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Building the Capacity of Health Professionals in Monitoring and Evaluation in a Public Health Institution: Experience of the national Institute of Public Health (nIPH) of Côte d’Ivoire

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Health 2024年第8期16卷 731-749页

作者： Esme Marie Laure Essis n’guetta Mathilde Manouan Anna-Corine Estell Liema Bissouma Ethmonia Kouamé Ekissi Orsot Tetchi Sagou Olivier Yayo Stephane Claon Yao Eugene Konan William Yavo Agbaya Stephane Oga Tenenan Jean Marie Yeo joseph Aka national Institute of Public Health Abidjan Cte dIvoire Cellule de Recherche en Sant de la Reproduction de Cte dIvoire (CRESAR-CI) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Public Health and Biostatistics UFR of Medical Sciences Felix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Public Health UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Felix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Background: In the context of the fight against HIV, a lack of skills in monitoring and evaluating the personnel in charge of activities has been identified at the national level. It was the subject of a priority axis of the national plan for monitoring and evaluating the fight against HIV (2006-2010) that was aimed at strengthening the capacities of actors in this area. To increase the critical mass of competent human resources in the short term, the national Institute of Public Health (nIPH) of Côte d’Ivoire organized monitoring and evaluation training sessions for healthcare professionals from 2011 to 2016. Methods: A single case study with multiple levels of analysis was carried out, combining a qualitative survey and a literature review. An evaluation was carried out six months after each training session. In addition, the results of the pre- and post-tests and of the daily and final evaluations that accompanied the various training sessions were used to provide further information. The qualitative data collected were analyzed using InVIVO 15 software. Results: Some 89 health professionals (69% men and 31% women) working at the national level (51% at the central level, including 58% in health programs) and in development partner agencies (37%) participated in this capacity building program. Most participants were senior health managers (56%), data managers (23%), and statisticians and computer scientists (10%). Almost all the trainings were financed by 16 technical and financial partners (85%), mainly the MEASURE Evaluation project (27%). Conclusion: M&E training, despite all its imperfections, has made it possible to identify M&E training needs at the national level and to increase the critical mass of national skills and to have some culture in M&E.

关键词： Short-Term Training Capacity Building Monitoring and Evaluation Health Professional Africa Côte d’Ivoire

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Studies of the Variability of Primary Metabolites in the Epicarp, Mesocarp and Seed of Dacryodes edulis Fruit at Taste Maturity

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第2期14卷 64-72页

作者： Etou Ossibi Grace Jokael Mbon nguékou Chrichina Ongouya Mouekouba Dalcantara Liana Mpika joseph Attibayeba Biology Center Faculty of Applied Sciences (FSA) D&#233nis Sassou N&#8217guesso University Kint&#233l&#233 Congo Laboratory Biotechnology and Plant Production Faculty of Science and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

The fruits of Dacryodes edulis are rich in biologically active substances, which makes them of great interest in terms of validation. In this study, we targeted the primary metabolites in the epicarp, the mesocarp and the seed of the fruit of Dacryodes edulis at taste maturity, which were selected for their nutritional quality and its appreciation throughout the Gulf of Guinea area, which is very popular because of its large size, texture and special taste. The evaluation of total carbohydrates, total lipids and soluble proteins in the epicarp, mesocarp and seed of the fruit at taste maturity was made from spectrophotometer measurements. The overall analysis of the results of the present study shows that total carbohydrates, total lipids and proteins accumulate more in the seed with respectively 251.33 ± 1.15 mg/g DM;9.92 ± 0.201 mg/g DM and 55.075 ± 0.024 mg/g DM. Likewise, the results indicate low concentrations of total carbohydrates and total lipids in the epicarp with respectively 245 ± 1 mg/g DM and 4.77 ± 0.047 mg/g DM, on the other hand, it is the mesocarp which presents the lowest content of soluble proteins: 28.075 ± 3.231 mg/g DM. This variation could be linked to the nature of the compartment, more particularly to the storage location. This comparative study could lead to the valorization of the seed of the fruit of Dacryodes edulis for its richness in metabolites and arouse significant interest in nutrition.

关键词： Dacryodes edulis Fruit Taste Maturity Epicarp Mesocarp Seed

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Predictors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1269-1277页

作者： Dujinthan Jayabalan Yi Huang Luis Calzadilla-Bertot Malik Janjua Bastiaan de Boer John joseph Wendy Cheng Simon Hazeldine Briohny W Smith Gerry C MacQuillan Michael C Wallace George Garas Leon A Adams Gary P Jeffrey Medical School University of Western AustraliaNed-lands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology PathWest Laboratory MedicineNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Perth HospitalPerth 6000Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Medical School University of Western AustraliaNedl-ands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUnD Survival in patients with autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes(AILDOS)compared to those with single autoimmune liver disease is *** To investigate the survival of patients with AILDOS and assess the accuracy of non-invasive serum models for predicting liver-related *** Patients with AILDOS were defined as either autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap(AIH-PBC)or autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap(AIH-PSC)and were identified from three tertiary centres for this cohort ***-related death or transplantation(liver-related mortality)was determined using a population-based data linkage *** scores for liver-related death were compared for accuracy[including liver outcome score(LOS),Hepascore,Mayo Score,model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score and MELD incorporated with serum sodium(MELD-na)score].RESULTS Twenty-two AILDOS patients were followed for a median of 3.1 years(range,0.35-7.7).Fourteen were female,the median age was 46.7 years(range,17.8 to 82.1)and median Hepascore was 1(range,0.07-1).At five years post enrolment,57%of patients remained free from liver-related mortality(74%AIH-PBC,27%AIH-PSC).There was no significant difference in survival between AIH-PBC and *** was a significant predictor of liver-related mortality(Pn patients with AIH-PBC(n=14)but not AIH-PSC(n=8).A LOS cut-point of 6 discriminated liver-related mortality in AIH-PBC patients(P=0.012,log-rank test,100%sensitivity,77.8%specificity)(Harrell's C-statistic 0.867).The MELD score,MELD-na score and Mayo Score were not predictive of liver-related mortality in any *** Survival in the rare,AILDOS is *** current study supports the LOS as a predictor of liver-related mortality in AIH-PBC *** trials investigating predictors of survival in AILDOS are required.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes Liver outcome score Liver-related death Hepascore Autoimmune hepatitis Primary biliary cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Characterization of Sediment from Ourokessoum, north Cameroon: Morphostructural, Mineralogical, and Physicochemical Properties

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 51-76页

作者： Atangana Jacqueline ntsama Kadaguina Doussana joseph Roland Atenga Essama Akoa Philémon Rémi Etoundi Bilobi Roland Touna Jean Pierre nguetnkam Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundr Cameroon College of Civil Engineering and Architecture China Three Gorges University Yichang China Department of Mining Geology School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon

The present study examines the morphological, physicochemical, and mineralogical specificity of clay sediments in the Hamakoussou Basin with the objective of exploring their potential applications. Field data collection was followed by a series of physicochemical and mineralogical tests on the clay samples. Results show that the clay layers, which range in thickness from 11 - 120 cm, exhibit gray, yellowish, or greenish colors. From a physicochemical perspective, these clay layers are found to be basic with a pH ranging from 8.5 for the higher Hama2 layer to 7.6 for the lower Hama1 layer. The sum of exchangeable bases (S) is medium to high with higher values in the Hama1 layer (53.45 meq/100g) and lower values in the Hama3 layer (17.09 meq/100g). Similarly, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) varies from 62.32 meq/100g for the higher Hama1n4 clay layer to 35.6 meq/100g for the lower Hama1n3 clay layer. Mineralogically, the clay materials are primarily composed of smectites, with illite, kaolinite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, hematite, and goethite also present. This study emphasizes the versatility of clay in various industries and scientific domains. It is known for its impermeability, plasticity, and fossil-preserving capabilities, making it a valuable material for economic, practical, and academic applications.

关键词： Morphostructural Sediments Clay Layers Sedimentary Basin Hamakoussou

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Predicting aqueous stability of solid with computed Pourbaix diagram using SCAn functional

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 343-349页

作者： Zhenbin Wang Xingyu Guo joseph Montoya Jens K.nørskov CatTheory Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego9500 Gilman DrLa JollaCA 92093USA Toyota Research Institute Los AltosCA 94022USA

In this work,using the SCAn functional,we develop a simple method on top of the Materials Project(MP)Pourbaix diagram framework to accurately predict the aqueous stability of *** extensively evaluate the SCAn functional’s performance in computed formation enthalpies for a broad range of oxides and develop Hubbard U corrections for transition-metal oxides where the standard SCAn functional exhibits large *** performance of the calculated Pourbaix diagram using the SCAn functional is validated with comparison to the experimental and the MP PBE Pourbaix diagrams for representative *** indicate the SCAn Pourbaix diagram systematically outperforms the MP PBE in aqueous stability *** further show applications of this method in accurately predicting the dissolution potentials of the state-of-the-art catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media.

关键词： diagram stability functional

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A proposed modulatory role of the endocannabinoid system on adipose tissue metabolism and appetite in periparturient dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 995-1007页

作者： Madison n.Myers Maya Zachut joseph Tam G.Andres Contreras Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Ruminant Science Institute of Animal SciencesAgricultural Research Organization/Volcani Center7505101 Rishon LeZionIsrael Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory The Institute for Drug ResearchSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem9112001 JerusalemIsrael

To sustain the nutrient demands of rapid fetal growth,parturition,and milk synthesis,periparturient dairy cows mobilize adipose tissue fatty acid stores through *** process induces an inflammatory response within AT that is resolved as lactation progresses;however,excessive and protracted lipolysis compounds the risk for metabolic and inflammatory *** suppression of lipolytic action and inflammation,along with amplification of adipogenesis and lipogenesis,serve as prospective therapeutic targets for improving the health of periparturient dairy ***,the activation of cannabinoid receptors by endocannabinoids enhances adipogenesis and lipogenesis,suppresses lipolysis,and increases appetite in *** biological effects of activating the endocannabinoid system open the possibility of harnessing the endocannabinoid system through nutritional intervention in dairy herds as a potential tool to improve dairy cows’health,although much is still to be revealed in this *** review summarizes the current knowledge surrounding the components of the endocannabinoid system,elaborates on the metabolic effects of its activation,and explores the potential to modulate its activity in periparturient dairy cows.

关键词： Adipogenesis Adipose tissue Dairy cow health Endocannabinoids Endocannabinoid system Lipogenesis Lipolysis

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Preoperative nuclear stress testing in the very old patient population

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第5期12卷 210-219页

作者： Amgad n Makaryus John n Makaryus joseph A Diamond Department of Cardiology Northwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNY11042United States Department of Cardiology Nassau University Medical CenterEast MeadowNY 11554United States

BACKGROUnD Elderly patients awaiting moderate to high-risk surgery may undergo nuclear stress testing(nST)in order to evaluate their cardiovascular *** prognostic utility of such testing in the very elderly(≥85 years)has yet to be fully *** and nonogenarians frequently have a number of concurrent conditions including a high rate of coronary disease,and therefore the prognostic value of nST for their preoperative risk assessment has been *** evaluation assesses the ability of nuclear stress testing to predict peri-operative cardiac outcomes in this patient *** To investigate the ability of nST to predict peri-operative cardiac outcomes in elderly patients awaiting moderate to high-risk *** Patients≥85 years undergoing pre-operative nST were retrospectively *** undergoing low-risk surgery were *** adverse cardiac events(MACE)were considered any adverse event that occurred prior to discharge and included acute heart failure,arrhythmia,acute myocardial infarction,unstable angina,or *** between patient risk factors,MACE,and the obtained results of the pre-operative stress testing,ejection fraction(nd the summed difference score(≤0,>0)were *** A total of 69 patients(mean age 88±2.6 years,31 males)underwent nuclear stress testing prior to *** were 41(60%)patients found to have an abnormal ***(23%)patients were noted to experience post-operative *** significant associations between risk factors and MACE were *** with an abnormal nST and/or a summed stress score≥9 weresignificantly(Pndicated preoperative nST is useful to assess pre-operative risk in elderly patients≥85 years undergoing moderate to high-risk surgery.

关键词： Pharmacologic nuclear stress testing Prognosis Elderly Preoperative assessment Outcomes

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Evaluation of the Strategy and Efficacy of Treatment of Chronic Viral Hepatitis C with the Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir Combination in a Resource-Limited Country

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期14卷 233-240页

作者： Mayanna Habkreo Ali Mahamat Moussa Adama Ahmed ngare Abdraman Kossou Tahir Mahamat Saleh Maire Dehainsala Mahamat Ali Hachim Mahamat Ali Bolti Oumaima Djarma joseph Madtoingue Service de Gastroentrologie/Mdecine Interne du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Rfrence nationale NDjamena Chad Service de Gastroentrologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance NDjamena Chad Service de Maladies Infectieuses du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance NDjamena Chad Service de Maladies Infectieuses du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Rfrence nationale NDjamena Chad

Introduction: The treatment of viral hepatitis C (HCV), a major public health problem, has evolved considerably since the introduction of direct-acting anti-virals (DAAs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the strategy for initiating treatment with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir, and also to assess its efficacy. Patients and Methods: Included were patients aged at least 15 years, with detectable hepatitis C viremia and treated with a pan-genotypic Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir regimen at the Centre “Hospitalier Universitaire la Référence nationale de n’Djamena” between October 2019 and October 2023. The APRI score was used to assess fibrosis. Cure was defined by an undetectable viral load 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Results: A total of 835 patients were included (sex ratio 1.55, mean age 50.5 ± 13.73, extremes 20 and 84 years). The 60 - 69 age group was the most represented. The mean APRI score was 0.42 ± 0.29, with extremes of 0.019 and 1.84. The mean viral load was 2,316,193.086 IU/mL. All subjects had good renal function. Cytolysis was absent in 70% of cases. Without genotyping, a pan-genotypic regimen was used in all patients: Sofosbuvir (400 mg)/Daclatasvir (60 mg). The cure rate was 99.4%, with good tolerability. However, four cases of failure were recorded out of the 668 patients who underwent follow-up HCV-PCR testing after 12 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: The Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir regimen is highly effective, with an excellent safety profile. However, the still high cost of these molecules limits their accessibility to a large proportion of patients.

关键词： Efficacy Tolerance Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir HCV Chad

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Bugbee flexible electrocautery facilitates choledochoscopic biopsy,fulguration,and debulking of a high grade intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第2期17卷 176-179页

作者： Ravi n Srinivasa Rajiv n Srinivasa joseph J Gemmete Jeffrey Forris Beecham Chick Department of Radiology Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology University of Michigan Health System 1500 East Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

To the Editor:Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPnB)may occur in the setting of primary sclerosing cholangitis,choledochal cysts or hepatolithiasis[1].The entity may be a precursor of cancer or intrahepatic *** carcinoma,tubular or mucinous adenocarcinoma is present in approximately 40%-80%of IPnBs[1–3].IPnB is frequently found in the resection margins of patients undergoing hepatectomy for cholangiocarcinoma[4].

关键词： fulguration and debulking of a high grade intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct Bugbee flexible electrocautery facilitates choledochoscopic biopsy flexible

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On the necessary Grid Resolution for Verified Calculation of Premixed Laminar Flames

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第7期8卷 304-326页

作者： Ashraf n.Al-Khateeb joseph M.Powers Samuel Paolucci Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana 46556-5637USA

We consider the grid resolution necessary to resolve combustion in a mixture of calorically imperfect ideal gases described by detailed kinetics and multicomponent *** the steady premixed laminar flame as a paradigm,the required spatial discretization to capture all detailed physics in the reaction zone is found via 1)determination of the finest grid used in a standard software tool which employs adaptive mesh refinement,2)examination of peak values of intermediate species mass fractions in the flame zone as a function of grid size,3)a formal grid resolution study,and 4)a robust new eigenvalue analysis developed to estimate the finest length *** to laminar premixed flames in hydrogen-air flames reveals that the finest length scale is on the order of 10^(−4) cm for combustion at atmospheric *** at this scale is shown to be necessary to capture detailed species mass fraction profiles;other features such as steady flame speeds and equilibrium thermochemical properties do not have such a stringent length scale requirement.

关键词： Length scales premixed flames detailed kinetics

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