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Bacterial biota in reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第46期11卷 7277-7283页

作者： Zhiheng Pei Liying Yang Richard m Peek jr steven m levine David T Pride martin J Blaser Departments of Pathology and medicine New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 the United States of America and Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Health System New York NY 10010United States Department of Pathology New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 United States jr Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN 37212United States Department of medicine New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 United States Departments of medicine and microbiology New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016United States Departments of medicine and microbiology New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016the United States of America and Department of Veterans AffairsNew York Harbor Health System New York NY 10010 United States

AIm： To identify the bacterial flora in conditions such as Barrett＇s esophagus and reflux esophagitis to determine if they are similar to normal esophageal flora. mETHODS： Using broad-range 16S rDNA PCR, esophageal biopsies were examined from 24 patients [9 with normal esophageal mucosa, 12 with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD）, and 3 with Barrett＇s esophagus]. Two separate broad-range PCR reactions were performed for each patient, and the resulting products were cloned. In one patient with Barrett＇s esophagus, 99 PCR clones were analyzed. RESULTS： Two separate clones were recovered from each patient （total = 48）, representing 24 different species, with 14 species homologous to known bacteria, 5 homologous to unidentified bacteria, and 5 were not homologous （〈97% identity） to any known bacterial 16S rDNA sequences. Seventeen species were found in the reflux esophagitis patients, 5 in the Barrett＇s esophagus patients, and 10 in normal esophagus patients. Further analysis concentrating on a single biopsy from an individual with Barrett＇s esophagus revealed the presence of 21 distinct bacterial species. members of four phyla were represented, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. microscopic examination of each biopsy demonstrated bacteria in intimate association with the distal esophageal epithelium, suggesting that the presence of these bacteria is not transitory. CONCLUSION： These findings provide evidence for a complex, residential bacterial population in esophageal reflux-related disorders. While much of this biota is present in the normal esophagus, more detailed comparisons may help identify potential disease associations.

关键词： Bacterial biota Esophagus 16S rDNA PCR

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Phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer： role of ntrinsically disordered proteins

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 704-710页

作者： steven m mooney mohit Kumar Jolly Herbert levine Prakash Kulkarni Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Center for Theoretical Biological Physics Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research University of Maryland Rockville Maryland 20850 USA

A striking characteristic of cancer ceLls is their remarkable phenotypic plasticity, which is the ability to switch states or phenotypes in response to environmental fluctuations. Phenotypic changes such as a partial or complete epithelial to mesenchymal transition （EmT） that play important roles in their survival and proliferation, and development of resistance to therapeutic treatments, are widely believed to arise due to somatic mutations in the genome. However, there is a growing concern that such a deterministic view is not entirely consistent with multiple lines of evidence, which indicate that stochasticity may also play an important role in driving phenotypic plasticity. Here, we discuss how stochasticity in protein interaction networks （PINs） may play a key role in determining phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer （PCa）. Specifically, we point out that the key players driving transitions among different phenotypes （epithelial, mesenchymal, and hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal）, including ZEB1, SNAIl, OVOL1, and OVOL2, are intrinsically disordered proteins （IDPs） and discuss how plasticity at the molecular level may contribute to stochasticity in phenotypic switching by rewiring PINs. We conclude by suggesting that targeting iDPs implicated in EmT in PCa may be a new strategy to gain additional insights and develop novel treatments for this disease, which is the most common form of cancer in adult men.

关键词： epithelial to mesenchymal transition intrinsically disordered proteins prostate cancer state-switching

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Development of a building information model-guided post-earthquake building inspection framework using 3D synthetic environments

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第2期22卷 279-307页

作者： Nathaniel m.levine Yasutaka Narazaki Billie F.Spencer Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China

Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building *** methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected ***,assessing the damage′s impact on structural safety requires localizing damage to specific building components with known design and *** paper proposes a BIm-based automated inspection framework to provide context for visual surveys.A deep learning-based semantic segmentation algorithm is trained to automatically identify damage in *** BIm automatically associates any identified damage with specific building ***,components are classified into damage states consistent with component fragility models for integration with a structural *** demonstrate the framework,methods are developed to photorealistically simulate severe structural damage in a synthetic computer graphics environment.A graphics model of a real building in Urbana,Illinois,is generated to test the framework;the model is integrated with a structural analysis to apply earthquake damage in a physically realistic manner.A simulated UAV survey is flown of the graphics model and the framework is *** method achieves high accuracy in assigning damage states to visible structural *** assignment enables integration with a performance-based earthquake assessment to classify building safety.

关键词： computer vision earthquake engineering building information model physics-based graphics model synthetic environment

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Surgical solutions to the problem of massive weight loss

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6602-6607页

作者： Jason A Spector steven m levine Nolan S Karp Division of Plastic Surgery Weill medicine College of Cornell University New YorkNY 10021United States Institute of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Division of Plastic SurgeryNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

In response to the global rise in obesity, bariatric surgery has become increasingly more popular and successful As a result, the demand for body contouring following massive weight loss is rapidly growing. Although bariatric procedures may produce impressive weight loss, people who achieve massive weight loss are often unhappy with the hanging folds of skin and subcutaneous tissue that remain. This review examines the nature of the post-bariatric deformity in each body region and briefly reviews common approaches to their treatment.

关键词： Weight loss Bariatric surgery Body contour surgery

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Wedge and needle liver biopsies show discordant histopathology in morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

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Gastroenterology Report 2013年第1期1卷 51-57页

作者： Sekou R.Rawlins Cynthia m.mullen Howard m.Simon Taewan Kim steven K.Landas marguerite S.Walser Robert A.levine Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineState University of New York(SUNY)Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA Associates in Gastroenterology RockvilleMDUSA Department of Surgery SUNYUpstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA Department of Pathology SUNYUpstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Background:Controversy exists over whether or not single-needle liver biopsies are sufficient to compare histological parameters in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver ***:To identify sampling variability,we biopsied four liver specimens per patient,based on biopsy size(needle vs wedge)and location(left vs right lobe),immediately prior to bariatric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ***:Ten prospectively enrolled,morbidly obese patients underwent 40 laparoscopy-guided biopsies;two needle and two wedge from each of 16 left and 16 right liver *** Kappa coefficient for concordance compared histological parameters from left and right lobe needle-and wedge *** biopsies were considered our‘Gold Standard’.Results:Each patient had two wedge-and two needle liver *** concordance between all needle and wedge biopsies from right and left lobes showed ***-and needle liver biopsies from contralateral lobes had higher concordance with each other,compared to ipsilateral needle/wedge biopsy *** wedge pairs had higher concordance than contralateral needle/needle *** were no biopsy ***:Wedge biopsy pairs had the best Kappa concordance but contralateral needle/needle biopsy pairs had good Kappa *** were no complications from the 40 needle-and wedge liver biopsies,confirming the safety of laporoscopic multi-biopsy in both liver lobes.

关键词： gastric bypass liver biopsy steatosis fibrosis image analysis

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Auditing & assurance services : 4th ed.

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2006年

作者： William F. messier jr. steven m. Glover Douglas

Online instructional tools are available to supplement the text.

ISBN: (数字)0072946237

ISBN: (纸本)0072946237

Online instructional tools are available to supplement the text.

关键词： Auditing.

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A phase 1b randomized clinical trial of CT1812 to measure Aβoligomer displacement in Alzheimer’s disease using an indwelling CSF catheter

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 568-571页

作者： Kelsie m.LaBarbera Yvette I.Sheline Nicholas J.Izzo Carla m.Yuede Lora Waybright Raymond Yurko Hannah m.Edwards Woodrow D.Gardiner Kaj Blennow Henrik Zetterberg Anne Börjesson-Hanson Roger morgan Charles S.Davis Robert J.Guttendorf Lon S.Schneider steven DeKosky Harry levine III michael Grundman Anthony O.Caggiano John R.Cirrito Susan m.Catalano mary E.Hamby Cognition Therapeutics Inc. PittsburghPAUSA University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaUSA Washington University St.LouisUSA University of Gothenburg MölndalSweden Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of NeurologyQueen SquareLondonUK UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL LondonUK Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Clear Water BayHong KongChina Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Karolinska University Hospital StockholmSweden medSurgPI LLCRaleighNCUSA CSD Biostatistics Inc.Oro ValleyAZUSA Aclairo Pharmaceutical Development Group IncViennaVAUSA Keck School of medicine of USC Los AngelesCAUSA mcKnight Brain Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Global R&D Partners LLCSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Neurosciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoUSA

Trial Registration:may 11th,2018 *** Identifier:NCT03522129 https://clini caltr ***/ct2/show/*** therapies for Alzheimer’s disease(AD)target a wide range of mechanisms,yet promising dis-ease-modifying therapies remain a huge unmet *** evidence indicates that the oligomeric form of amyloid-beta(Aβ)is a toxic species contributing to AD through synaptic damage and neuronal toxicity[1].

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ damage

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Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher michael J.Lamonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor m.Simonsick steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(mL),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several mL VO_(2max)prediction ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVm)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** mL can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology mortality

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Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani masahiro Ishikawa Yugo morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward m. Schwarz Gowrishankar muthukrishnan Center for musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(mENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel

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Leakage pressures for gasketless superhydrophobic fluid interconnects for modular lab-on-a-chip systems

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 213-226页

作者： Christopher R.Brown Xiaoxiao Zhao Taehyun Park Pin-Chuan Chen Byoung Hee You Daniel S.Park steven A.Soper Alison Baird michael C.murphy Center for Bio-modular multi-Scale Systems Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of mechanical&Industrial Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3GBCanada School of mechanical Engineering Kyungnam UniversityChangwonSouth Korea Department of Engineering Technology Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of mechanical Engineering The University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Department of Chemistry The University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA SUNY Downstate Stroke Center University Hospital of BrooklynBrooklynNY 11203USA

Chip-to-chip and world-to-chip fluidic interconnections are paramount to enable the passage of liquids between component chips and to/from microfluidic ***,most interconnect designs add additional physical constraints to chips with each additional interconnect leading to over-constrained microfluidic *** competing constraints provided by multiple interconnects induce strain in the chips,creating indeterminate dead volumes and misalignment between chips that comprise the microfluidic system.A novel,gasketless superhydrophobic fluidic interconnect(GSFI)that uses capillary forces to form a liquid bridge suspended between concentric through-holes and acting as a fluid passage was *** GSFI decouples the alignment between component chips from the interconnect function and the attachment of the meniscus of the liquid bridge to the edges of the holes produces negligible dead *** passive seal was created by patterning parallel superhydrophobic surfaces(water contact angle>150°)around concentric microfluidic ports separated by a *** relative position of the two polymer chips was determined by passive kinematic constraints,three spherical ball bearings seated in v-grooves.A leakage pressure model derived from the Young-Laplace equation was used to estimate the leakage pressure at failure for the liquid ***-molded,Cyclic Olefin Copolymer(COC)chip assemblies with assembly gaps from 3 to 240μm were used to experimentally validate the *** maximum leakage pressure measured for the GSFI was 21.4 kPa(3.1 psig),which corresponded to a measured mean assembly gap of 3μm,and decreased to 0.5 kPa(0.073 psig)at a mean assembly gap of 240μ*** effect of radial misalignment on the efficacy of the gasketless seals was tested and no significant effect was *** may be a function of how the liquid bridges are formed during the priming of the chip,but additional research is required to test that hypothesis.

关键词： passive interconnection fluid

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