polygonal multi-polymorphed Li4Ti5Oi2@rutile TiO2 as anodes in lithium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 897-904页

作者： chang Hyun hwang Hee-eun kim Inho Nam Jin Ho Bang Department ofBionano Technology Hanyang University 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro Sangnok-gu Ansan Gyeonggi-do 15588 Republic of Korea School of chemical Engineering & Materials Science Chung-Ang University 84 Heukseok-ro Dongjak-gu Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea Department of chemical and Molecular Engineering Hanyang University 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro Sangnok-gu Ansan Gyeonggi-do 15588 Republic of Korea

Li4Ti50i2 (LTO) has attracted considerable attention in lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications because of its favorable characteristics as an anode material. Despite its promise, the widespread use of LTO is still limited primarily due to its intrinsically poor electric and ionic con ductivities and high surface reactivity. To address these issues, we desig ned polyg onal nano architectures composed of various Li-Ti oxide crystal polymorphs by a facile synthesis route. Depending on the pH condition, this synthesis approach yields multi-polymorphed Li-Ti oxides where the interior is dominantly composed of a Li-rich phase and the exterior is a Li-deficient (or Li-free) phase. As one of these variations, a polygonal LTO-rutile TiO2 structure is formed. The rutile TiO2 on the surface of this LTO composite significantly improves the kinetics of Li^+ insertion/extraction because the channel along the o-axis in TQ2 provides a Li^+ highway due to the significantly low energy barrier for Li^+ diffusion. Moreover, the presenee of rutile TiO2, which is less reactive with a carbonate-based electrolyte, ensures Iong-term stability by suppress)ng the undesirable interfacial reaction on LTO.

关键词： micro-polygon structure Li-Ti oxide multi-polymorphs Li4Ti5Oi2@ rutile TiO2 anode lithium-ion batteries

Numerical evaluation of buckling behavior in space structure considering geometrical parameters with joint rigidity

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Journal of central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1115-1124页

作者： Su-Deok Shon kyung-Ju hwang Seung-Jae Lee School of Architectural Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education School of Architecture University of Seoul

The buckling behavior of single layer space structure is very sensitive. The joint rigidity, moreover, is one of the main factors of stability which may determine the entire failure behavior. Thus, the reasonable stiffness of joint system, which is neither total pin assumption nor perfect fix condition, is very important to apply to the real single layer space one. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate the buckling behavior of single layer space structure, using the development of the upgraded stiffness matrix for the joint rigidity. To derive tangential stiffness matrix, a displacement function was assumed using translational and rotational displacement at the node. The geometrical nonlinear analysis was simulated not only with perfect model but also with imperfect one. As a result, the one and two free nodal numerical models were investigated using derived stiffness matrix. It was figured out that the buckling load increases in proportion to joint rigidity with rise-span ratio. The stability of numerical model is very sensitive with the initial imperfection, responding of bifurcation in the structure.

关键词： space frame geometric nonlinearity snap-through bifurcation initial imperfection joint rigidity

capillary-force-induced collapse lithography for controlled plasmonic nanogap structures

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 404-412页

作者： Inki kim Jungho Mun Wooseup hwang Younghwan Yang Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials and Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

The capillary force effect is one of the most important fabrication parameters that must be considered at the micro/nanoscale because it is strong enough to deform micro/***,the deformation of micro/nanostructures due to such capillary forces(e.g.,stiction and collapse)has been regarded as an undesirable and uncontrollable obstacle to be avoided during ***,we present a capillary-force-induced collapse lithography(ccL)technique,which exploits the capillary force to precisely control the collapse of micro/*** uses electron-beam lithography,so nanopillars with various shapes can be fabricated by precisely controlling the capillary-force-dominant cohesion process and the nanopillar-geometry-dominant collapse process by adjusting the fabrication parameters such as the development time,electron dose,and shape of the *** aims to achieve sub-10-nm plasmonic nanogap structures that promote extremely strong focusing of *** is a simple and straightforward method to realize such nanogap structures that are needed for further research such as on plasmonic nanosensors.

关键词： capillary structures collapse

Artificial synaptic and self-rectifying properties of crystalline(Na_(1-x)k_(x))NbO_(3)thin films grown on Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10)nanosheet seed layers

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第28期123卷 136-143页

作者： In-Su kim Jong-Un Woo Hyun-Gyu hwang Bumjoo kim Sahn Nahm Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea kU-kIST Graduate School of converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

crystalline(Na_(1-x)k_(x))NbO_(3)(NkN)thin films were deposited on Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10)/TiN/Si(S-TS)substrates at 370°***_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10)(SNO)nanosheets served as a template for the formation of crystalline NkN films at low *** the NkN film was deposited on one SNO monolayer,the NkN memristor exhibited normal bipolar switching characteristics,which could be attributed to the formation and destruction of oxygen vacancy ***,the NkN memristor with one SNO monolayer exhibited artificial synaptic ***,the NkN memristor deposited on two SNO monolayers exhibited self-rectifying bipolar switching properties,with the two SNO monolayers acting as tunneling barriers in the *** conduction mechanism of the NkN memristor with two SNO monolayers in the highresistance state is attributed to Schottky emission,direct tunneling,and Fowler–Nordheim(FN)*** current conduction in this memristor in the low-resistance state was governed by direct tunneling and FN ***,the NkN memristor with two SNO monolayers exhibited large ON/OFF and rectification ratios and artificial synaptic ***,an NkN memristor with two SNO monolayers can be used for fabricating artificial synaptic devices with a cross-point array structure.

关键词： Bipolar switching properties Self-rectifying bipolar switching properties Artificial synaptic properties crystalline NkN thin film Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10)nanosheet seed layer

Recent developments in selective laser processes for wearable devices

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 517-547页

作者： Youngchan kim Eunseung hwang chang kai kaichen Xu Heng Pan Sukjoon Hong Optical Nanoprocessing Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringBK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE CenterHanyang University55 Hanyangdaehak-RoSangnok-GuAnsan 15588Republic of Korea Multiscale Manufacturing Lab J.Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA State key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Recently,the increasing interest in wearable technology for personal healthcare and smart virtual/augmented reality applications has led to the development of facile fabrication *** have long been used to develop original solutions to such challenging technological problems due to their remote,sterile,rapid,and site-selective processing of *** this review,recent developments in relevant laser processes are summarized under two separate ***,transformative approaches,such as for laser-induced graphene,are *** addition to design optimization and the alteration of a native substrate,the latest advances under a transformative approach now enable more complex material compositions and multilayer device configurations through the simultaneous transformation of heterogeneous precursors,or the sequential addition of functional layers coupled with other electronic *** addition,the more conventional laser techniques,such as ablation,sintering,and synthesis,can still be used to enhance the functionality of an entire system through the expansion of applicable materials and the adoption of new ***,various wearable device components developed through the corresponding laser processes are discussed,with an emphasis on chemical/physical sensors and energy *** addition,special attention is given to applications that use multiple laser sources or processes,which lay the foundation for the all-laser fabrication of wearable devices.

关键词： Selective laser process Wearable device Transformative approach Laser-induced graphene Ablation Sintering Synthesis

High-Spin Structure in Neutron-Rich ^108Ru Nucleus

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chinese Physics Letters 2004年第10期21卷 1904-1907页

作者：车兴来朱胜江 J.H.Hamilton A.V.Ramayya J.k.hwang 禹英男李明亮郑然成 I.Y.Lee J.O.Rasmussen Y.X.Luo W.c.Ma DepartmentofPhysics TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084 DepartmentofPhysics VanderbiltUniversityNashvilleTennessee37235USA LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory BerkeleyCalifornia94720USA DepartmentofPhysics MississippiStateUniversityMississippi39762USA

High spin states in the neutron-rich 108Ru nucleus have been studied through measuring prompt γ-ray coincidences following the spontaneous fission of 252cf with the Gammasphere detector array. The yrast band has been confirmed. The one-phonon γ-vibrational band and the two-quasiparticle band based on the 5- level have been extended up to 13+ and 15-, respectively. In addition, two levels at 1644.8keV and 1826.5keV excitation energies are newly identified and proposed to be the members of a two phonon γ-vibrational band. It is shown that the 108Ru nucleus has triaxial deformation with parameters β2～0.29 and γ=-22°from the total Routhian surface calculations. The observed band crossing in the yrast band is due to the alignment of a pair of h11/2 neutrons according to the cranked shell model calculations. The possible configuration for the two-quasiparticle band has been discussed.

关键词： Nuclear physics