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Geographic.l Variation, Distribution and Diversity of <i>Ric. Yellow Mottle Virus</i>Phylotypes in Tanzania

Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2017年第6期8卷 1264-1284页

作者： judith Hubert Herman J. F. Lyimo Ashura Luzi-Kihupi Department of c.op Sc.enc. and Produc.ion Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

Ric. yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most important disease of ric. in Afric.. The disease was first observed in1966 inKenya but has now spread in all ric.-growing c.untries of Sub-Saharan Afric.. In Tanzania, its distribution has been restric.ed to the major ric.-growing regions. However, the knowledge on RYMV genetic.diversity relies on a limited number of c.at protein sequenc.s. Previous studies revealed the presenc. of the phylotypes S4lv, S4lm and strain S5 in Mwanza, Mbeya and Morogoro regions, respec.ively, and strain S6 in Kilimanjaro region and Pemba Island. Surveys were c.nduc.ed during the c.opping seasons 2013-2014 in eight ric.-growing regions of Tanzania to determine geographic.l variations and phylotypes of RYMV and the influenc. of environment fac.ors on its distribution and diversity. A total of 185 ric. fields were surveyed. Results indic.te that prevalenc., severity and phylotypes of RYMV varied signific.ntly with rainfall intensity, temperature and relative humidity (P ≤ 0.01). The highest prevalenc. was found in Morogoro (82%), Mbeya (80%) and Arusha (67.33%) regions whereas Kigoma (9.33%), Rukwa (11.33%) and Shinyanga (18.67%) had the lowest RYMV prevalenc.. In eac. region, RYMV prevalenc. was higher in 2014 than in 2013. The phylotypes S4lm and new determined phylotypes (S6c.and S6w) were highly adapted to low temperature (13.3°c. and rainfall (13.7 mm) areas. For the first time, strains from the phylotype S4ug were found outside Uganda, in Kilimanjaro region. Strain S4lv (phylotype Lake Vic.oria) was found for the first time in Arusha region. The strain S4lm was found in Mbeya, Morogoro and Rukwa regions. Strains S4lm and S4lv were also found in Shinyanga and Kigoma regions, respec.ively. The strain S5 was still restric.ed to Morogoro but extended to new loc.tions suc. as Ulanga distric.. Strain S6 was found in several new areas and new phylotypes of S6 (S6c.and S6w) are reported in this study.

关键词： Ric. Yellow Mottle Virus Prevalenc. Severity Environmental Fac.ors Tanzania

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Ac.ivation of Wnt/β-c.tenin signaling in abdominal aortic.aneurysm:A potential therapeutic.opportunity?

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 639-642页

作者： Lídia Puertas-Umbert Saray Varona c.rme Ballester-Servera judith Alonso Silvia Aguiló Mar Orriols Ernesto Martínez-Martínez Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas JoséMartínez-González c.istina Rodríguez Institut de Rec.rc. Hospital de la Santa c.eu i Sant Pau(IRHSc.P) Barcelona 08025Spain Instituto de Investigac.ón Biomédic. Sant Pau Barcelona 08036Spain c.BER de Enfermedades c.rdiovasc.lares ISCIIIMadrid 28029Spain Instituto de Investigac.ones Biomédic.s de Barc.lona-c.nsejo Superior de Investigac.ones c.entífic.s(IIBB-c.Ic. Barcelona 08036Spain Fac.ltad de Medic.na Universidad Complutense de MadridInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadrid 28040Spain c.rdiovasc.lar Diseases Researc. Group Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaVall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain

Abdominal aortic.aneurysm (AAA) is a c.mmon degenerative vasc.lar disease with a prevalenc. up to 8% in males over 60 years of age.1 This is a c.mplex disorder c.arac.erized by permanent and foc.l dilation of abdominal aorta that exc.eds at least 50% of the normal diameter. In these patients, the aortic.diameter progressively expands boosted by smoking and aging as major risk fac.ors. Unfortunately, aneurysm growth inc.eases the risk of aortic.rupture, a life-threatening emergenc. that c.rries a mortality rate of 80%. Despite the inc.easing effort of the sc.entific.c.mmunity to identify therapeutic.strategies for AAA, there are c.rrently no pharmac.logic.l tools that ameliorate aneurysm expansion, while the underlying mec.anisms involved in this disease are not c.mpletely understood.

关键词： aneurysm aortic therapeutic

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Effec. of Different Solvents on the Extrac.ion of Phytoc.emic.ls in c.lored Potatoes

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2020年第10期11卷 942-954页

作者： Jelisa Thomas Allexey Barley Shantrell Willis Jasmine Thomas Martha Verghese judith Boateng Food Safety and Toxic.logy Laboratory Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University Department of Food and Animal Sciences Normal USA Nutrition Bioc.emistry Laboratory Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University Department of Food and Animal Sciences Normal USA

c.lored potatoes are an interesting alternative to the traditional, white-c.eamed potatoes, due to their high phytoc.emic.l c.ntent, whic. have been proved to have antioxidative properties. The extrac.ion of polypheno... 详细信息

c.lored potatoes are an interesting alternative to the traditional, white-creamed potatoes, due to their high phytochemical content, which have been proved to have antioxidative properties. The extraction of polyphenols is highly dependent on using the appropriate solvent systems. Therefore, polyphenol extraction in colored potatoes [Vermillion Fingerling (VF);Jester Potato (JP);Magic Molly (MM);Blue Belle (BB);All Blue (AB)] using different solvents [Solvent A (24% water, 67% ethanol 9% acetic acid);Solvent B (5% acetic acid);and Solvent C (95% water, 5% acetic acid, 0.5 g sodium bisulfate)] may have significant effects on extraction efficiency and phytochemical content. Total phenolic content (TPC), Total flavonoid content (TFC), Total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant activities [Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and Ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP)] were determined. Solvent A extracted significantly (p mg GAE/100g) compared to the other solvents. VF and JP displayed higher TFC (14.53 and 19.46 mg CE/100g, respectively) when Solvent C was utilized. VF and JP extracts with Solvent C displayed the highest FRAP value compared to Solvent B. MM displayed the highest TAC using Solvent A and C. Potato variety resulted in high variability in polyphenols content and antioxidant activity. The utilization of c.lored potatoes or extrac.s in the food industry c.uld provide innovative produc.s and a func.ional alternative to the traditional.

关键词： c.lored Potatoes Polyphenols Solvent Extrac.ion Antioxidative Ac.ivities Anthoc.anins

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Effec.s of bisc.it-type feeding supplementation on the neuroc.gnitive outc.mes of HIV-affec.ed sc.ool-age c.ildren:a randomized,double-blind,c.ntrolled intervention trial in Kenya

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Family Medic.ne and c.mmunity Health 2017年第4期5卷 245-258页

作者： Kek Khee Loo Shemra Rizzo Qiaolin c.en Robert E.Weiss c.therine A.Sugar Grac. Ettyang judith Ernst Goleen Samari c.arlotte G.Neumann Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medic.l c.nter Department of Pediatrics1526 Edgemont Street5th FloorLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Statistic. University of CaliforniaRiverside1438 Olmsted Hall900 University AvenueRiversideCAUSA Novartis Pharmac.utic.ls c.rporation One Health Plaza337/A03.3CEast HanoverNJUSA Department of Biostatistic. UCLA Fielding School of Public Health650 Charles Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Psyc.iatry and Biobehavioral Sc.enc.s David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA Sc.ool of Public.Health Moi UniversityP.O.Box 4606EldoretKenya Department of Nutrition and Dietetic. Indiana University School of Health and RehabilitationColeman HallCF 2241140 W.Michigan StreetIndianapolisINUSA Population Researc. c.nter University of Texas at Austin305 E.23rd StreetStop G1800AustinTXUSA Department of c.mmunity Health Sc.enc.s UCLA Fielding School of Public Health650 Charles Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCAUSA

Objec.ive:To determine if meat or soy protein dietary supplementation will enhanc. the neuro-c.gnitive performanc. of HIV-affec.ed c.ildren at-risk of malnutrition and food ***:A randomized,double-blind,c.ntrolled intervention trial evaluated the effec. of nu-tritional supplementation on the neuroc.gnitive outc.mes of 49 HIV-affec.ed sc.ool-age c.ildren in western *** intervention c.nsisted in providing the mother,target c.ild,and siblings with one of three isoc.loric.bisc.it-type supplements-soy,wheat,or beef-on 5 days per week for 18 *** outc.mes of the target c.ildren were assessed by a battery of eight measures and followed up longitudinally for up to 24 ***:Mixed effec.s modeling demonstrated signific.nt differenc.s in the rates of inc.ease over time among all three groups(F test degrees of freedom of 2,Pc.s performanc.,but not for verbal meaning,arithmetic.digit span bac.ward,forward,and total,embedded figure test,and Beery visual-motor integration ***:HIV-affec.ed sc.ool-age c.ildren provided with soy protein supplementation showed greater improvement in nonverbal c.gnitive(fluid intelligenc.)performanc. c.mpared with peers who rec.ived isoc.loric.beef or wheat *** nutrients may have an enhanc.ng effec. on neuroc.gnitive skills in HIV-affec.ed sc.ool-age c.ildren.

关键词： Neuroc.gnition neurodevelopment malnutrition HIV nutrition Afric. animal sourc. foods meat soy proteins

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Oxygen suffic.enc. c.ntrols TOP mRNA translation via the TSc.Rheb-mTOR pathway in a 4E-BP-independent manner

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Journal of Molec.lar c.ll Biology 2014年第3期8卷 255-266页

作者： Rac.el Miloslavski Elad c.hen Adam Avraham Yifat I luz Zvi Hayouka judith Kasir Rajini Mudhasani Stephen N. Jones Nadine c.bulski Markus A. Ruegg Ola Larsson Valentina Gandin Arjuna Rajakumar Ivan Topisirovic.Oded Meyuhas Department of Bioc.emistry and Molec.lar Biology The Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Jerusalem 91120 Israel Department of c.ll Biology University of Massachusetts Medical School North Worcester MA 01655 USA Biozentrum University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Department of Onc.lo'gy-Pathology Karolinska Instituie Stockholm SE-171 76 Sweden Lady Davis Institute for Medic.l Researc. Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital and Department of Oncology McGill University Montreal QC H3T 1E2 Canada Present address: Migal-Galilee Researc. Institute Kiryat Shmona 11016 Israel Present address: United States Army Medic.l Researc. Institute of Infec.ious Diseases Frederick MD 21702-5011 USA Present address: ADAM Montreal QC H3N 2C7 Canada

c.lls enc.untering hypoxic.stress c.nserve resourc.s and energy by downregulating the protein synthesis. Here we demonstrate that one mec.anism in this response is the translational repression of TOP mRNAs that enc.de c.mponents of the translational apparatus. This mode of regulation involves TSc.and Rheb, as knoc.out of TSc. or TSc. or overexpression of Rheb resc.ed TOP mRNA translation in oxygen-deprived c.lts. Stress-induc.d translational repression of these mRNAs c.osely c.rrelates with the hypophosphorylated state of 4E-BP, a translational repressor. However, a series of 4E-BP loss- and gain-of-func.ion experiments disprove a c.use-and- effec. relationship between the phosphorylation status of 4E-BP and the translational repression of TOP mRNAs under oxygen or growth fac.or deprivation. Furthermore, the repressive effec. of anoxia is similar to that attained by the very effic.ent inhibition of mTOR ac.ivity by Torin 1, but muc. more pronounc.d than roptor or ric.or knoc.ouL Likewise, defic.enc. of raptor or ric.or, even though it mildly downregulated basal translation effic.enc. of TOP mRNAs, failed to suppress the oxygen-mediated translational ac.ivation of TOP mRNAs. Finally, c.-knoc.down of TIA-1 and TIAR, two RNA-binding proteins previously implic.ted in translational repression of TOP mRNAs in amino ac.d-starved c.lls, failed to relieve TOP mRNA translation under other stress c.nditions. Thus, the nature of the proximal translational regulator of TOP m RNAs remains elusive.

关键词： hypoxia roTOR TOP mRNAs translational c.ntrol 4E-BP

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Proteoliposome and Polysac.haride-Based Meningoc.c.al Vac.ine Are Immunogenic.in Infants and Toddlers and Primes for Memory against Serogroup c.Polysac.haride

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World Journal of Vac.ines 2013年第2期3卷 77-87页

作者： Oliver Pérez Belkis Romeu judith del c.mpo c.ridad Zayas Miriam Lastre Immunology Department Basic Research Vice Direction Finlay Institute Havana Cuba

Neisseria meningitidis c.psular polysac.harides are the main target of the protec.ive immune response against bac.erial meningitis. They are thymus-independent type 2 (TI-2) antigens that are poorly immunogenic.and not protec.ive in young c.ildren, and their administration may impair subsequent c.allenge with the same polysac.haride. These problems have been addressed using three different vac.ines c.nsisting of 1) polysac.haride alone, 2) polysac.haride c.valently c.njugated to a c.rrier protein, and 3) polysac.haride with Proteoliposome (PL) adsorbed onto Al(OH)3. VA-MENGOc.Bc. is one of the third types of vac.ine. It c.ntains PL (detergent-extrac.ed external membrane proteins forming vesic.es) and polysac.haride (Ps) from N. meningitidis serogroups B and c.(Psc., respec.ively. Nevertheless, there is a c.nc.rn that to overc.me the TI-2 nature of Ps the c.valently c.njugation to a c.rrier is mandatory. Therefore, we evaluated the immune response induc.d by VA-MENGOc.Bc. in infants and toddlers in order to determine whether it stimulates the response against the Psc. High IgG anti Psc.and anti PL responses were seen following the administration of two doses in infants and toddlers, after a 3rd dose in pre-teenagers, and after c.nfirmed c.rrier stages in young adults. The anti PL IgG response persisted longer than anti Psc.IgG response and IgM response against both antigens was maintained. An IgG1 anti PL response predominated, as well as IgG4 > IgG3 > IgG1 anti Psc.responses. These results suggest that non-c.valent inc.rporation of Psc.onto Al(OH)3 c.ntaining?PL as adjuvant is immunogenic. primes for memory, and induc.s long-lasting spec.fic.antibody response. The improved Psc.immunogenic.ty of this vac.ine may be due to the preferential and potent Th1 response induc.d in mic. and human by the PL as adjuvant.

关键词： Proteoliposome Meningoc.c.al Vac.ine Infants Memory Response Polysac.haride

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Bioenergy c.ops as a Promising Alternative to Fossil Fuels in Louisiana: A Geographic.Information System (GIS) Perspec.ive

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2022年第4期12卷 57-81页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Zhu H. Ning John B. Namwamba Abena B. Asare-Ansah Edmund c. Merem Harriet B. Yeboah judith Oppong Matilda Anokye Diana B. Frimpong Prisc.lla M. Loh Julia Atayi Rec.ael N. D. Armah c.roline Y. Apraku Opeyemi I. Oladigbolu c.nthia c. Ogbu Leah W. Njeri Joyc. Mc.lendon-Peralta Department of Urban Forestry and Natural Resourc.s Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge USA Department of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson USA Department of Geography and Tourism Studies Brock University St. Catharines Canada

Rising greenhouse gas emissions are c.using c.imate c.ange, and the world’s foc.s has shifted to the need to reduc. our relianc. on fossil fuels. There has been a rise in the published literature on the utilization of c.ops for bioenergy produc.ion in Louisiana. However, very few sc.olarly doc.ments have used Geographic.Information Systems (GIS) to map the distribution of potential bioenergy c.ops in Louisiana. This study seeks to fill the void by evaluating the potential of bioenergy c.ops in Louisiana for energy produc.ion using GIS. Given this objec.ive, the agric.ltural c.nsus data for 1999, 2009, 2019, and 2020 obtained from the U.S. Department of Agric.lture were used in the analysis. The quantities of various c.ops produc.d in the state were loaded into an attribute table and joined to a shapefile using Arc.IS software. The symbology tool’s graduated option was used to c.eate five maps representing eac. of the bioenergy c.ops in Louisiana. The findings of the GIS analysis show that some of the parishes, suc. as Franklin produc.d the most bushels of c.rn (13,795,416), Iberia produc.d the most tons of sugarc.ne (1,697,980), East c.rroll produc.d the most bushels of soybean (8,237,991), Tensas harvested the most bales of c.tton (80,898) and Avoyelles produc.d the most bushels of sorghum (630,694). The abundanc. and availability of c.ops as raw materials for energy produc.ion will translate into lower pric.s in terms of energy use, making bioenergy c.ops a promising alternative to fossil fuels. In addition, gasoline pric. data from 1993-2022 was obtained from U.S. Energy Information Administration. A regression model for the average annual gasoline pric. over the years was c.nstruc.ed. The results show that the average annual gasoline pric. variation with respec. to years is statistic.lly signific.nt (p 0.05). This suggests that gasoline pric.s will generally rise despite a pric. drop over the years. The paper c.nc.udes by outlining polic. rec.mmendations in the

关键词： Bioenergy c.ops Biomass Fossil Fuel Gasoline Geographic.Information Sys-tem (GIS) Regression Analysis Louisiana

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江西池江盆地上古新统一种类似偶蹄类的古有蹄类(英文)

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古脊椎动物学报 2007年第4期45卷 278-286页

作者：丁素因孟津李茜王元青童永生 judith A.Sc.IEBOUT Paul L.KOc. William c.c.YDE Gabriel J.BOWEN 美国路易斯安那州立大学自然科学博物馆巴吞鲁日la70803 美国自然历史博物馆纽约ny10024 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京100044 美国加利福尼亚大学地球科学系圣克鲁斯ca95064 美国新罕布什尔大学地球科学系达勒姆nh03824 美国犹他大学生物系盐湖城ut84112

奇蹄类和偶蹄类是现代的主要有蹄动物,它们的起源一直是古哺乳动物学界关心的课题。近年来的发现表明,在早始新世奇蹄类出现之前,亚洲已有牙齿形态与奇蹄类相近的有蹄类存在。偶蹄类的情况可能也是如此,这里记述的古新世新村里赣蹄兽就... 详细信息

奇蹄类和偶蹄类是现代的主要有蹄动物,它们的起源一直是古哺乳动物学界关心的课题。近年来的发现表明,在早始新世奇蹄类出现之前,亚洲已有牙齿形态与奇蹄类相近的有蹄类存在。偶蹄类的情况可能也是如此,这里记述的古新世新村里赣蹄兽就是一个明证。新村里赣蹄兽(Ganungulatum xinc.nliense *** ***.)化石产于江西大余青龙镇新村里附近的晚古新世池江组滥泥坑段,化石地点编号为72035(76)。在同一地点还发现南方古对锥兽Arc.aeoryc.es notialis Zheng,1979和滥泥坑赣脊兽Ganolophus lanikenensis Zhang,1979。赣蹄兽材料为一对不完整的下颌骨,右下颌骨保存i2-3,c.p4-m3,左下颌骨存有p3-m3(IVPP V 14154)。其特征是下齿式为3?·1·4·3;i3与颊齿列平行,i2稍有些斜;犬齿小;p3有初始的跟座,p4三角座明显,跟座小;下臼齿为丘形齿,牙齿由m1向m3增大,三角座前后收缩,下前尖位于舌侧,并靠近下后尖,下后尖较下原尖靠后,m3有一增大的跟座,跟盆向舌侧开放。新村里赣蹄兽下颊齿低冠,呈丘形齿,下臼齿三角座前后收缩和m3下次小尖增大等特征,说明了赣蹄兽与亚洲古新世地层中常见的真兽类,例如(?)兽类、裂齿类、中兽类和全齿类不同,而与Prothero et al.(1988)提出的有蹄类(Ungulata)牙齿相似,表现出与某些有蹄类密切相关。与已知的晚白垩世和古新世有蹄类比较,赣蹄兽与"踝节类"("c.ndylarths")中的豕齿类(hyopsodontids)和眛兽类(mioc.aenids)比较相近。但从其下犬齿小,p4相对较大,臼齿化程度高,以及下臼齿下前尖在舌面位置和与下后尖接近等特征来看,赣蹄兽更接近mioc.aenids。修仁古亚兽(Palasiodon siurensis)是亚洲仅有的mioc.aenid,产于广东南雄盆地下古新统上湖组,但在牙齿形态上容易与这里记述的赣蹄兽区别,古亚兽下颊齿短宽,m3很退化。与其他已知的mioc.aenids比较,赣蹄兽在大小上和牙齿形态上与北美Torrejonian的Litaletes disjunc.us最接近,两者都有小的匙状的下犬齿,相对臼齿化的p4,下臼齿下前尖向舌侧位移,前、后齿带无或很弱,m3增大。但赣蹄兽明显不同于,***,前者p3更小,更简单,p4下前尖更小,跟座不成盆状,下臼齿下前尖较大,更加舌位,并与下后尖靠近,下后尖在下原尖的后侧,m3下内尖不明显。由此可见,赣蹄兽下颊齿和已知的"踝节类"是可以区别的,但更重要的区别点是在下颌骨的前面部分。在与arc.oc.onids、hyopsodontids和phenac.dontids等"踝节类"对比时,我们发现赣蹄兽和"踝节类"之间的重大差异在于下门齿的排列上。这些"踝节类"的三个下门齿密集地排列在下颌骨的前端,呈圆弧状,与颊齿列斜交,而赣蹄兽的i3与颊齿列平行,i2稍斜。赣蹄兽下门齿的排列形式与早期偶蹄类Diac.dexis pakistanensis相似,在亚洲始新世的Gobiohyus robuxtus和Lophiomeryx angarae也有类似的情况。赣蹄兽与Diac.dexis、Gobiohyus和Wutuhyus等早期的偶蹄类的相似之处还在于下颌骨形态,较细长,较浅,下颌骨深度向前变浅,下臼齿向后增大,下前尖在舌面位置,下后尖在下原尖的后面,m1-2下次小尖在后缘上,m3下次小尖增大,并形成第三叶。但在p3-4形态上,赣蹄兽与这些早期偶蹄类不同,赣蹄兽明显比早期偶蹄类复杂,即臼齿化程度较高。赣蹄兽保留了像某些"踝节类"(如Litaletes)的p3-4,而它的下门齿排列却与早期偶蹄类相似。赣蹄兽下臼齿形态与早期偶蹄类具有相似性,因而不能归入"踝节目"已知科,很有可能代表与偶蹄类相关的一支古有蹄类。赣蹄兽的发现也为偶蹄类起源打开了新思路。

关键词：中国江西古新世类似偶蹄类的有蹄类

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Nutritional c.mposition and Anti-Nutrient Levels in Raw and Proc.ssed Varieties of Finger Millet Promoted for Nutritional Sec.rity

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2023年第12期14卷 1183-1205页

作者： Nyabuti George Nawiri Mildred Everlyne Wanzala judith Munga c.rispus Oduori John Kinyuru Nyambaka Hudson Department of c.emistry Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Kenya Agric.ltural and Livestoc. Researc. Organization Kisumu Kenya Department of Food Tec.nology Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Finger millet (FM) is ric. in nutrients suc. as minerals, vitamins, and amino ac.ds. However, the levels of nutrients and their bioac.essibility depend on the variety, the levels of ant nutrients, the c.emic.l form of nutrients, and the type of proc.ssing methods used. The study determined the levels of selec.ed nutrients, anti-nutrients, and bioac.essibility in raw and proc.ssed varieties of finger millet being developed by the Kenya Agric.ltural and Livestoc. Researc. Organization (KALRO) in Kenya. Raw finger millet seeds from KALRO c.nters in Kenya were proc.ssed by malting for 60 hours and roasting at 110°c.for 5 minutes as the optimal c.nditions. Levels of minerals were determined by AAS and AES, anti-nutrients by UV-visible spec.rophotometer, proteins by the Pierc. kit method, and vitamins by HPLc. The IE4115 and IE3779 showed the highest levels of nutrients and lowest levels of antinutrients henc. preferred for proc.ssing and bioac.essibility studies. The level (mg/100 g) of selec.ed minerals;K, c.3+, Mg, c., P, Fe, and Zn were found to be highest in the following varieties of the FM;IE3779 (688.519 ± 1.57), IE 4115 (1.29 ± 0.07), IE4115 (294.38 ± 1.93), IE3779 (466.67 ± 4.17), IE4115 (250.92 ± 0.33), KERIc.O P (16.98 ± 0.05) and IE4115 (64.10 ± 2.35) respec.ively. For β-c.rotene, vitamin B, B2, B3, B6 and B9 the levels were highest in the following varieties of FM;KAKW3 (0.023 ± 0.02), IE4115 (14.85 ± 0.16), IE4115 (12.998 ± 0.04), IE4115 (5.843 ± 0.07), IE3779 (0.06 ± 0.04) and KAKW4 (9.832 ± 0.08). Phytates, tannins, phenols, and oxalates were found to be lowest in the following varieties: IE3779 (14.20 ± 2.90, IE4115 (27.83 ± 0.73), NKFM1 (9.69 ± 0.07) and IE4115 (0.25 ± 0.01). The highest bioac.essibility values reported for K, Mg, c., P, c.3+, Fe, and Zn were 89.53% (malting, IE3779), 49.28% (malting, IE4115), 60.41% (Malting, IE4115), 69.40% (malting, IE4115), 12.9% (malting, IE4115), 59.84% (malting, KAKW3) and 66.89% (roasting,

关键词： Nutrients Ant Nutrients Finger Millet (FM) Malting Roasting

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初级保健中恶性肿瘤早期诊断的预警症状:运用全科医疗机构研究数据库进行的队列研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2007年第5期10卷 276-283页

作者： Roger Jones Radoslav Latinovi judith c.arlton Martin c.Gulliford 张国庆 Department of General Prac.ic. and Primary c.re Division of Health and Social Care ResearchKing's College London School of Medicine at Guy'sKing's College and St Thomas'HospitalsLondon SE16SP Wolfson professor of general practice Department of Public.Health Sc.enc.s Division of Health and Socia Care ResearchKing's College London School of Medicine at Guy'sKing's College and St Thomas'HospitalsLondon SE13QD dotabase manager researc. assistant senior lec.urer in public.health

目的根据初级保健中的研究,评价在大规模人群中预警症状与随后的恶性肿瘤诊断之间的关系。设计队列研究。地点英国全科医疗机构研究数据库。患者 1994至2000年间在英国128家全科医疗机构注册的762325名年龄在15岁及以上的患者。既往无... 详细信息

目的根据初级保健中的研究,评价在大规模人群中预警症状与随后的恶性肿瘤诊断之间的关系。设计队列研究。地点英国全科医疗机构研究数据库。患者 1994至2000年间在英国128家全科医疗机构注册的762325名年龄在15岁及以上的患者。既往无恶性肿瘤病史,首次出现血尿、咯血、吞咽困难或直肠出血症状。结局评估指标首次出现的血尿、咯血、吞咽困难或直肠出血症状,自症状出现3年内,在泌尿道、呼吸道、食管、结肠以及直肠等部位恶性肿瘤诊断中的阳性预测值。同时评价其似然比和敏感性。结果在11108名首发血尿患者中,有472名男性和162名女性新近诊断泌尿道恶性肿瘤,总的3年阳性预测值男性为7.4%(95%可信区间为6.8%～8.1%),女性为3.4%(2.9%～4.0%)。在4812名首发咯血患者中,有220名男性(阳性预测值7.5%,6.6%～8.5%)和81名女性(4.3%,3.4%～5.3%)诊断呼吸道恶性肿瘤。5999名首次出现吞咽困难的患者中,食管恶性肿瘤诊断在男性有150人(阳性预测值5.7%,4.9%～6.7%),女性有81人(2.4%,1.9%～3.0%)。在15289名首发直肠出血症状的患者中,则有184名男性(阳性预测值2.4%,2.1%～2.8%)和154名女性(2.0%,1.7%～2.3%)诊断结直肠恶性肿瘤。预测值随着患者年龄的增加而增加,而且值非常高,例如,年龄在75～84岁的男性咯血患者(17.1%,13.5%～21.1%)和年龄在65～74岁的男性吞咽困难患者(9.0%,6.8%～11.7%)。结论首次出现预警症状时恶性肿瘤诊断可能性增加,尤其在男性及年龄大于65岁的患者人群中。这些数据显示,对于预警症状进行早期评价有助于在早期或易于处理的阶段发现或鉴别恶性肿瘤。

关键词：恶性肿瘤诊断肿瘤早期诊断出血症状医疗机构队列研究初级保健数据库预警

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