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Metabolic reprogramming in skeletal cell differentiation

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Bone Research 2024年第3期12卷 539-554页

作者： joshua c.Bertels Guangxu He Fanxin Long Department of Surgery Translational Research Program in Pediatric OrthopedicsThe Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Orthopedics The Second Xiangya HospitalChangshaHunanChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

The human skeleton is a multifunctional organ made up of multiple cell types working in concert to maintain bone and mineral homeostasis and to perform critical mechanical and endocrine *** the beginning steps of chondrogenesis that prefigures most of the skeleton,to the rapid bone accrual during skeletal growth,followed by bone remodeling of the mature skeleton,cell differentiation is integral to skeletal health.

关键词： functions skeleton programming

cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for Alternate Food to Address Agricultural catastrophes Globally

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 205-215页

作者： David c.Denkenberger joshua M.Pearce Global catastrophic Risk Institute Department of civil and Architectural Engineering Tennessee State University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological University Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Michigan Technological University

The literature suggests there is about a 1 % risk per year of a 10 % global agricultural shortfall due to catastrophes such as a large volcanic eruption, a medium asteroid or comet impact, regional nuclear war, abrupt climate change, and extreme weather causing multiple breadbasket failures. This shortfall has an expected mortality of about 500 million people. To prevent such mass starvation, alternate foods can be deployed that utilize stored biomass. This study developed a model with literature values for variables and, where no values existed,used large error bounds to recognize uncertainty. Then Monte carlo analysis was performed on three interventions: planning, research, and development. The results show that even the upper bound of USD 400 per life saved by these interventions is far lower than what is typically paid to save a life in a less-developed country. Furthermore, every day of delay on the implementation of these interventions costs 100–40,000 expected lives(number of lives saved multiplied by the probability that alternate foods would be required). These interventions plus training would save 1–300 million expected lives. In general, these solutions would reduce the possibility of civilization collapse, could assist in providing food outside of catastrophic situations, and would result in billions of dollars per year of return.

关键词： Agricultural catastrophe Alternate food Global catastrophic risk Intervention cost-effectiveness

Medium-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides as feed additives for pig production:towards gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 611-625页

作者： joshua A.Jackman RDean Boyd charles c.Elrod School of chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Hanor company FranklinKY 42134USA North carolina State University RaleighNC 27695USA Natural Biologics Inc. NewfieldNY 14867USA Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA.

Ongoing challenges in the swine industry,such as reduced access to antibiotics and virus outbreaks(e.g.,porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,African swine fever virus),have prompted calls for innovative feed additives to support pig ***-chain fatty acids(McFAs)and monoglycerides have emerged as a potential option due to key molecular features and versatile functions,including inhibitory activity against viral and bacterial *** this review,we summarize recent studies examining the potential of McFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives to improve pig gut health and to mitigate feed *** molecular properties and biological functions of McFAs and monoglycerides are first introduced along with an overview of intervention needs at different stages of pig *** latest progress in testing McFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives in pig diets is then presented,and their effects on a wide range of production issues,such as growth performance,pathogenic infections,and gut health,are *** utilization of McFAs and monoglycerides together with other feed additives such as organic acids and probiotics is also described,along with advances in molecular encapsulation and delivery ***,we discuss how McFAs and monoglycerides demonstrate potential for feed pathogen mitigation to curb disease *** forward,we envision that McFAs and monoglycerides may become an important class of feed additives in pig production for gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation.

关键词： Antibiotics Feed pathogen mitigation Growth promotion Gut health Immune enhancement McFA Medium-chain fatty acids Monoglycerides

MAGNA cARTA AND THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO DUE PROcESS

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Frontiers of Law in china-Selected Publications from chinese Universities 2016年第2期11卷 236-242页

作者： joshua c. Tate SMU Dedman School of Law Dallas US

The 800th anniversary of Magna carta has been marked by much pageantry and celebration. Some scholars have taken this opportunity to point out that the myth of Magna carta is far greater than what the actual 1215 charter managed to accomplish. Nevertheless, Magna carta did make a meaningful and concrete contribution to due process in 1215, as shown by certain provisions that are seemingly overlooked by critics eager to downplay the charter＇s importance. This article highlights two lesser known clauses of Magna carta that had real contemporary significance in guaranteeing the availability of jury trial for some categories of civil litigation. The ringing promises of clauses 39 and 40 may have inspired great jurists and founders of nations, but the more humble clauses 17 and 18 -- specifying the proper location and manner of hearing certain civil cases -- must also be taken into account in assessing the charter＇s importancc.

关键词： Magna carta legal history trials access to justice property fundamental rights

Inhibition of African swine fever virus in liquid and feed by medium-chain fatty acids and glycerol monolaurate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 569-578页

作者： joshua A.Jackman Astghik Hakobyan Hovakim Zakaryan charles c.Elrod School of chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Group of Antiviral Defense Mechanisms Institute of Molecular Biology of NASYerevanArmenia Natural Biologics Inc. NewfieldNY 14867USA. Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

Background:The ongoing African swine fever virus(ASFv)epidemic has had a major impact on pig production globally and biosecurity efforts to curb ASFv infectivity and transmission are a high *** has been recently identified that feed and feed ingredients,along with drinking water,can serve as transmission vehicles and might facilitate transboundary spread of ***,it is important to test the antiviral activity of regulatory compatible,antiviral feed additives that might inhibit ASFv infectivity in *** promising group of feed additive candidates includes medium-chain fatty acids(McFA)and monoglyceride derivatives,which are known to disrupt the lipid membrane surrounding certain enveloped viruses and ***:The antiviral activities of selected McFA,namely caprylic,capric,and lauric acids,and a related monoglyceride,glycerol monolaurate(GML),to inhibit ASFv in liquid and feed conditions were investigated and suitable compounds and inclusion rates were identified that might be useful for mitigating ASFv in feed *** assays showed that all tested McFA and GML inhibit *** was more potent than McFA because it worked at a lower concentration and inhibited ASFv due to direct virucidal activity along with one or more other antiviral ***-dependent feed experiments further showed that sufficiently high GML doses can significantly reduce ASFv infectivity in feed in a linear manner in periods as short as 30 min,as determined by infectious viral titer ***-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)experiments revealed that GML treatment also hinders antibody recognition of the membrane-associated ASFv p72 structural protein,which likely relates to protein conformational changes arising from viral membrane ***:Together,the findings in this study indicate that McFA and GML inhibit ASFv in liquid conditions and that GML is also able to reduce ASFv infectivity in feed,which may help to curb disease tr

关键词： African swine fever virus Antiviral Feed pathogen mitigation McFA Medium-chain fatty acids Monoglycerides

Bioreactor design and validation for manufacturing strategies in tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第1期5卷 43-63页

作者： Diana Lim Eric S.Renteria drake S.Sime Young Min Ju Ji Hyun Kim Tracy criswell Thomas D.Shupe Anthony Atala Frank c.Marini Metin N.Gurcan Shay Soker joshua Hunsberger James J.Yoo Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA center for Biomedical Informatics Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA RegenMed Development Organization(ReMDO) Winston SalemNC 27106USA

The fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering offer new therapeutic options to restore,maintain or improve tissue function following disease or *** maximize the biological function of a tissue-engineered clinical product,specific conditions must be maintained within a bioreactor to allow the maturation of the product in preparation for ***,the bioreactor should be designed to mimic the mechanical,electrochemical and biochemical environment that the product will be exposed to in ***-time monitoring of the functional capacity of tissue-engineered products during manufacturing is a critical component of the quality management *** present review provides a brief overview of bioreactor engineering *** addition,strategies for bioreactor automation,in-line product monitoring and quality assurance are discussed.

关键词： Bioreactor Monitoring sensors and automation Manufacturing Tissue engineering Regenerative medicine

Preparing for Iiver surgery with "Alphabet Soup": PVE, ALPPS, TAE-PVE, LVD and RL

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 136-151页

作者： DaeHee Kim joshua cornman-Homonoff David c.Madoff Department of Radiology Division of Interventional RadiologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Section of Interventional RadiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA

Future liver remnant(FLR)is a critical limiting factor for treatment eligibility and postoperative prognosis when considering surgical ***-operative portal vein embolization(PVE)has been proven effective in modulating FLR and now widely accepted as a standard of ***,PVE is not always effective due to potentially inadequate augmentation of the FLR as well as tumor progression while awaiting liver *** concerns have prompted exploration of alternative techniques:associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS),transarterial embolization-portal vein embolization(TAE-PVE),liver venous deprivation(LVD),and radiation lobectomy(RL).The article aims to review the principles and applications of PVE and these newer hepatic regenerative techniques.

关键词： Hepatic regeneration future liver remnant embolization

Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance,calf growth performance,and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1483-1497页

作者： Taoqi Shao Frank A.Ireland joshua c.Mccann Daniel W.Shike Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA

Background:Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development,which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth *** a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism,essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose *** experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements(77 d prepartum),either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids(cON;155 g/cow/d EnerGII)or polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA;80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d Prequel),on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle(LM)and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and ***:There was no difference(P≥0.34)in cow body weight(BW)or body condition score from presupplementation through *** concentrations of c18:3n-3 and c20:4n-6 decreased(P≤0.05)to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for PUFA compared with cON *** plasma c20:0,c20:5n-3,and c22:6n-3 were increased(P≤0.01)in PUFA during supplementation *** birth,PUFA steers had greater(P=0.01)plasma c20:*** differences(P≥0.33)were detected in steer birth BW or dam milk production,however,cON steers tended(P=0.06)to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater(P=0.05)weaning BW compared with *** mRNA expression in steers:MYH7 and c/EBPβin LM increased(P≤0.04)to a greater extent from birth to weaning for PUFA compared with cON;MYF5 in LM and c/EBPβin adipose tissue tended(P≤0.08)to decrease more from birth to weaning for cON compared with PUFA;ScD in PUFA adipose tissue tended(P=0.08)to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than *** addition,maternal PUFA supplementation tended(P=0.08)to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased(P=0.02)ZFP423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning ***:Late gestation PUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared

关键词： Beef cattle Fatty acids Fetal programming Late gestation mRNA expression

Protein-protein interface analysis of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase peptidyl carrier protein and enzymatic domains

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第2期7卷 671-682页

作者： joshua c.corpuz Javier O.Sanlley Michael D.Burkart Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of California-San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0358USA

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases(NRPSs)are attractive targets for biosynthetic pathway engineering due to their modular architecture and the therapeutic relevance of their *** catalysis mediated by specific protein-protein interactions formed between the peptidyl carrier protein(PcP)and its partner enzymes,NRPS enzymology and control remains fertile ground for *** review focuses on the recent efforts within structural biology by compiling high-resolution structural data that shed light into the various protein-protein interfaces formed between the PcP and its partner enzymes,including the phosphopantetheinyl transferase(PPTase),adenylation(A)domain,condensation(c)domain,thioesterase(TE)domain and other tailoring enzymes within the *** our understanding of how the PcP recognizes partner proteins with the potential to use directed evolution and combinatorial biosynthetic methods will enhance future efforts in discovery and production of new bioactive compounds.

关键词： Natural products Protein-protein interactions Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase Peptidyl carrier protein combinatorial biosynthesis Synthetic biology