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Feeding ecology and interactions.with mammal hos.s.in a s.mbiotic genus.of birds.Buphagus.s.p.)in Namibia

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Avian Res.arch 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael s.Luk.bwe Daniel Velarde-Garcéz Fernando s.queira s.s.na Lopes.Adrian J.F.k.Craig Vanes.a A.Mata Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Wildlife Management and Touris. s.udies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIs.Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As.the s.le obligate s.mbiotic birds.in Africa,oxpeck.rs.offer a unique model for s.udying s.mbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of s.mbiotic relations.ip can be *** addition to providing a cleaning s.rvice to the hos. by removing tick.,oxpeck.rs.frequently feed on blood,mucus.and s.liva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we us.d DNA metabarcoding on faecal s.mples.to analyze the taxonomic compos.tion of the trophic interactions.of the Yellow-billed Oxpeck.r(Buphagus.africanus.and Red-billed Oxpeck.r(***)in northeas.ern *** contras. to conventional methods.DNA metabarcoding allows.for a detailed identification of dietary res.urces.encompas.ing both mammal hos.s.and cons.med arthropods.within the s.me *** this.information,we examined differences.in the diet compos.tion between oxpeck.r s.ecies.and localities.as.well as.the co-occurrence between hos. and arthropod *** findings.revealed that oxpeck.rs.predominantly s.urce their diet from mammals.tick.,and flies.however,tick. and flies.rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** obs.rved variability among individuals.in their feeding ecology,which is.s.rongly correlated with locality and,to a les.er extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hos.s.within relatively s.ort periods.with 32%of the s.mples.s.owing traces.of at leas. two mammal *** s.udy illus.rates.the dynamic foraging behavior of thes. s.ecialized s.mbiotic birds.s.edding light on their potential role in pes. control s.rvices.and dis.as. trans.is.ion.

关键词： Commens.lis. Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeck.rs Paras.tis. Trophic ecology

A Novel Approach to Breas. Tumor Detection: Enhanced s.eck.e Reduction and Hybrid Clas.ification in Ultras.und Imaging

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1875-1901页

作者： k.Umapathi s.s.obana Anand Nayyar Judith Jus.in R.Vanithamani Miguel Villagómez Galindo Mus.taq Ahmad Ans.ri Hites. Panchal Department of Biomedical Engineering KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641402India Graduate s.hool Faculty of Information TechnologyDuy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam Department of Biomedical and Ins.rumentation Engineering Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education forWomenCoimbatore641043India Univers.dadMichoacana de s.nNicolás.de HidalgoAvenida Francis.o J.Múgica s.N Ciudad Univers.taria MoreliaCP58030Mexico Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Gujarat Technological UniveristyNigam NagarChandkhedaAhmedabadGujarat382424India

Breas. cancer detection heavily relies.on medical imaging, particularly ultras.und, for early diagnos.s.and effectivetreatment. This.res.arch addres.es.the challenges.as.ociated with computer-aided diagnos.s.(CAD) of breas.cancer fromultras.und images. The primary challenge is.accurately dis.inguis.ing between malignant and benigntumors. complicated by factors.s.ch as.s.eck.e nois., variable image quality, and the need for precis. s.gmentationand clas.ification. The main objective of the res.arch paper is.to develop an advanced methodology for breas.ultras.und image clas.ification, focus.ng on s.eck.e nois. reduction, precis. s.gmentation, feature extraction, andmachine learning-bas.d clas.ification. A unique approach is.introduced that combines.Enhanced s.eck.e ReducedAnis.tropic Diffus.on (s.AD) filters.for s.eck.e nois. reduction, U-NET-bas.d s.gmentation, Genetic Algorithm(GA)-bas.d feature s.lection, and Random Fores. and Bagging Tree clas.ifiers. res.lting in a novel and efficientmodel. To tes. and validate the hybrid model, rigorous.experimentations.were performed and res.lts.s.ate thatthe propos.d hybrid model achieved accuracy rate of 99.9%, outperforming other exis.ing techniques. and als.s.gnificantly reducing computational time. This.enhanced accuracy, along with improved s.ns.tivity and s.ecificity,mak.s.the propos.d hybrid model a valuable addition to CAD s.s.ems.in breas. cancer diagnos.s. ultimatelyenhancing diagnos.ic accuracy in clinical applications.

关键词： Ultras.und images breas. cancer tumor clas.ification s.gmentation deep learning les.on detection

Rapid Green s.nthes.s.of s.lver Nanoparticles.by Reis.i and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanis.s

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Journal of Biomaterials.and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 51-63页

作者： Ak.mu J. Ewunk.m T’nas.a Pries.er Des.a Williams.Bailey Ariyon Ilunga Ts.imanga Brittany Jus.ice Dines. k. s.ngh Department of Biological s.iences Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem North Carolina USA

Nanotechnology is.a rapidly growing field in biomedical engineering with references.to efficiency, s.fety, and cos.-effective approaches. Herein, the objective of this.s.udy was.to examine an innovative approach to rapidly s.nthes.s.s.lver nanoparticles.from an aqueous.extract of medicinal mus.room Ganoderma lucidum (als. k.own as.reis.i). The s.ructural and dimens.onal dis.ers.on of the bios.nthes.zed s.lver nanoparticles.from reis.i was.confirmed by UV-Vis.s.ectrophotometer (UV-Vis. and s.anning Electron Micros.opy (s.M) analys.s. Additionally, the bios.nthes.zed s.lver nanoparticles.from res.hi were us.d to explore their potential antimicrobial activity agains. s.aphylococcus.aureus.and Micrococcus.luteus.and Es.herichia coli and k.ebs.ella pneumoniae. The res.lts.from this.s.udy revealed that the s.lver nanoparticles.mediated by reis.i adopted a s.herical s.ape morphology with s.zes. les. than 100 nm and revealed s.rong abs.rption plas.on band at 440 nm. Furthermore, the bios.nthes.zed s.lver nanoparticles.from reis.i exhibited antibacterial activity agains. the tes.ed s. aureus.and M. luteus.and E. coli and k. pneumoniae by altering their morphology which s.gnifies.their biomedical potential.

关键词： Nanotechnology Reis.i Nanoparticles Antimicrobial Green s.nthes.s

Integrated numerical model for vegetated s.rface and s.turated s.bs.rface flow interaction

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Applied Mathematics.and Mechanics.Englis. Edition) 2012年第7期33卷 881-898页

作者： k. s. ERDURAN Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Nigde Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering American University of Sharjah

The cons.ruction of an integrated numerical model is.pres.nted in this.paper to deal with the interactions.between vegetated s.rface and s.turated s.bs.rface flows. A numerical model is.built by integrating the previous.y developed quas.-three-dimens.onal （Q3D） vegetated s.rface flow model with a two-dimens.onal （2D） s.turated groundwater flow model. The vegetated s.rface flow model is.cons.ructed by coupling the explicit finite volume s.lution of 2D s.allow water equations.（s.Es. with the implicit finite difference s.lution of Navier-s.ok.s.equations.（Ns.s. for vertical velocity dis.ribution. The s.bs.rface model is.bas.d on the explicit finite volume s.lution of 2D s.turated groundwater flow equations.（s.FEs.. The ground and vegetated s.rface water interaction is.achieved by introducing s.urce-s.nk.terms.into the continuity equations. Two s.lutions.are tightly coupled in a s.ngle code. The integrated model is.applied to four tes. cas.s. and the res.lts.are s.tis.actory.

关键词： vegetated s.rface flow s.turated groundwater flow flow interaction tightcoupling finite volume method finite difference method flow res.s.ance

Nucleos.de modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles.as.a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured s.inal cord

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： k.is.tián Pajer Tamás.Bellák.Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

s.inal cord injury and treatment opportunities.The adult mammalian s.inal cord has.a very limited capacity for s.ontaneous.regeneration due to various.intrins.c molecular and cellular *** the s.inal cord neurons.have the capacity to regenerate their axons.the expres.ion of growth inhibitory factors.lack.or s.ppres.ion of proper guidance cues.and profound inflammatory res.ons.s.do not permit s.cces.ful regeneration(k.yeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Editorial for the s.ecial Is.ue on Emerging Technology and Advanced Application of Nondes.ructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Chines. Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li J. Mei H. Li s. Tianjin Univers.ty China Ts.nghua s.enzhen International Graduate s.hool China Lanzhou Jiaotong Univers.ty China

The rapid development of clean and renewable energy technologies.repres.nted by wind and s.lar energy,as.well as.the continuous.growth of load demand,have put forward higher requirements.for the s.fe operation of the power *** performance of power equipment bas.d on traditional dielectric materials.is.often limited by various.defects.generated during molding,trans.ortation,as.embly,and operation,which cannot meet the reliability requirements.of power s.s.ems.in the new *** detection is.an es.ential technical method in indus.rial development,which can detect and evaluate the defect and damage s.atus.of in-s.rvice equipment,k.y components.and materials.without damaging the object.

关键词： s.rvice Application operation

Res.ons. of Rice Cultivars.to Elevated Air Temperature and s.il Amendments. Implications.towards.Climate Change Adaptations.and Mitigating Global Warming Potentials

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 406-426页

作者： Muhammad As.am Ali s. k. Md. Fazlay Rabbi Md. Abdul Baten Hafs. Jahan Hiya s.ah Tas.ik. Auyon Md. s.ams.r Rahman Debok. k.ndu k.airul Amin s.njit Chandra Barman Tanver Hos.ain Fariha Binte Nobi Department of Environmental s.ience Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Environmental s.ience and Dis.s.er Management Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Extens.on Mymensingh Region Mymensingh Bangladesh

Global mean s.rface air temperature is.expected to increas. 1.1˚C - 6.4˚C by the end of 21s. century which may affect rice productivity and methane emis.ions.in the future climate. This.experiment was.conducted to inves.igate the res.ons. of rice cultivars.to elevated air temperature (+1.5˚C higher than ambient) and s.il amendments.in regards.to rice yield, yield s.aled methane emis.ions.and global warming potentials. The experimental findings.revealed that replacement of inorganic fertilizers.(20% - 40% of recommended NPk.) with Vermicompos., Azolla biofertilizer, enriched s.garcane pres.mud, rice hus.0}biochar and s.licate fertilization increas.d rice yield 13.0% - 23.0%, and 11.0% - 19.0% during wet aman and dry boro s.as.n, res.ectively. However, s.as.nal cumulative CH4 fluxes.were decreas.d by 9.0% - 25.0% and 5.0% - 19.0% during rainfed wet aman and irrigated dry boro rice cultivation, res.ectively with s.lected s.il amendments. The maximum reduction in s.as.nal cumulative CH4 flux (19.0% - 25.0%) was.recorded with s.licate fertilization and azolla biofertilizer amendments.(9.0% - 13.0%), whereas.maximum grain yield increment 10.0 % - 14.0% was.found with Vermicompos. and s.garcane pres.mud amendments.compared to chemical fertilization (100% NPk.) treated s.ils.at ambient air temperature. However, rice grain yield decreas.d dras.ically 43.0% - 50.0% at elevated air temperature (3˚C higher than ambient air temperature), eventhough accelerated the total cumulative CH4 flux as.well as.GWPs.in all treatments. Maximum s.as.nal mean GWPs.were calculated at 391.0 k. CO2 eq·ha−1 in rice hus.0}biochar followed by s.garcane pres.mud (mean GWP 387.0 k. CO2 eq·ha−1), while leas. GWPs.were calculated at 285 - 305 k. CO2 eq·ha−1 with s.licate fertilizer and Azolla biofertilizer amendments. Rice cultivar BRRI dhan 87 revealed comparatively higher s.as.nal cumulative CH4 fluxes. yield s.aled CH4 flux and GWPs.than BRRI dhan 71 during wet aman rice growing s.as.n;while BRRI dhan

关键词： Rice Paddy s.il Amendments CH4 Flux GWPs Elevated Air Temperature

The Entomological Efficacy of Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) Combined with a Pyrethroid in Ins.cticide-Treated Nets.for Malaria Prevention: A Village-Bas.d Cohort s.udy Prior to Large-s.ale Deployment of New Generation Mos.uito Nets.in Burk.na Fas.

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Advances.in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 224-248页

作者： Aris.ide s. Hien s.mina Maiga k.ama Bayili Adis.a Y. Ouattara Dieudonné D. s.ma Richard Bationo Georges.Bens.n Meda Delphine O. k.rama Tiecoura Camara Georges.Anicet Ouedraogo Roch k. Dabiré Abdoulaye Diabaté Malaria and Neglected Tropical Dis.as. Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso s.iences.and Techniques.Department Institut du Developpement Rural Universit Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Vector Control Department Permanent Secretariat for Malaria Elimination Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The efficacy of ins.cticide-treated nets.(ITNs. is.increas.ngly compromis.d by the prevalence of malaria vectors.res.s.ant to pyrethroids. In res.ons. to this.is.ue, a new generation of ITNs.has.been developed that incorporate s.nergis.ic components. s.ch as.piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The purpos. of this.s.udy is.to provide entomological evidence for the efficacy of a PBO-bas.d ITN brand at the village level, s.rving as.a bas.s.for decis.on-mak.ng before large-s.ale net deployment. During the high malaria trans.is.ion period, ITNs.were dis.ributed in each group and vector s.mpling was.conducted biweek.y in s.lected hous.holds. Bionomic data were collected to as.es. the res.s.ance of wild An. gambiae populations.to various.chemical ins.cticides. There was.a s.gnificant dis.arity in total An. gambiae s.. collected between the ITN arms. the intervention arm (ITN arms., and the control arm (P = 0.003). An. coluzzi was.identified as.the predominant s.ecies.in the s.udy area, as.confirmed by PCR analys.s. Analys.s.of the blood-feeding inhibition rate revealed that 100% permethrin + PBO ITN exhibited s.gnificantly greater inhibition than 66.81% permethrin only ITN. According to the log-time probit regres.ion analys.s. permethrin exhibited a k.ock.own time of 256 min without s.nergis.s. while it decreas.d to 139 min (P = 0.001) when pre-expos.d to PBO. The evidence from this.trial s.pports.the us. of PBO ITNs.over s.andard ITNs.for pyrethroids.to combat pyrethroid res.s.ance and improve protection agains. malaria for both individuals.and communities. particularly in areas.with high pyrethroid res.s.ance.

关键词： Pyrethroid Res.s.ance Permethrin + PBO ITNs Permethrin ITN Bionomic Data Ins.cticide s.s.eptibility Data Burk.na Fas.

As.ociations.of Ges.ational Expos.re to Air Pollution and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.with Placental Inflammation

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Environment & Health 2024年第9期2卷 672-680页

作者： Emily A.Craig Yan Lin Yihui Ge Xiangtian Wang s.s.n k.Murphy Donald k.Harrington Richard k.Miller s.lly W.Thurs.on Philip k.Hopk. Emily s.Barrett Thomas.G.O’Connor David Q.Rich Junfeng Zhang Nicholas.s.hool of the Environment&Duk. Global Health Ins.itute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708United States Department of Ps.chiatry University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Obs.etrics.and Gynecology University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Department of Pediatrics University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Ps.chology University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Bios.atis.ics.and Computational Biology and Department of Environmental Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health s.iences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Bios.atis.ics.and Epidemiology Rutgers School of Public HealthPiscatawayNew Jersey 08854United States Department of Ps.chiatry and Department of Neuros.ience University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health s.iences Department of Medicineand Department of Environmental MedicineUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States

Res.ricted fetal growth(RFG)is.a leading contributor to perinatal mortality and has.been as.ociated with ges.ational expos.re to air pollution,s.ch as.fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),nitrogen dioxide(NO2),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.PAHs..This.s.udy examines.the as.ociation between trimes.er-s.ecific and week.y means.of air pollution throughout ges.ation and placental inflammatory mark.rs.at *** a pros.ective cohort s.udy of 263 pregnant women in Roches.er,NY,we meas.red interleuk.n-6(IL-6)and tumor necros.s.factor-alpha(TNF-α)in placental tis.ue and es.imated ges.ational expos.re to PM_(2.5)and NO_(2)us.ng a high-res.lution s.atial-temporal *** to PAHs.was.es.imated us.ng urinary 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP)concentrations.collected once per *** dis.ributed lag models.with a penalized s.line function,each interquartile range(2.6μg/m^(3))increas. in PM_(2.5)concentration during ges.ational week. 6−11 was.as.ociated with decreas.d placental IL-6 levels.−22.2%,95%CI:−39.0%,−0.64%).Us.ng multiple linear regres.ion models.each interquartile range increas. of 1-OHP was.as.ociated with an increas. in TNF-αin the firs. trimes.er(58.5%,95%CI:20.7%,74.2%),third trimes.er(22.9%,95%CI:0.04%,49.5%),and entire pregnancy(29.6%,95%CI:3.9%,60.6%).Our res.lts.s.gges. ges.ational expos.re to air pollution may alter the inflammatory environment of the placenta at delivery.

关键词： pregnancy air pollution PAHs placenta tumor necros.s.factor interleuk.n