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Surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: From the gastroenterologist's stand-point

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2024年第5期16卷 1235-1254页

作者： Triantafillidis, John k. Metropolitan Gen Hosp Inflammatory Bowel Dis Unit 264 Mesogeion Ave Attica 15562 Greece Hellen Soc Gastrointestinal Oncol Athens 12461 Greece

Treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) represents, in the majority of cases, a real challenge to the gastroenterologist's abilities and sk.lls as well as a clinical test concerning his/her levels of medical k.owledge and experience. During the last two decades, our pharmaceutical arsenal was significantly strengthened, especially after the introduction of the so-called biological agents, drugs which to a large extent not only improved the results of conservative treatment but also changed the natural history of the disease. However, colectomy is still necessary for some patients with severe UC although smaller compared to the past, precisely because of the improvements achieved in the available conservative treatment. Nevertheless, surgeries to treat colon dysplasia and cancer are increasing to some extent. At the same time, satisfactory improvements in surgical techniques, the pre-and post-operative care of patients, as well as the selection of the appropriate time for performing the surgery have been noticed. Regarding patients with CD, the improvement of conservative treatment did not significantly change the need for surgical treatment since two-thirds of patients need to undergo surgery at some point in the course of their disease. On the other hand, the outcome of the operation has improved through good preoperative care as well as the wide application of more conservative surgical techniques aimed at k.eping as much of the bowel in situ as possible. This article discusses the indications for surgical management of UC patients from the gastroenterologist's point of view, the results of the emerging new techniques such as transanal surgery and robotics, as well as alternative operations to the classic ileo-anal-pouch anastomosis. The author also discusses the basic principles of surgical management of patients with CD based on the results of the relevant literature. The self-evident is emphasized, that is, to achieve an excellent therapeutic result in patients with severe inflammatory

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Surgery Treatment Ileo-anal-pouch anastomosis Indications Techniques LAPAROSCOPIC ILEOCECAL RESECTION CROHNS-DISEASE ULCERATIVE-COLITIS TERMINAL ILEITIS COLORECTAL-CANCER SURGERY COLECTOMY THERAPY RECURRENCE MECHANISMS

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Effects of urbanization on historical heritage buildings in k.mbak.nam, lamilnadu, India

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第1期8卷 94-105页

作者： k. k.ruthiga k. Thirumaran Department of Architecture Notional Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India

Urbanization is a com mon and inevitable occurrence everywhere. While growth and expa nsion are beneficial for many people and busin esses, there is a potential for loss of historical areas that are the heritage value to people. This paper investigates the effects of urbanization on the heritage buildings in the historical-heritage temple town of k.mbak.nam in Tamilnadu, India. Heritage temple towns are frequent targets for the rapid transition to urbanization that is often accompanied by alteration of historical areas. The primary objective of this study was to identify how urbanization could change the heritage characteristics in a temple town. An ordinal regression model was used to analyze urbanization data from the heritage town of k.mbak.nam. Our fin dings revealed specific physical, socioeconomic, and sociocultural factors of urbanization that caused identifiable and sign ifica nt changes in the heritage characteristics of k.mbak.on am. These factors play a significant role and would aid in the implementation of the Local Development Plan (LDP) for sustainable urban growth and preservation of the heritage character of k.mbak.nam.

关键词： Urbanization Built heritage Historic town k.mbak.nam

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Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO：Ag Nanopowders Through the Addition of Bamboo Charcoal： An Efficient Natural Adsorbent

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第12期30卷 1249-1256页

作者： k. Nithiyadevi k. Ravichandran PG Research and Department of Physics AVVM Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous) Poondi Thanjavur Tamil Nadu 613 503 India Department of Physics Bharathidasan University Constituent College (Women) Orathanadu Tamil Nadu 614 625 India

This research article explains the removal of methylene blue （MB） and malachite green （MG） from aqueous solution using adsorption/photodegradation activity of ZnO：Ag/bamboo charcoal （BC） nanocomposite. In addition, the antibacterial studies of the prepared samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） Gram-positive and Escherichia coli （E. coli） Gram-negative bacteria by the well diffusion method. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared with ZnO：Ag. Remark.ble degradation efficiencies of 93.95% （MB） and 95.75% （MG） were recorded for ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite after 45 min. The degradation process follows a pseudo-first-order k.netics. The rate constant of ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite is two times greater than that of pristine ZnO nanopowder for the degradation of MB dye, while for MG dye degradation, it is three times. It is found that the ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite shows a higher rate of dye removal due to excellent adsorbing properties of bamboo charcoal （BC）. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite showed better antibacterial properties compared to ZnO：Ag. In this study, the samples were prepared using a simple and low-cost soft chemical route and they were characterized by optical, structural, surface morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. These characterization studies substantiate the discussions on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of the synthesized samples.

关键词： Bamboo charcoal Adsorbent ZnO Photocatalysis Antibacterial

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A Cooperative Approach of Frequency Regulation Through Virtual Inertia Control and Enhancement of Low Voltage Ride-through in DFIG-based Wind Farm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1519-1530页

作者： Preeti Verma Seethalek.hmi k. Bharti Dwivedi Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Engineering and TechnologyLucknow 226021Uttar PradeshIndiawhich is a constituent institute of Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh(U.P.)India IEEE

Doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)-based wind farms(WFs)are interfaced with power electronic converters.Such interfaces are attributed to the low inertia generated in the WFs under high penetration and that becomes prevalent in a fault scenario.Therefore,transient stability enhancement along with frequency stability in DFIG-based WFs is a major concern in the present scenario.In this paper,a cooperative approach consisting of virtual inertia control(VIC)and a modified grid-side converter(GSC)approach for low voltage ride-through(LVRT)is proposed to achieve fault ride-through(FRT)capabilities as per the grid code requirements(GCRs)while providing frequency support to the grid through a synthetic inertia.The proposed approach provides LVRT and reactive power compensation in the system.The participation of the VIC in a rotor-side converter(RSC)provides frequency support to the DFIG-based WFs.The combined approach supports active power compensation and provides sufficient k.netic energy support to the system in a contingency scenario.Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.environment for symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.The superiority of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through analysis of the performance of the scheme and that of a series resonance bridge-type fault current limiter(SR-BFCL).

关键词： Virtual inertia controller(VIC) doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) fault ride-through(FRT)capability wind farm(WF) fault current limiter(FCL)

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Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on blood transfusion service:an experience from a regional blood transfusion center

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Blood Science 2023年第3期5卷 209-217页

作者： Sanjay k.Thak.r Anil k.Sinha Dinesh k.Negi Sompal Singh PhD Research Scholar P.G.Department of ZoologyVeer Kunwar Singh UniversityAraBihar 802301India Dean Faculty of Science and Head P.G.Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAraBihar 802301India Former CMO In charge Department of RBTCHindu Rao HospitalDelhi 110007India Specialist Pathologist Head Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Department of PathologyHindu Rao HospitalDelhi 110007India

The unforeseen and uncertain life-threatening situation of the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected all areas of the human daily work.schedule.This study was designed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood transfusion services and discuss the adopted confrontation measures for uninterrupted blood supply during the pandemic situation.The data on blood donation,blood component preparation,and issue from January 2019 to December 2022 were collected from the inventory registers of the RBTC,Delhi,India.Compared to the non-pandemic year 2019,during the year 2020,all variables decreased gradually.The observed maximum decrease in variables such as blood collection(–79.16%)in the month of October,blood issue(–71.61%)in the month of August,random donor platelets(RDP)preparation(–98.09%)in the month of October,RDP issue(–86.08%)in the month of September,fresh frozen plasma(FFP)preparation(–100%)in the month of October,and FFP issue(–96.08%)in the month of July with an annual decrease of–45.52%,–42.87%,–33.00%,–59.79%,–40.98%,and–54.48%,respectively,as compared to year 2019.Compared to year 2020,in year 2021,the annual increase in blood collection,blood issue,FFP preparation,FFP issue,RDP preparation,and RDP issue was+50.20%,+21.68%,+65.31%,+78.52%,+116.23%,and+213.30%,respectively.Our study results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected blood transfusion services at our blood bank.The adopted coping strategies to maintain the safe and uninterrupted blood transfusion chain at our blood bank.gave us lessons for future preparedness if faced with a similar situation.

关键词： Blood bank.inventory Blood components Blood recipients Blood transfusion COVID-19 pandemic

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Pre-treatment of rock. prior to comminution--A critical review of present practices

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第2期27卷 339-348页

作者： Somani Aditya Nandi Tapas k. Pal Samir k. Majumder Arun k. Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Cryogenic Engineering Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral industries.Various alternative pre-treatment methods have been tried by experts around the globe. Although these methods yielded positive results in terms of reduction in energy consumption in crushing and particularly, in grinding operations at laboratory scale, their industrial application still remains an unresolved issue and challenge. Present review paper describes each one of these methods along with outcome of earlier studies and issues that need to be addressed through further rigorous experimental investigation.It also suggests the direction in which future studies can be carried out to meet the primary objective of mak.ng comminution processes more energy efficient than today they are.

关键词：粉碎过程预处理实验室规模岩石能源消耗工业应用前处理方法密集型

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Visual perception on the architectural elements of the built heritage of a historic temple town： A case study of k.mbak.nam, India

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第1期6卷 96-107页

作者： k. k.ruthisa k. Thirumaran Department of Architecture National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu 620015 India

This paper aims to investigate the changes in the virtual perception on the built heritage at the traditional core setttement of k.mbak.nam Town at Tamitnadu and to analyze their implica- tions. Specifically, the major objectives of the study are （1） to identify the architectural elements that manifest the built heritage of k.mbak.nam Town and （2） to assess the contMbutions of these elements to the changes in the visuat perception of the town. To achieve these objectives, this study adopts an empirical model that analyzes the architectural elements of the buildings in the study area. Direct observations and documentations of 373 buildings are collected to analyze those etements that contribute to the changes in the visual perception on the built heritage of k.mbak.nam Town. An ordinary regression model is used to examine the characteristics of the built heritage across the chariot processional route of the town. Several architectural elements, including pitasters, horizontal cornices, arched windows, and ornamental parapets, improve the image of the town. These empirical findings support the policy framework.that enhances the visual perception of k.mbak.nam Town.

关键词： Visual perception Built heritage Ordinal regression Architectural ele-ments Historic town

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Cloning ＆ sequence identification of Hsp27 gene and expression analysis of the protein on thermal stress in Lucilia cuprina

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Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 555-568页

作者： Manish k. Singh Pramod k. Tiwari Center for Genomics Molecular & Human Genetics Jiwaji University Gwafior 474011 Cytogenetics Laboratory Department of Zoology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India

Hsp27, a highly conserved small molecular weight heat shock.protein, is widely k.own to be developmentally regulated and heat inducible. Its role in thermotolerance is also implicated. This study is a sequel of our earlier studies to understand the molecular organization of heat shock.genes/proteins and their role in development and thermal adaptation in a sheep pest, Lucilia cuprina （blowfly）, which exhibits unusually high adaptability to a variety of environmental stresses, including heat and chemicals. In this report our aim was to understand the evolutionary relationship of Lucilia hsp27 gene/protein with those of other species and its role in thermal adaptation. We sequence characterized the Lchsp27 gene （coding region） and analyzed its expression in various larval and adult tissues under normal as well as heat shock.conditions. The nucleotide sequence analysis of 678 bps long-coding region of Lchsp27 exhibited closest evolutionary proximity with Drosophila （90.09%）, which belongs to the same order, Diptera. Heat shock.caused significant en- hancement in the expression ofLchsp27 gene in all the larval and adult tissues examined, however, in a tissue specific manner. Significantly, in Malpighian tubules, while the heatinduced level ofhsp27 transcript （mRNA） appeared increased as compared to control, the protein level remained unaltered and nuclear localized. We infer that Lchsp27 may have significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, particularly, during summer months, when the fly remains exposed to high heat in its natural habitat.

关键词： heat shock.protein Hsp27 Lucilia cuprina thermal stress

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A discrete model for prediction of radon flux from fractured rock.

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第5期10卷 879-892页

作者： k.M. Ajayi k. Shahbazi R Tuk.araja k. k.tzenstein Department of Mechanical Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 USA b Department of Mining Engineering and Management South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 USA Department of Geology and Geological Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 USA

Prediction of radon flux from the fractured zone of a propagating cave mine is basically associated with uncertainty and complexity. For instance, there is restricted access to these zones for field measure- ments, and it is quite difficult to replicate the complex nature of both natural and induced fractures in these zones in laboratory studies. Hence, a technique for predicting radon flux from a fractured rock.using a discrete fracture network.（DFN） model is developed to address these difficulties. This model quantifies the contribution of fractures to the total radon flux, and estimates the fracture density from a measured radon flux considering the effects of advection, diffusion, as well as radon generation and decay. Radon generation and decay are classified as reaction processes. Therefore, the equation solved is termed as the advection-diffusion-reaction equation （ADRE）. Peclet number （Pe）, a conventional dimensionless parameter that indicates the ratio of mass transport by advection to diffusion, is used to classify the transport regimes. The results show that the proposed model effectively predicts radon flux from a fractured rock. An increase in fracture density for a rock.sample with uniformly distributed radon generation rate can elevate radon flux significantly compared with another rock.sample with an equivalent increase in radon generation rate. In addition to Pe, two other independent dimensionless parameters （derived for radon transport through fractures） significantly affect radon dimensionless flux. Findings provide insight into radon transport through fractured rock. and can be used to improve radon control measures for proactive mitigation.

关键词： Radon mass flux Radon dimensionless flux Stochastic model Discrete fracture network.（DFN） Caving mining method Fractured rock.

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Highest Achievable Detection Range for SPR Based Sensors Using Gallium Phosphide （GAP） as a Substrate： a Theoretical Study

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Photonic Sensors 2016年第2期6卷 181-186页

作者： Rajneesh k. VERMA Ak.ilesh k. MISHRA Department of Physics Central University of Rajasthan (India) BandarSindri Ajmer 305817 India Department of Electrical Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

在现在的学习，我们理论上为基于的表面电浆子回声(SPR ) 建模察觉到由镓 phosphidee 组成利用棱柱的薄片。它在学习被发现了折射索引从气体的媒介开始到高度集中的液体的一个大范围能被在光谱的可见区域使用一个单个薄片察觉到。有察... 详细信息

在现在的学习，我们理论上为基于的表面电浆子回声(SPR ) 建模察觉到由镓 phosphidee 组成利用棱柱的薄片。它在学习被发现了折射索引从气体的媒介开始到高度集中的液体的一个大范围能被在光谱的可见区域使用一个单个薄片察觉到。有察觉到区域的敏感以及察觉精确性的变化折射索引详细被分析了。与大动态范围一起的敏感的大价值是察觉到探查的礼品的有益的特征。

关键词： SPR传感器检测范围磷化镓 GAP 表面等离子体共振底物传感芯片大动态范围

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