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mind the “Gap”: A Comparison of the Weekly Training Loads of English Premier League Academy Soccer Players in Under 23, Under 18 and Under 16 Age-Groups

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第1期5卷 34-43页

作者： jonathan m.Taylor jonathan L.madden Frances Hunter Ben J.Thorne Shaun J.mcLaren School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK Leeds United Football Club LeedsUK middlesbrough Football Club MiddlesbroughUK Hintsa Performance LondonUK Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

Purpose The transition into full-time training represents a key period in the development of young soccer *** we compared the weekly training loads(matches,field-,and resistance-training)of English Premier-League Academy soccer players from under-16(U16),under-18(U18)and under-23(U23)age-groups during a training *** Forty players(U16 n=13,U18 n=15 and U23 n=12)were monitored using global navigation satellite systems and differential ratings of perceived exertion(dRPE).External load metrics were total distance,high-speed running distance,[absolute:≥19.8 km/h,relative:≥87%of 30-15 final-velocity(vIFT)],sprint distance(absolute:≥25.2 km/h,relative:≥80%maximal sprint speed),and dynamic stress *** load metrics were dRPE training *** Other than relative sprint distance,overall weekly external training loads were substantially greater for U18s and U23s when compared with U16s[effect size range:1.09-1.99(moderate to large);±90%confidence limits~0.45].When compared with U16s,overall internal loads were substantially greater for U18s[0.69-0.95(moderate);±~0.40],but not *** in weekly training loads between U18s and U23s were *** Substantial differences in training loads between elite U16 players and their older counterparts,indicates the need for planned increases in training loads in anticipation of the transition into full-time training.

关键词： Team-sports RPE LTAD Individualised training Training load

Optimizing management in autoimmune hepatitis with liver failure at initial presentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第16期17卷 2070-2075页

作者： jonathan R Potts Sumita Verma Department of medicine Brighton and Sussex Medical School

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a disease of unknown etiology,its hallmark being ongoing hepatic *** its very nature,it is a chronic condition,although increasingly,we are becoming aware of patients with acute presentations,some of whom may have liver *** are very limited published data on patients with AIH with liver failure at initial diagnosis,which consist mostly of small retrospective *** a consequence,the clinical features and optimal management of this cohort remain poorly defined.A subset of patients with AIH who present with liver failure do respond to corticosteroids,but for the vast majority,an urgent liver transplantation may offer the only hope of long-term *** present,there is uncertainty on how best to stratify such a cohort into responders and non-responders to corticosteroids as soon as possible after hospitalization,thus optimizing their *** editorial attempts to answer some of the unresolved issues relating to management of patients with AIH with liver failure at initial ***,it must be emphasized that,at present,this editorial is based mostly on small retrospective studies,and it is an understatement that multicenter prospective studies are urgently needed to address this important clinical issue.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Liver failure Liver transplantation Corticosteroids

Nonmarine time-stratigraphy in a rift setting: An example from the mid-Permian lower Quanzijie low-order cycle, Bogda mountains, NW China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第1期4卷 27-51页

作者： jonathan Obrist-Farner Wan Yang Geology and Geophysics Program Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla Missouri 65409 USA Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Sedimentological and stratigraphic studies of seven stratigraphic sections of Permian Hongyanchi （HYC） and Quanzijie （QZJ） low-order cycles （LCs） in the Tarlong-Taodonggou half graben and Dalongkou area in Bogda mountains, NW China, demonstrate effective approaches and methodology in cyclo- and time-stratigraphic analyses of complex fluviallacustrine deposits in an intracontinental rift setting. A new synchronous stratigraphic unit, the lower QZJ LC is defined. The lower and upper boundaries of this cycle include a regionally correlative disconformity, erosional unconformity, and conformity, across which significant and abrupt changes in palaeoenvironments and tectonic and climatic conditions occurred. The lower boundary is an erosional unconformity and disconformity with a high-relief topography that juxtaposes lacustrine deposits of the underlying HYC LC with the overlying meandering stream deposits of the lower QZJ LC, and was caused by a regional tectonic uplift. The up- per boundary is a disconformity and local erosional unconformity and conformity, juxtaposing stacked paleosols developed on fluvial sediments with overlying fluvial and loessial deposits of the upper QZJ LC. The paleosols indicate landscape stability and a prolonged period of subaerial exposure and minimal deposition and suggest that climatic conditions were semiarid with strong precipitation seasonality in the Tarlong-Taodonggou half graben and subhumid in the Dalongkou area. The fluvial-loessial deposits indicate a renewed tectonic uplift and a change in the atmospheric circulation pattern. The newly-defined lower QZJ LC facilitates accurate palaeogeographic reconstruction in the study area during a period of major tectonic and climatic changes. The interpreted tectonic and climatic conditions provide a critical data point in the mid-latitude east coast of NE Pangea during the mid-Permian icehouse-hothouse transition. The results demonstrate that a process-response approach is effective in tim

关键词： fluvial loess cyclostratigraphy Permian China

Clinical variability and molecular heterogeneity inprostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 543-548页

作者： jonathan Shoag Christopher E Barbieri Department of Urology NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA Sandra and Edward meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell Medica College New York USA.

Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogeneous disease, with some men having indolent disease that can safely be observed, while others have aggressive, lethal disease. Over the past decade, researchers have begun to unravel some of the genomic heterogeneity that contributes to these varying clinical phenotypes. Distinct molecular sub-classes of prostate cancer have been identified, and the uniqueness of these sub-classes has been leveraged to predict clinical outcomes, design novel biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis, and develop novel therapeutics. Recent work has also elucidated the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of prostate cancer, helping us understand disease pathogenesis, response to therapy, and progression. New genomic techniques have provided us with a window into the remarkable clinical and genomic heterogeneity of prostate cancer, and this new perspective will increasingly impact patient care.

关键词： cell biology ERG genomics molecular heterogeneity prostate cancer sequencing serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazaltype 1 SPOP tumor profiling

Penile rehabilitation following prostate cancer treatment： review of current literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 916-922,I0007页

作者： jonathan Clavell-Hernandez Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Department of Urology Houston Texas USA University of Texas mD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas 77030 USA.

Radical prostatectomy （RP） and radiotherapy （RT） are highly effective in improving prostate cancer survival. However, both have a detrimental effect on erectile function （EF）. Penile rehabilitation consists of understanding the mechanisms that cause erectile dysfunction （ED） and utilizing pharmacologic agents, devices or interventions to promote male sexual function. For the past decade, many researchers have pursued to define effective treatment modalities to improve ED after prostate cancer treatment. Despite the understanding of the mechanisms and well-established rationale for postprostate treatment penile rehabilitation, there is still no consensus regarding effective rehabilitation programs. This article reviews a contemporary series of trials that assess penile rehabilitation and explore treatment modalities that might play a role in the future. Published data and trials related to penile rehabilitation after RP and RT were reviewed and presented. Although recent trials have shown that most therapies are well-tolerated and aid in some degree on EF recovery, we penile rehabilitation algorithm. However, advancements in options for penile rehabilitation. currently do not have tangible evidence to recommend an irrefutable research and technology will ultimately create and refine management

关键词： erectile dysfunction penile rehabilitation technology

Characterization of coal using electron spin resonance： implications for the formation of inertinite macerals in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 385-398页

作者： Ofentse m. moroeng jonathan m. Keartland R. James Roberts Nicola J. Wagner Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O. Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Department of Geology University of Pretoria Mineral Sciences Building Pretoria 0002 South Africa School of Physics and materials Physics Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

Coal contains a significant concentration of free radicals as a result of the coalification process. One of the experimental methods sensitive to the presence of radicals is electron spin resonance （ESR）, and differences in ESR spectra for different macerals may provide insight into coal-forming processes. In this study, ESR data along with the H/C atomic ratio （to infer the aromatic fraction） are used to characterize coal samples with the aim of assessing a fire-origin for dominant inertinite macerals. A medium rank C bituminous Witbank No. 4 Seam Upper coal （the parent） was density- fractionated to create vitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich samples. The parent sample consists of 42 vol% vitrinite and 49 vol% inertinite. The density-fractionated samples comprise of 81 vol% total vitrinite （dominated by collotelinite and collodetrinite）, and 63 vol% total inertinite （dominated by fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite）. The H/C ratio is 0.74 for the inertinite-rich sample, and 0.85 for the vitrinite-rich counterpart, suggesting the former sample is more aromatic. The ESR spectra obtained for the three samples were found to fit best using a Lorentzian distribution. The fit is noticeably better for the aromatic inertinite-rich sample, for which the spectrum is symmetric. This is attributed to pronounced electron mobility and exchange interactions. The higher radical content of the inertinite-rich and parent samples is attributed to the presence of specific inertinite macerals, namely： fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite. And, owing to the greater radical content of the inertinite-rich sample, the dominant inertinite macerals are interpreted to have formed through charring of plant matter.

关键词： main Karoo Basin Radical contents Origin pathways Charring Fusinite Semifusinite

Hierarchical methodology to evaluate the quality of disparate axle load data sources for pavement design

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 261-279页

作者： Steven Wood jonathan D.Regehr Transportation Division City of WinnipegWinnipegMB R3B 1B9Canada Department of Civil Engineering University of ManitobaMB R3T 5V6Canada

Axle load data are an essential input for pavement design,yet for most North American agencies,there is uncertainty about the quality of axle load data obtained from weigh-inmotion(WIm)systems,the applicability of these data for pavement design,and potential opportunities to integrate axle load data from disparate *** article presents a novel and practical methodology to evaluate the quality of axle load data from WIm systems and roadside weigh scales through a series of hierarchical analyses designed to test data *** applied using data from manitoba,Canada,the methodology quantified the uncertainty of axle loads measured at the weigh scales and piezo-quartz WIm,concluding that both could be used for pavement design *** collected at piezo-polymer WIm sites exhibited poorer data validity;however,application of site-specific temperature correction factors significantly improved data validity at these *** article describes how other data quality dimensions,including spatial coverage,temporal coverage,and long-term data availability,could be considered when determining the suitability of disparate axle load data sources for pavement *** of the methodology enables a pragmatic evaluation of the quality and limitations of commonlyavailable axle load data,revealing uncertainties and data needs relevant for pavement design practice.

关键词： Road engineering Pavement design Axle load Weigh-in-motion Data quality Truck traffic

Global distribution of geothermal gradients in sedimentary basins

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 478-495页

作者： Folarin Kolawole jonathan C.Evenick Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University New YorkNYUSA INPEX Corporation TokyoJapan

The heat budget of sedimentary basins is determined by heat transfer across the lithosphereasthenosphere boundary and lithospheric heat sources,such that the tectonic evolution of their host continental and oceanic lithosphere ultimately impact the present-day heat flow and average geothermal *** increase in availability of publicly-accessible geothermal gradient measurements across the world provides an opportunity to globally assess the dominant controls on the thermal regime of sedimentary ***,we compile a global dataset of152,000 unique data points with constrained bottomhole temperature measurements and assess the relationships between geothermal gradient and selected independent tectonic variables,including crustal and lithospheric thicknesses,crustal age,sediment thickness,and basin *** results show that in both oceanic and continental settings,geothermal gradients exhibit a non-linear,systematic variation with the tectonic *** find that oceanic geothermal gradients decrease with increasing crustal age and lithospheric *** gradients in the continents show no clear relationships with thermotectonic crustal age,but decrease with increasing crustal and lithospheric *** drop significantly at 1.5 km sediment-cover thickness,likely reflecting the effect of high sedimentation rates,but show a striking rise at>12 km thicknesses,potentially influenced by thinned lithosphere and thermal blanketing *** commonly-assumed‘normal’gradient of 25℃/km for continents is only valid for a narrow range(1.5–12.5 km)of sedimentary cover-thickness,and oceanic‘normal’gradient may be as high as 50–75℃/km for>20 ma crustal age and>50 km-thick *** show that,conditionally,crustal age may best predict average geothermal gradients in oceanic settings,and lithosphere thickness in ***,we observe that tectonic basin types exhibit distinct ranges of gradients that reflect their prevalent tec

关键词： Geothermal gradient Oceanic crust Continental crust Lithosphere Tectonics

Geographic variation in larval cold tolerance and exposure across the invasion front of a widely established forest insect

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Insect Science 2024年第6期31卷 1930-1942页

作者： Petra Hafker Lily m.Thompson jonathan A.Walter Dylan Parry Kristine L.Grayson Department of Biology University of RichmondRichmondVAUSA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA Department of Environmental Sciences University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of Environmental Biology State University of New YorkCollege of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA

Under global climate change,high and low temperature extremes can drive shifts in species *** the range of a species,thermal tolerance is based on acclimatization,plasticity,and may undergo selection,shaping resilience to temperature *** this study,we measured variation in cold temperature tolerance of early instar larvae of an invasive forest insect,Lymantria dispar dispar L.(Lepidoptera:Erebidae),using populations sourced from a range of climates within the current introduced range in the Eastern United *** tested for population differences in chill coma recovery(CCR)by measuring recovery time following a period of exposure to a nonlethal cold temperature in 2 cold exposure experiments.A 3rd experiment quantified growth responses after CCR to evaluate sublethal *** results indicate that cold tolerance is linked to regional climate,with individuals from populations sourced from colder climates recovering faster from chill *** this geographic gradient is seen in many species,detecting this pattern is notable for an introduced species founded from a single point-source *** demonstrate that the cold temperatures used in our experiments occur in nature during cold spells after spring egg hatch,but impacts to growth and survival appear *** expect that population differences in cold temperature performance manifest more from differences in temperature-dependent growth than acute *** intraspecific variation in cold tolerance increases our understanding of the role of climatic gradients on the physiology of an invasive species,and contributes to tools for predicting further expansion.

关键词： chill coma recovery forest insect geographic gradient Lymantria dispar spring cold spell thermal performance