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Litterfall production modeling based on climatic variables and nutrient return from stands of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus taeda L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 26-36页

作者： Andrés Baietto Andrés Hirigoyen jorge Hernández Amabelia del Pino Forest Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay National Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteINIA97000 TacuarembóUruguay Soil and Water Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay

Native grasslands in the Pampas of South America are increasingly being replaced by Eucalyptus and Pinus *** short rotation regimes used for the stands require high nutrient levels,with litterfall being a major source of nutrient *** model the litterfall production using climatic variables and assess the nutrient return in 14-year-old Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus taeda stands,we measured litter production over 2 years,using conical litter traps,and monitored climatic *** temperature,accumulated precipitation,and mean maximum vapor pres-sure deficit at the seasonal level influenced litterfall produc-tion by ***;seasonal accumulated precipitation and mean maximum temperature affected litterfall by *** regression tree modeling based on these climatic vari-ables had great accuracy and predictive power for ***(N=33;MAE(mean absolute error)=0.65;RMSE(root mean square error)=0.91;R^(2)=0.71)and ***(N=108;MAE=1.50;RMSE=1.59;R^(2)=0.72).The nutrient return followed a similar pattern to litterfall deposition,as well as the order of importance of macronutrients(***:ca>N>K>Mg>P;***:N>ca>K>Mg>P)and micronutrients(*** and ***:Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu)in both *** study constitutes a first approximation of factors that affect litterfall and nutrient return in these systems.

关键词： Afforestation Litterfall Nutrient recycling Climate modeling Myrtaceae Pinaceae

Design of a Socially Inclusive Climate Risk Transfer Mechanism:A case Study in La Guajira,Colombia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第4期15卷 565-578页

作者： Cristian camilo Fernández Lopera JoséManuel Mendes Eduardo jorge Barata Centre for Social Studies Institute for Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics Centre for Social StudiesUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics CeBERUniversity of Coimbra3004-512 CoimbraPortugal

The primary aim of this study was to develop a model of a socially inclusive climate risk insurance(CRI) mechanism based on the differential risk transfer approach. This study focused on the department of La Guajira, Colombia, as a case *** Guajira is the department in Colombia that, due to its critical disaster risk conditions, presents the adequate configuration for implementing a climate risk transfer mechanism. The article starts by analyzing risk conditions by using secondary data. Based on fieldwork, this research explored the perspectives of the most vulnerable sectors in La Guajira Department on the socioeconomic impacts and needs they experience regarding climate-related hazards, their adaptive measures for risk reduction, and their willingness to adopt CRI. This represents the fundamental input for the formulation of the CRI model. Consequently, this research proposed an operational structure as input for future implementations of the model. The results indicate that national and local disaster risk management public policies align with the sectors' needs and priorities. Strengthening sectoral associations can enhance representation in CRI projects. In-kind indemnization is preferred for women entrepreneurs and the indigenous community. The CRI model includes a risk pool through the family compensation fund of La Guajira as a sectoral agglomerator, with contingent credit and traditional/parametric insurance. The methodology developed in this study can be applied in different contexts worldwide as a guidance for informing national and international climate risk finance initiatives.

关键词： Colombia Disaster risk fnancing Disaster risk management La Guajira Climate risk insurance Socioeconomic vulnerability

Elenoside increases intestinal motility

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第44期12卷 7143-7148页

作者： E Navarro SJ Alonso R Navarro J Trujillo E jorge Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of La Laguna 38071 La Laguna Apdo. 55 Tenerife Canary Islands Spain Department of Medical and Chirurgical Sciences University of Las Palmas Gran Canaria Canary Islands Spain Centro de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia CSIC Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

AIM： TO study the effects of elenoside, an arylnaphthalene lignan from Justicia hyssopifolia, on gastrointestinal motility in vivo and in vitro in rats. METHODS： Routine in vivo experimental assessments were catharsis index, water percentage of boluses, intestinal transit, and codeine antagonism. The groups included were vehicle control （propylene glycol-ethanolplant oil-tween 80）, elenoside （i.p. 25 and 50 mg/kg）, cisapride （i.p. 10 mg/kg）, and codeine phosphate （intragastric route, 50 mg/kg）. In v/tro approaches used isolated rat intestinal tissues （duodenum, jejunum, and ileum）. The effects of elenoside at concentrations of 3.2 ×10^4, 6.4 ×10^4 and 1.2 ×10^3 mol/L, and cisapride at 10^6 mol/L were investigated. RESULTS： Elenoside in vivo produced an increase in the catharsis index and water percentage of boluses and in the percentage of distance traveled by a suspension of activated charcoal. Codeine phosphate antagonized the effect of 25 mg/kg of elenoside. In vitro, elenoside in duodenum, jejunum and ileum produced an initial decrease in the contraction force followed by an increase. Elenoslde resulted in decreased intestinal frequency in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The in vitro and in vivo effects of elenoside were similar to those produced by cisapride. CONCLUSION： Elenoside is a lignan with an action similar to that of purgative and prokinetics drugs. Elenoside, could be an alternative to cisapride in treatment of gastrointestinal diseases as well as a preventive therapy for the undesirable gastrointestinal effects produced by opioids used for mild to moderate pain.

关键词： Elenoside Gastrointestinal motility, Smail intestine preparation

The plant N-degron pathways of ubiquitinmediated proteolysis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第1期62卷 70-89页

作者： Michael John Holdsworth jorge Vicente Gunjan Sharma Mohamad Abbas Agata Zubrycka School of Biosciences University of Nottingham

The amino-terminal residue of a protein(or amino-terminus of a peptide following protease cleavage)can be an important determinant of its stability,through the Ubiquitin Proteasome System associated N-degron *** contain a unique combination of N-degron pathways(previously called the N-end rule pathways)E3 ligases,PROTEOLYSIS(PRT)6 and PRT1,recognizing non-overlapping sets of amino-terminal residues,and others remain to be *** only very few substrates of PRT1 or PRT6 have been identified,substrates of the oxygen and nitric oxide sensing branch of the PRT6 N-degron pathway include key nuclear-located transcription factors(ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR VIIs and LITTLE ZIPPER 2)and the histone-modifying Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 component VERNALIZATION *** response to reduced oxygen or nitric oxide levels(and other mechanisms that reduce pathway activity)these stabilized substrates regulate diverse aspects of growth and development,including response to flooding,salinity,vernalization(cold-induced flowering)and shoot apical meristem *** N-degron pathways show great promise for use in the improvement of crop performance and for biotechnological *** proteases,components of the different pathways and associated substrates still remain to be identified and characterized to fully appreciate how regulation of protein stability through the amino-terminal residue impacts plant biology.

关键词： stability residue cleavage

Surface Modification by Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation on Austenitic AISI 304 Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第4期23卷 380-384页

作者： Miguel caSTRO-COLIN William DURRER jorge A. LOPEZ Enrique RAMIREZ-HOMS Max Plank Institute for Intelligente Systems Stuttgart 70569Baden-wurttembergGermany Physics Department University of TexasEl Paso TX79968-0515TexasUSA

Surfaces of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel plates nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation （PⅢ） technology were studied by means of Auger electron spectroscopy （AES） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） to determine the effect of the nitriding process on the surface and subjacent layers. Elemental compositions obtained by AES and XPS at varying depths indicate that the saturation of N is relatively constant as a function of depth, indicating the reliability of PⅢ technology for substirface saturation. It is concluded that the concentrations of both Cr and O increase with depth, the subjacent oxide is driven by the Ar^＋ sputtering process used to access the lower layers, and then N is bound to Cr.

关键词： PⅢ technology AISI 304 XPS AES surface modification

MULTISPECTRAL UNMIXING OF FLUORESCENCE MOLECULAR TOMOGRAPHY DATA

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第4期2卷 353-364页

作者： MARIA SIMANTIRAKI ROSY FAVICCHIO STELIOS PSYCHARAKIS GIANNIS ZACHARAKIS jorge RIPOLL Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas 71110 HeraklionCreteGreece Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas 71110 HeraklionCreteGreece

Even though multispectral imaging is considered very significant in biological imaging,it is only commonly used in microscopy in a 2D ***,we present a Fluorescence Molecular Tomography system capable of recording simultaneously tomographic data at several spectral windows,enabling multispectral tomography.3D reconstructed data from several spectral windows is used to construct a linear unmixing algorithm for multispectral deconvolution of overlapping fluorescence *** method is applied on tomographic 3D fluorescence concentration maps in tissue-mimicking phantoms,yielding absolute quantification of the concentration of each individual *** are compared to the case when unmixing is performed in the raw 2D data instead of the reconstructed 3D concentration map,showing greater accuracy when unmixing algorithms are applied in the reconstructed *** the reflection and transmission geometries are considered.

关键词： Optical tomography multispectral imaging in vivo imaging fluorescence quantification.

Simultaneous tectonic Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty and tectonic Bowman layer transplant for the management of corneal perforation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第9期16卷 1549-1554页

作者： Abdo Karim Tourkmani Colm Mcalinden David F.Anderson jorge L.Alio del Barrio jorge L.Alió Royal Gwent Hospital NewportWales NP202UBUK Ophthalmology Department Universidad Miguel HernándezAlicante 03202Spain Ulster University Northern IrelandBelfast BT151EDUK Southampton General Hospital Southampton SO166YDEnglandUK Cornea Cataract&Refractive Surgery UnitVissum(Miranza Group)Alicante 03106Spain

AIM:To report the outcomes of three cases of corneal perforation managed with simultaneous tectonic Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty(t-DSEK)and tectonic Bowman layer transplant(t-BLT)as an alternative to tectonic penetrating keratoplasty(t-PKP).METHODS:Three eyes of three patients receiving simultaneous t-DSEK and t-BLT for corneal perforation were *** technique for DSEK was modified depending on individual *** t-BLT technique was standardised using an 8 mm graft and fixated with a running *** was measured by the ability of this procedure to close a corneal ***:All three cases achieved tectonic eye globe restoration and remained stable during the minimum 3-month observation *** were relatively common:2 cases required amniotic membrane transplant for persistent epithelial *** case required DSEK *** case developed angle closure glaucoma requiring surgical peripheral ***:Simultaneous t-DSEK and t-BLT may be a useful strategy for the management of corneal perforation as an alternative management to t-PKP for selected cases.

关键词： tectonic corneal graft Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty Bowman layer transplant penetrating keratoplasty

Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 10-13页

作者： Yan Li Shan Sang Safa Mote jorge Rivas Eugenia Kalnay State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology Beijing Normal University Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland

The Earth is a very large and complex system that consists of human and natural components interacting bidirectionally with each other,thus forming coupled human and natural systems (CHANS)[1].The increasing dominance of human impacts,especially after the 1950s [2],marked a new era for the Earth,the Anthropocene,which means humans have become the main drivers of the evolution of changes in the Earth ***,modeling CHANS is essential for understanding the emergent system properties of CHANS,predicting dynamics and feedbacks (*** shift,tipping point,and resilience),and informing governance of environmental systems to ensure a path toward sustainability [2,3].

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Abscisic Acid, High-Light, and Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate a Photosynthetic Gene via a Promoter Motif Not Involved in Phytochrome- Mediated Transcriptional Regulation

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 75-83页

作者： Roberto J. Staneloni Maria Jose Rodriguez-Batiller jorge J. casal Fundacion Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET C1405BWE-Buenos Aires Argentina IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET 1417 Buenos Aires Argentina

In etiolated seedlings, light perceived by phytochrome promotes the expression of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of photosystem Ⅱ （Lhcb） genes. However, excess of photosynthetically active radiation can reduce Lhcb expression. Here, we investigate the convergence and divergence of phytochrome, high-light stress and abscisic acid （ABA） signaling, which could connect these processes. Etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings bearing an Lhcb promoter fused to a reporter were exposed to continuous far-red light to activate phytochrome and not photosynthesis, and treated with ABA. We identified a cis-acting region of the promoter required for down-regulation by ABA. This region contains a CcaC sequence recently found to be necessary for ABI4-binding to an Lhcb promoter. However, we did not find a G-box-binding core motif often associated with the ABI4-binding site in genes promoted by light and repressed by ABI4. Mutations involving this motif also impaired the responses to reduced water potential, the response to high photosynthetic light and the response to methyl viologen but not the response to low temperature or to Norflurazon. We propose a model based on current and previous findings, in which hydrogen peroxide produced in the chloroplasts under high light conditions inter- acts with the ABA signaling network to regulate Lhcb expression. Since the mutation that affects high-light and methyl viologen responses does not affect phytochrome-mediated responses, the regulation by retrograde and phytochrome signaling can finally be separated at the target promoter level.

关键词： Abscisic Acid High-Light Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate Photosynthetic Gene