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Hypothyroid effects on astrocytes and microglia in the adult rat hippocampus

Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第12期4卷 1078-1082页

作者： Choong Hyun Lee jung hoon Choi In Koo Hwang Ki-Yeon Yoo Hyung-Cheul Shin Moo-Ho Won Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurodegeneration and NeuroregenerationCollege of MedicineHallym University South Korea Institute of Naturat Medicine Hallym University Department ofAnatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary ScienceSeoul National Unlversity South Korea Institute of Natural Medicine Hallym University Department of Physiology College of MedicineHallym University

BACKGROUND： Thyroid hormones modulate proliferation of astrocytes and microglia depending on maturation stage and localization. Studies have demonstrated that triiodothyronine treatment or thyroidectomy during developmental stages results in morphological alterations and changes in the number of astrocytes and microglia. Little is known about the effects of hypothyroidism on astrocytes and microglia in adults. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of hypothyroidism on morphology and number of astrocytes and microglia in the adult rat hippocampus. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuroendocrinological, animal study was performed at the College of Medicine, Hallym University, South Korea between May 2008 and April 2009. MATERIALS： Methimazole, rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） antiserum, and rabbit anti-lba-1 antiserum were purchased from Sigma, USA. Rabbit anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody was provided by Chemicon, USA. Rabbit anti-lba-1 polyclonal antibody was purchased from Wako, Japan. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-biotin nick-end-labeling （TUNEL） kit was provided by Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany. METHODS： Hypothyroidism was induced in Wistar rats via methimazole administration （0.025%） in drinking water for 5 weeks, starting at 6 months of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Following methimazole treatment, hippocampai neuronal death was determined using TUNEL staining. The morphology and number of GFAP and lba-1 immunoreactive cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. Hippocampal GFAP and lba-1 protein levels were detected by Western blot analysis. Serum-free triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were quantified. RESULTS： TUNEL-positive neurons were not observed in the hippocampus of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Compared with the euthyroid rats, the number of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes was decreased, and serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were significantly decreased. In contrast, the numb

关键词： astrocytes hippocampus hypothyroidism microglia Wistar rats

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Glucose metabolism and neurogenesis in the gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1254-1259页

作者： Dae Young Yoo Kwon Young Lee Joon Ha Park Hyo Young jung Jong Whi Kim Yeo Sung Yoon Moo-Ho Won jung hoon Choi In Koo Hwang Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicineand Research Institute for Veterinary ScienceSeoul National University Department of Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary ScienceKangwon National University Department of Neurobiology School of MedicineKangwon National University

Recent evidence exists that glucose transporter 3（GLUT3） plays an important role in the energy metabolism in the *** previous studies have been conducted using focal or hypoxic ischemia models and have focused on changes in GLUT3 expression based on protein and m RNA levels rather than tissue *** the present study,we observed change in GLUT3 immunoreactivity in the adult gerbil hippocampus at various time points after 5 minutes of transient forebrain *** the sham-operated group,GLUT3 immunoreactivity in the hippocampal CA1 region was weak,in the pyramidal cells of the CA1 region increased in a time-dependent fashion 24 hours after ischemia,and in the hippocampal CA1 region decreased significantly between 2 and 5 days after ischemia,with high level of GLUT3 immunoreactivity observed in the CA1 region 10 days after *** a double immunofluorescence study using GLUT3 and glial-fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP）,we observed strong GLUT3 immunoreactivity in the ***3 immunoreactivity increased after ischemia and peaked 7 days in the dentate gyrus after ischemia/*** a double immunofluorescence study using GLUT3 and doublecortin（DCX）,we observed low level of GLUT3 immunoreactivity in the differentiated neuroblasts of the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus after ***3 immunoreactivity in the sham-operated group was mainly detected in the subgranular zone of the dentate *** results suggest that the increase in GLUT3 immunoreactivity may be a compensatory mechanism to modulate glucose level in the hippocampal CA1 region and to promote adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus.

关键词： nerve regeneration transient forebrain ischemia glucose transporter 3 pyramidal cells astrocytes neuroblasts neural regeneration

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Influence of tannin-rich pine bark supplementation in the grain mixes for meat goats:Growth performance,blood metabolites,and carcass characteristics

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 85-91页

作者： Desnatie Reynolds Byeng Ryel Min Nar Gurung Wendell McElhenney jung hoon Lee Sandra Solaiman Olga Bolden-Tiller Tuskegee University TuskegeeAL36088USA United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service(USDA/ARS) BushlandTX79012USA Department of Agricultural Sciences Fort-Valley State UniversityFort-ValleyGA31030USA

The objective was to evaluate the use of condensed tannin(CT)-rich ground pine bark(PB)in grain mixed diets on meat goat growth performance,blood metabolites,and carcass *** four Kiko crossbred(Capra aegugrus hircus)growing male kids(BW=36.9±2,5 kg)at approximately 8 months of age were assigned randomly to 2 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 4 goats per *** goats were fed grain mixed diets composed of either 30%bermudagrass hay(BGH)plus concentrate(control)or 30%PB plus *** were fed at 1.2%of *** addition,all goats grazed a crabgrass/bermudagrass(CB)-based *** feeding trial lasted for 55 *** ground PB as a supplement did not negatively affect BW,average daily gain(ADG),carcass characteristics,meat pH,and meat color compared to the control *** gamma-glutamyl transferase(P=0.03),glucose(P<0.01)and Ca concentrations(P=0.04)were higher for PB than for BGH,*** 30%PB supplementation does not negatively affect animal performance,blood metabolites,and carcass parameters.

关键词： Pine bark Goats Animal performance Blood metabolites Carcass traits

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Successful recanalization of acute superior mesenteric artery thrombotic occlusion with primary aspiration thrombectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第32期16卷 4112-4114页

作者： Hye Jin Yang Young Kwon Cho Yun Ju Jo Yoon Young jung Seung A Choi Suk hoon Lee Department of Radiology Eulji General HospitalEulji UniversitySeoul 139-711South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Eulji General HospitalEulji UniversitySeoul 139-711South Korea

Prompt revascularization of the superior mesenteric artery(SMA) thrombotic occlusion can prevent intestinal infarction and decrease necrosis of the bowel ***,we describe two cases who underwent successful endovascular recanalization for acute SMA thrombosis using a primary aspiration thrombectomy because of possible consequent laparotomy for survey of bowel *** two patients had dramatic pain reliefimmediately after the procedure and remained symptomfree during the follow-up period.

关键词： Superior mesenteric artery Thrombosis Aspiration thrombectomy

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Pacemaker lead induced cardiac perforation presenting with pneumothorax

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2019年第4期16卷 381-383页

作者： Yeo-Jeong song Sang-hoon Seol Yun-Seok song Seunghwan Kim Dong-Kie Kim Ki-Hun Kim Doo-Il Kim Department of Internal Medicine Inje University College of Medicine Haeundae Paik Hospital

An 87-year-old male with old myocardial infarction was referred to the hospital due to left femur neck fracture and intermittent dizziness. Significant 2:1 atrioventricular block was demonstrated on initial electrocardiogram (Figure 1). Transthoracic echocardiography showed reduced left ventricular function (LVEF = 47%) with regional wall motion abnormality of right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) artery. Coronary angiography showed patent previous proximal RCA and distal LCx stents. Temporary pacemaker was inserted initially and the patient was planned for permanent pacemaker insertion after the surgery.

关键词： Cardiac perforation Lead Pneumothorax

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Production of chitosan-based composite film reinforced with lignin-rich lignocellulose nanofibers from rice husk

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 174-184页

作者： Hye Jee Kang Yeon Ju Lee Jin Kyoung Lee Irnia Nurika Sri Suhartini Deokyeong Choe Dong Hyun Kim hoon Choi Natasha P.Murphy Ho Yong Kim Young hoon jung School of Food Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea CPR S&T Co. Ltd.Gunpo 15880Republic of Korea Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyUniversitas BrawijayaMalang 65145Indonesia Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCO 80401United States Center for Bio-based Chemistry Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44429Republic of Korea

Lignocellulosic nanofibers(LCNFs),implying lignin-containing cellulose fibers,maintain the prop-erties of both lignin and cellulose,which are hydrophobic and hydrophilic,*** pres-ence of hydrophobic lignin in LCNFs is expected to be an economical and attractive option that can improve the thermal and mechanical properties of ***,this study was conducted to produce lignin-rich LCNFs from sugar-rich waste obtained from rice husks after acidic *** LCNFs were produced from the lignin-rich solid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis,which were then incorporated as an additive into a chitosan-based *** variations in lignin content in the range of approximately 50.6%-66.8%in differently obtained LCNFs gave significantly different optical strengths and mechanical *** controllable processes may allow for customized film ***,the glucose-rich liquid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis were used as a substrate for ethanol fermentation to achieve total utilization of rice husk biomass *** conclusion,the lignin-rich biomass fraction holds promise as a suitable material for chitosan-LCNF film and has the potential to increase the economic feasibility of the biomaterial industry.

关键词： Rice husk Lignocellulose nanofiber Lignin-based material Chitosan film Upcycling

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Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after repeated bevacizumab treatment in vitro

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第7期10卷 1064-1068页

作者： Ji Eun Lee Jin Young Kim Jae Ho jung Dong hoon Shin Sung Who Park Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicinePusan National University Medical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital Department of Pathology School of MedicinePusan National University

AIM： To investigate the mechanism underlying the loss of responsiveness to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） treatment after repeated injections for choroidal neovascularization, VEGF and VEGF receptor（VEGFR） expressions were evaluated following repeated bevacizumab treatments in hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVECs） in ***： HUVECs were incubated under hypoxic conditions in two media of different bevacizumab concentrations（1.0 or 2.5 mg/m L） for 17 h, and then in a new medium without bevacizumab for 7h. This procedure was repeated twice more. A culture with an identical volume of excipients served as the control. Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were assessed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and Ki-67 assays, respectively. Levels of VEGF and VEGFR were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot ***： Cytotoxic effects were not reported for either bevacizumab concentration. Cell proliferation was not reduced after anti-VEGF treatments. VEGF level after single treatment was significantly higher than that of the control and after repeated treatments. Phosphorylated VEGFR-2 expression increased significantly after singleand repeated bevacizumab treatments compared with the control. The 1.0 mg/m L bevacizumab induced significantly higher expressions of VEGFR-2 than the 2.5 mg/m L in single and repeated treatment ***： Bevacizumab treatment of HUVECs elevated VEGFR expression in both single and repeated treatments, indicating a mechanism for the reduced efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy in ocular neovascular disorders.

关键词： vascular endothelial growth factor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor choroidal neovascularization bevacizumab repeated treatments

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Monitoring biofouling based on aerobic respiration in reverse osmosis system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 247-256页

作者： Youngjae Yu Keun-Young Park Jaehyun jung Wonjung song Jaehyeok Kim Junhee Ryu Harshad Lade Jihyang Kweon Department of Environmental Engineering Konkuk University Department of Environment and Energy Sejong University Department of Laboratory Medicine Hallym University Medical Center

A monitoring method of biofouling in reverse osmosis(RO) system was proposed based on the fluorescent signal of resorufin, which is reduced by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide released from viable cells during aerobic respiration. The fluorescent signal of resorufin reduced by planktonic cells and microorganisms of biofilm showed linearity, indicating its feasibility to monitor biofouling in a RO system. For the application of the method to the lab-scale RO system, the injection concentration of resazurin and the injection flow rate were optimized. Biofilm on RO membranes continuously operated in a lab-scale RO system was estimated by resorufin fluorescence under optimized detection condition. As a result,resorufin fluorescence on RO membrane showed a significant increase in which the permeability of RO system decreased by 30.48%. Moreover, it represented the development of biofilm as much as conventional biofilm parameters such as adenosine triphosphate,extracellular polymeric substances, and biofilm thickness. The proposed method could be used as a sensitive and low-cost technology to monitor biofouling without autopsy of membranes.

关键词： On-site monitoring Biofilm Aerobic respiration Resazurin reduction mechanism Resorufin fluorescence

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Changes in the metabolome of probiotics during the stationary phase increase resistance to lyophilization

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 487-495页

作者： Hyeon Ji Jeon jungyeon Kim Woo Yeon Seok Gwang-Seob Kim Boyoung Choi Minhye Shin Ju-hoon Lee Younghoon Kim jungwoo Yang Young hoon jung School of Food Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA Ildong Bioscience Pyeongtaek-siGyeonggi-do17957Republic of Korea Department of Microbiology College of MedicineInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology Research Institute of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea

In the probiotics manufacturing process,lyophilization damages the cell membrane of microorganisms,reducing their viability and delaying reactivation of their cellular *** growth phase of microorganisms at the time of lyophilization is thought to significantly affect their viability during storage and reactivation in the ***,no study has systematically investigated the differences in overcoming mechanisms in microorganisms harvested at different growth phases against ***,in this study,we comparatively assessed the resistance mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis *** and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus harvested at exponential and stationary growth *** found that *** *** and *** harvested at the stationary phase had shorter lag phase in growth and higher survival rates during storage than those harvested at the exponential *** a result of metabolome analysis,the cells harvested at the stationary phase accumulated trehalose and arabinose,which function as cryoprotectants and protect cells from lyophilization-induced *** findings could provide a basis for establishing a manufacturing protocol for lyophilized probiotics that can be rapidly reactivated in the intestine to achieve optimal metabolic activity and induce health benefits.

关键词： Probiotics Lyophilization Shelf stability Metabolomics Stress-response molecule

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IL-1β activates p44/42 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases via different pathways in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 716-722页

作者： Tai Sang Lee Hyun Ju song Ji hoon Jeong Young Sil Min Chang Yell Shin Uy Dong Sohn Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 156-756Republic of Korea Research Laboratory Dong-A Pharmaceuticals Co.LtdKyunggidoRepublic of Korea

AIM： To examine the pathway related to the IL-1β induced activation of mitogen-activated protein （MAP） kinases in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. METHODS： Culture of the esophageal smooth muscle cells from cat was prepared. Specific inhibitors were treated before applying the IL-β3. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expressions of COX, iNOS and MAP kinases. RESULTS： In the primary cultured cells, although IL-β3 failed to upregulate the COX and iNOS levels, the levels of the phosphorylated forms of 1344142 HAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase increased in both concentration- and time-dependent manner, of which the level of activation reached a maximum within 3 and 18 h, respectively. The pertussis toxin reduced the level of p44/42 MAP kinase phosphorylation. Tyrphostin 51 and genistein also inhibited this activation. Neomycin decreased the density of the p44/42 HAP kinase band to the basal level. Phosphokinase C （PKC） was found to play a mediating role in the IL-1β-induced p44/42 MAP kinase activity. In contrast, the activation of p38 MAP kinase was inhibited only by a pretreatment with forskolin, and was unaffected by the other compounds. CONCLUSION： Based on these results, IL-1β-induced p44/42 MAP kinase activation is mediated by the Gi protein, tyrosine kinase, phospholipase C （PLC） and PKC. The pathway for p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation is different from that of p44/42 MAP kinase, suggesting that it plays a different role in the cellular response to IL- 1β.

关键词： IL-1β MAP kinase Esophageal smoothmuscle cells

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