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Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjam.n m.Knight Connor m.Gautam.Colton R.Stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph R.Sm.th Chris m.Orban juan J.m.nfredi Kyle D.Frische m.chael L.Dexter Enam.A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Departm.nt of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Departm.nt Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm.(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system.produces deuterium.deuterium.D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a m.asurem.nt suite with three independent detection system.: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrim.nation, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Tim.-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 m.V. Particle-in-cell sim.lations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from.D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-dem.nd test bed for radiation hardening and im.ging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasm. interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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Prom.tion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition m.m.ry deficits in aging and Alzheim.r's disease rodents

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene navarro-Lobato m.riam.m.sm.di-m.rtín m.nuel F.López-Aranda juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Rom.ro m.rta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas m.ría E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Departm.nt of m.dicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biom.dica en Red de Enferm.dades neurodegenerativas(CIBERnED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain m.tastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Departm.nt of neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

m.m.ry deficit,which is often associated with aging and m.ny psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatm.nt with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream.and the m.dial tem.oral lobe,which is crucial for object recognition m.m.ry(ORm.,can induce enhancem.nt of *** this study,we dem.nstrated that the sam. treatm.nt with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheim.r s disease,produced longlasting enhancem.nt of ORm.in young anim.ls and prevent ORm.deficits in rodent m.dels of aging and Alzheim.r’s ***,we found that the prevention of m.m.ry deficits was m.diated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDnF).A knockdown of BDnF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheim.r s disease m.del m.ce caused com.lete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORm.*** findings suggest that BDnF-m.diated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of m.m.ry deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent m.dels of aging and Alzheim.r’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-m.diated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatm.nt of m.m.ry deficits.

关键词： behavioral perform.nce brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic m.m.ry m.m.ry circuit activation m.m.ry deficits m.m.ry enhancem.nt object recognition m.m.ry prevention of m.m.ry loss regulator of G protein signaling

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Accuracy of tree m.pping based on hand-held laser scanning com.aring leaf-on and leaf-off conditions in m.xed forests

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JOURnAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH 2024年第1期35卷 1-12页

作者： Tupinam.a-Sim.es, Frederico Pascual, Adrian Guerra-Hernandez, juan Ordonez, Cristobal de Conto, Tiago Bravo, Felipe Univ Valladolid Sustainable Forest Management Res Inst IuFOR Valladolid Spain InIA Valladolid Spain Univ m.ryland Dept Geog Sci College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Lisbon Forest Res Ctr Sch Agr P-1349017 Lisbon Portugal

The use of m.bile laser scanning to survey forest ecosystem. is a prom.sing, scalable technology to describe forest 3D structures at high resolution. To confirm.the consistency in the retrieval of forest structural param.ters using hand-held laser scanning (HLS), before operationalizing the m.thod, confirm.ng the data is crucial. We analyzed the perform.nce of tree-level m.pping based on HLS under different phenology conditions on a m.xed forest in western Spain com.rising Pinus pinaster and two deciduous species, Alnus glutinosa and Quercus pyrenaica. The area was surveyed twice during the growing season (July 2022) and once in the deciduous season (February 2022) using several scanning paths. Ground reference data (418 trees, 15 snags) was used to calibrate the HLS data and to assess the influence of phenology when converting 3D data into tree-level attributes (DBH, height and volum.). The HLS-based workflow was robust at isolating tree positions and recognizing stem. despite changes in phenology. ninety-six percent of all pairs m.tched below 65 cm. For DBH, phenology barely altered estim.tes. We observed a strong agreem.nt when com.aring HLS-based tree height distributions. The values exceeded 2 m.when com.aring height m.asurem.nts, confirm.ng height data should be carefully used as reference in rem.te sensing-based inventories, especially for deciduous species. Tree volum. was m.re precise for pines (r = 0.95, and relative Rm.E = 21.3 -23.8%) com.ared to deciduous species (r = 0.91 -0.96, and relative Rm.E = 27.3-30.5%). HLS data and the forest structural com.lexity tool perform.d rem.rkably, especially in tree positioning considering m.xed forests and m.xed phenology conditions.

关键词： Precision forestry Forest m.nitoring m.bile laser scanning Forest inventory STRUCTURAL COm.LEXITY TERRESTRIAL InVEnTORY LIDAR DEFInITIOn

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Core-shell design of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) configured with EDTA-assisted washing for rapid adsorption and sim.le recovery of heavy m.tal pollutants from.soil

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 556-568页

作者： Xi Wang Asif Hussain Qingqing Li m.ngyu m. juan Wu m.ngqiang Deng Jie Yang Dengxin Li Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Science Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and Technology75300 KarachiPakistan Shanghai Academ. of Environm.ntal Sciences Shanghai 200233China

The coupling of washing with adsorption process can be adopted for the treatm.nt of soils contam.nated with heavy m.tals ***,the com.lex environm.nt of soil and the com.etitive behavior of leaching chem.cals considerably restrain adsorption capacity of adsorbent m.terial during washing process,which dem.nds a higher resistance of the adsorbents to *** this study,we synthesized strongly m.gnetic,high specific surface area(573.49 m.(2)/g)UiO66 com.osites(i.e.,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4))using hydrotherm.l *** UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) was applied as an adsorbent during the ethylene diam.ne tetraacetic acid(EDTA)-assisted washing process of contam.nated *** incorporation of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)results in rapid heavy m.tal rem.val and recovery from.the soil under low concentrations of washing agent(0.001 m.l/L)with reduced residual heavy m.tal m.bility of soil after ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)can quickly recollect by an external m.gnet,which offers a sim.le and inexpensive recovery m.thod for heavy m.tals from.contam.nated ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)configuration with EDTA-assisted washing process showed opportunities for heavy m.tals contam.nated sites.

关键词： UiO66 com.osites m.tal-EDTA com.lexes EDTA-assisted washing Heavy m.tals recovery Soil

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Perspective and challenges of m.corrhizal sym.iosis in orchid m.dicinal plants

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Chinese Herbal m.dicines 2024年第2期16卷 172-179页

作者： Chunyan Leng m.ngyan Hou Yongm.i Xing juan Chen Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal m.dicine Ministry of EducationInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

The fam.ly Orchidaceae is of the m.st diverse taxon in the plant kingdom.and m.st of its m.m.ers are highly valuable herbal *** have a unique m.corrhizal sym.iotic relationship with specific fungi for carbohydrate and nutrient supplies in their whole *** large-scale cultivation of the m.dicinal plant Gastodia elata is a successful exam.le of using m.corrhizal sym.iotic *** this review,we adopted *** and Dendrobium.officinale as exam.les to describe the characteristics of orchid m.corrhiza and m.corrhizal benefits for host plants’growth and health(*** and abiotic stress and secondary m.tabolite accum.lation).The challenges in applying m.corrhizal technology to the cultivation of orchid m.dicinal plants in the future were also *** review aim. to serve as a theoretical guide for the cultivation of m.corrhizal technology in m.dicinal orchid plants.

关键词： Dendrobium.officinale Kim.ra&m.go ecological cultivation Gastodia elata Blum. m.corrhiza orchid m.dicinal plants sym.iosis m.chanism.

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Eosinophils prom.te CD8+ T cell m.m.ry generation to potentiate anti-bacterial im.unity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1230-1243页

作者： Jun Zhou Jiaqi Liu Bingjing Wang nan Li juan Liu Yanm.i Han Xuetao Cao Institute of Im.unology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China national Key Laboratory of Im.unity and Inflam.ation Institute of ImmunologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Departm.nt of Im.unology Center for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Institute of Im.unology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

m.m.ry CD8+T cell generation is crucial for pathogen elim.nation and effective vaccination against *** cellular and m.lecular circuitry that underlies the generation of m.m.ry CD8+T cells rem.ins *** can m.dulate inflam.atory allergic responses and interact with lym.hocytes to regulate their functions in im.une *** we report that eosinophils are required for the generation of m.m.ry CD8+T cells by inhibiting CD8+T cell ***-deficient m.ce display significantly im.aired m.m.ry CD8+T cell response and weakened resistance against Listeria m.nocytogenes(L.m.)***,eosinophils secrete interleukin-4(IL-4)to inhibit JnK/Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of CD8+T cells upon *** in ***,active eosinophils are recruited into the spleen and secrete m.re IL-4 to suppress CD8+T cell apoptosis during early stage of *** in *** transfer of wild-type(WT)eosinophils but not IL-4-deficient eosinophils into eosinophil-deficient m.ce could rescue the im.aired CD8+T cell m.m.ry ***,our findings suggest that eosinophil-derived IL-4 prom.tes the generation of CD8+T cell m.m.ry and enhances im.une defense against *** study reveals a new adjuvant role of eosinophils in m.m.ry T cell generation and provides clues for enhancing the vaccine potency via targeting eosinophils and related cytokines.

关键词： im.aired im.unity spleen

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Progress on gas-solid phase photoreactor and its application in CO2 reduction

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Green Chem.cal Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 290-306页

作者： Litian Liu Yunlong Li Jialun He Qing Wang juan Deng Xiao Chen Chao Yu School of Environm.ntal and Chem.cal Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology

The burgeoning field of photocatalytic reduction of CO2has em.rged as a rem.rkable prom.sing solution to address som. of the m.st pressing global energy and environm.ntal issues which we face today. Researchers around the global have been striving to augm.nt the efficiency of CO2photocatalytic reduction, em.loying strategies that range from.m.difying the fundam.ntal properties of photocatalysts to suppress the electron-hole recom.ination, optim.zing reaction conditions to achieve the highest yield, and conceptualizing and constructing photoreactors to im.rove the adsorption process. Am.ng these factors, the photoreactor plays a critical role in enhancing the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Understanding the various types of photoreactors and their operational dynam.c can significantly influence the experim.ntal design, thus guiding the data collecting and analysis. Com.ared to the solid-liquid phase, gas-solid phase photocatalytic reduction of CO2is gaining recognition for its potential advantages, such as rapid m.lecular diffusion rates, adjustable CO2concentrations, and uniform.and sufficient light exposure. nonetheless, the currently reported gas-solid phase photoreactors are still in their infancy. In this review, we dissect the underlying m.chanism.of photocatalytic CO2reduction and the perform.nce evaluation criteria of photoreactors, and review the developm.nt process of gas-solid phase photoreactors. Furtherm.re, we explore the evolution of gas-solid phase photoreactors, elucidating their growth trajectory and future possibilities. We present a com.rehensive classification of gas-solid phase photoreactors,offering a new insight into their design and functionality, sum.arizing their strengths and inevitable ***, we provide a forward-looking perspective on the future developm.ntal prospects of carbon neutrality.

关键词： Photoreactor Gas-solid phase Carbon dioxide reduction Photocatalysis

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Current challenges in the treatm.nt of gliom.s:The m.lecular era

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第8期15卷 982-986页

作者： Castalia Fernández juan Zafra-m.rtín Felipe Couñago Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare MadridMadrid 28043Spain Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Vithas La MilagrosaGenesisCareMadrid 28010Spain Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario San Francisco de AsísGenesisCareMadrid 28002Spain Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMálaga 29010Spain

Gliom.s originate from.glial cells in the central nervous *** 80%-85%of m.lignant brain tum.rs in adults are *** m.st com.on central nervous system.tum.r in children is low-grade pediatric *** was determ.ned by histological features until 2016 when the World Health Organization classification integrated m.lecular data with anatom.pathological inform.tion to achieve a m.re integral *** characterization has led to better diagnostic and prognostic staging,which in turn has increased the precision of *** efforts are focused on m.re effective therapies to prolong survival and im.rove the quality of life of adult and pediatric patients with ***,im.rovem.nts in survival have been ***,clinical guidelines,as well as the article by m.ham.d et al accom.anying this editorial piece,are adapting treatm.nt recom.endations(surgery,chem.therapy,and radiotherapy)according to diagnosis and prognosis guided by m.lecular ***,this paves the way for the design of clinical trials with new therapies,which is especially im.ortant in pediatric gliom.s.

关键词： Gliom.s Chem.therapy Radiotherapy Isocitrate dehydrogenase-type m.tant Pediatric gliom.s Astrocytom. Oligodendrogliom. 1p/19q-codeleted

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Evaluation of Well Spacing for Prim.ry Developm.nt of Fractured Horizontal Wells in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

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Fluid Dynam.cs & m.terials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 1015-1030页

作者： Fang Li juan Wu Haiyong Yi Lihong Wu Lingyun Du Yuan Zeng Exploration and Developm.nt Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610041China Oil and Gas Resources Departm.nt PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610000China

m.thods for horizontal well spacing calculation in tight gas reservoirs are still adversely affected by the com.lexity of related control factors,such as strong reservoir heterogeneity and seepage *** this study,the stress sensitivity and threshold pressure gradient of various types of reservoirs are quantitatively evaluated through reservoir seepage *** the basis of these experim.nts,a num.rical sim.lation m.del(based on the special seepage m.chanism.and an inverse dynam.c reserve algorithm.with different equivalent drainage areas)were *** well spacing ranges of Classes I,II,and III wells in the Q gas field are determ.ned to be 802–1,000,600–662,and 285–400 m.respectively,with their average ranges as 901,631,and 342.5 m.*** considering both the pairs of parallel well groups and series well groups as exam.les,the reliability of the calculation results is *** is shown that the com.ination of the two m.dels can reduce errors and provide accurate results.

关键词： Well spacing for prim.ry developm.nt tight gas reservoir fractured horizontal well threshold pressure gradient stress sensitivity

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nutritional com.etition within tum.r m.croenvironm.nt dictates anti-tum.r im.unity

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 98-100页

作者： Yankang Fei Xuetao Cao juan Liu national Key Laboratory of Im.unity and Inflam.ation Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Departm.nt of Im.unology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Im.unology College of Life Sciences Nankai University

The crosstalk between m.tabolism.and im.unity has em.rged as an essential regulator of tum.r im.une escape, and targeting im.unom.tabolic pathways holds great potential for cancer im.unotherapy [1]. Abnorm.l m.tabolic...

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