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Towards Disaggregate Dynamic Travel Forecasting Models

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2007年第2期12卷 115-130页

作者： Moshe Ben-Akiva jon Bottom Song Gao Haris N. Koutsopoulos Yang Wen Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Room 1-181 Cambridge MA 02139 USA CRA International 200 Clarendon Street T-33 Boston MA 02116 USA Caliper Corporation 1172 Beacon Street Newton MA 02461 USA Northeastern University 437 Snell Engineering Center Boston MA 02115 USA

The authors argue that travel forecasting models should be dynamic and disaggregate in their representation of demand, supply, and supply-demand interactions, and propose a framework for such models. The proposed framework consists of disaggregate activity-based representation of travel choices of individual motorists on the demand side integrated with disaggregate dynamic modeling of network performance, through vehicle-based traffic simulation models on the supply side. The demand model generates individual members of the population and assigns to them socioeconomic characteristics. The generated motorists maintain these characteristics when they are loaded on the network by the supply model. In an equilibrium setting, the framework lends itself to a fixed-point formulation to represent and resolve demand-supply interactions. The paper discusses some of the remaining development challenges and presents an example of an existing travel forecasting model system that incorporates many of the proposed elements.

关键词： disaggregate dynamic travel forecasting

A reconnaissance of Cu isotopic compositions of hydrothermal vein-type copper deposit, Jinman, Yunnan, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第3期47卷 247-250页

作者： JIANG Shaoyong jon Woodhead YU Jimin PAN Jiayong LIAO Oiling WU Nanping State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Earth Sciences Melbourne UniversityVic 3010Australia

The Jinman deposit is a low-temperature hydrothermal vein-type copper deposit, which occurs along faults and fractures within Middle Jurassic sandstone and mudstone units of the Lanping-Simao Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin of Yunnan Province. In this note, we report for the first time the Cu isotopic compositions of Cu-sulfides from the Jinman deposit. The data show large variations and low δ65Cu values of -3.70‰ to +0.30‰, which are in sharp con-trast to the δ65Cu values of high-temperature mag-matic-hydrothermal copper deposits (-0.62‰ to +0.40‰) and the modern ocean-floor massive sulfide deposits (-0.48‰ to +1.15‰). It is suggested that the Cu isotope fractionation at Jinman is affected mainly by the following factors, i.e. a low temperature of ore formation (150-286℃); a sedimen-tary source for ore materials; various stages of ore deposition; and involvement of organic matter in the ore-forming proc-esses.

关键词： Cu isotopes Cu-sulfides hydrothermal vein-type deposit Jinman Yunnan.

Physiological Responses to Agonist-Antagonist Superset Resistance Training

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 355-363页

作者： Julius Fink Brad jon Schoenfeld Mikako Sakamaki-Sunaga Koichi Nakazato Department of Urology Graduate School of MedicineJuntendo University2-1-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8421Japan Department of Health Sciences Lehman CollegeBronxNYUSA Graduate Schools of Health and Sport Science Nippon Sport Science UniversityTokyoJapan

Purpose To investigate the physiological responses to low-load,superset resistance training(two exercises for the agonist and antagonist muscles performed without rest between exercises)to failure using elastic *** Twenty-three athletes were randomized to either a superset group(S,n=12,average age:19.8±1.5 years)or a traditional set group(T,n=11,average age:20.1±1.4 years).Strength,cross-sectional area(CSA)and muscular endurance of the biceps and triceps brachii were assessed before and after 8 *** responses(muscle thickness)were measured during one testing *** Muscle thickness of the biceps significantly increased in both T group(P0.05)or S group(P>0.05).Blood lactate also increased in both groups after one bout of training(T:from 1.3±0.3 to 5.5±2.4 mmol/L,S:from 1.4±0.5 to 5.1±1.5 mmol/L,P<0.05).After 8-week training,both groups showed significant increases in the biceps(T:13.2%±5.0%;S:12.9%±7.3%,P<0.05)and triceps(T:9.5%±9.3%,S:4.8%±4.1%,P<0.05)without differences between *** in one repetition maximum for the bench press(7.8%±6.5%,P<0.05)and maximal voluntary contraction for the arm extensors(9.3%±11.6%,P<0.05)were observed for the T group *** in muscular endurance were observed only in the S group for the bench press(26.0%±19.1%,P<0.05)and the barbell curl(17.2%±16.6%,P<0.05).Conclusions Superset training may enhance muscular endurance while attenuating maximal strength *** does not appear to be a hypertrophic benefit to performing superset training,but it may provide a time-efficient strategy to achieve adaptations in muscle mass.

关键词： Muscle hypertrophy Strength Endurance Thickness Cross-sectional area

Vehicle fuel from biogas with carbon membranes; a comparison between simulation predictions and actual field demonstration

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第3期3卷 266-276页

作者： Shamim Haider Arne Lindbrathen jon Arvid Lie Petter Vattekar Carstensen ThorbjØrn Johannessen May-Britt Hagg Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNUDepartment of Chemical Engineering

The energy contents of biogas could be significantly enhanced by upgrading it to vehicle fuel quality.A pilot-scale separation plant based on carbon hollow fiber membranes for upgrading biogas to vehicle fuel quality was constructed and operated at the biogas plant,Gl?r IKS,Lillehammer *** fuel quality according to Swedish legislation was successfully achieved in a single stage separation *** raw biogas from anaerobic digestion of food waste contained 64±3 mol%CH_4,30–35 mol%CO_2 and less than one percent of N_2 and a minor amount of other *** raw biogas was available at 1.03 bar with a maximum flow rate of 60 Nm^3h^(à1).Pre-treatment of biogas was performed to remove bulk H_2O and H_2S contents up to the required limits in the vehicle fuel before entering to membrane *** membrane separation plant was designed to process 60 Nm^3h^(à1)of raw biogas at pressure up to 21 *** initial tests were,however,performed for the feed flow rate of 10 Nm^3h^(à1)at 21 *** successful operation of the pilot plant separation was continuously run for 192 h(8days).The CH_4 purity of 96%and maximum CH_4 recovery of 98%was reached in a short-term test of 5 *** permeate stream contained over20 mol%CH_4which could be used for the heating *** Hysys~?was integrated with Chem Brane(in-house developed membrane model)to run the simulations for estimation of membrane area and energy requirement of the pilot *** estimation was performed based on simulation data and later compared with actual field results.

关键词： Biogas upgrading Pilot-scale demonstration Membrane separation Process simulations

Site survey and assessment for the planned seismogeodynamic monitoring network in the Republic of Armenia

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Earthquake Science 2022年第6期35卷 510-518页

作者： jon Karapetyan Li Li Eduard Geodakyan Songyong Yuan Roza Karapetyan Institute of Geophysics and Engineering Seismology after A.Nazarov National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of ArmeniaGyumri 3115Armenia Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

We present results of a detailed analysis of data obtained from seismic geodynamic field studies conducted at proposed sites for the development of advanced seismic monitoring stations in the Republic of *** studies aim to determine the background seismic and geodynamic noise level around such ***,based on the received data and international standards,nine survey points were classified into respective classes according to their noise *** also calculated minimum significant earthquake magnitude detectable by the proposed seismic network in different regions of Armenia and mapped it based on recorded regional *** resulting map indicates that the proposed seismic monitoring network will provide homogenous initial data for the various seismically active regions of the territory of the Republic of Armenia.

关键词： seismic noise GNSS geodynamic spectral analysis seismic network

Mafic Archean continental crust prohibited exhumation of orogenic UHP eclogite

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 411-420页

作者： Richard M.Palin James D.P.Moore Zeming Zhang Guangyu Huang jon Wade Brendan Dyck Department of Earth Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX13ANUnited Kingdom Earth Observatory of Singapore Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Institute of Geophysics SGEESVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelowna V1V 1V7Canada

The absence of ultrahigh pressure(UHP)orogenic eclogite in the geological record older than c.0.6 Ga is problematic for evidence of subduction having begun on Earth during the Archean(4.0-2.5 Ga).Many eclogites in Phanerozoic and Proterozoic terranes occur as mafic boudins encased within low-density felsic crust,which provides positive buoyancy during subduction;however,recent geochemical proxy analysis shows that Archean continental crust was more mafic than previously thought,having greater proportions of basalt and komatiite than modern-day ***,we show via petrological modelling that secular change in the petrology and bulk composition of upper continental crust would make Archean continental terranes negatively buoyant in the mantle before reaching UHP *** or delaminated Archean continental crust passes a point of no return during metamorphism in the mantle prior to the stabilization of coesite,while Proterozoic and Phanerozoic terranes remain positively buoyant at these *** orogenic eclogite may thus readily have formed on the Archean Earth,but could not have been exhumed,weakening arguments for a Neoproterozoic onset of subduction and plate ***,isostatic balance calculations for more mafic Archean continents indicate that the early Earth was covered by a global ocean over 1 km deep,corroborating independent isotopic evidence for large-scale emergence of the continents no earlier than c.3 *** findings thus weaken arguments that early life on Earth likely emerged in shallow subaerial ponds,and instead support hypotheses involving development at hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean.

关键词： Archean Eclogite Exhumation Secular change Geodynamics Density

REVEILLE 7 inhibits the expression of the circadian clock gene EARLY FLOWERING 4 to fine-tune hypocotyl growth in response to warm temperatures

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第7期64卷 1310-1324页

作者： Ying-Ying Tian Wei Li Mei-Jing Wang Jin-Yu Li Seth jon Davis Jian-Xiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO105DDUK

The circadian clock maintains the daily rhythms of plant growth and anticipates predictable ambient temperature *** evening complex(EC),comprising EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3),ELF4,and LUX ARRHYTHMO,plays an essential role in suppressing thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth by negatively regulating PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4)activity and its downstream targets in Arabidopsis ***,how EC activity is attenuated by warm temperatures remains ***,we demonstrate that warm temperature-induced REVEILLE7(RVE7)fine-tunes thermoresponsive growth in Arabidopsis by repressing ELF4 ***7 transcript and RVE7 protein levels increased in response to warm *** warm temperature conditions,an rve7 loss-of-function mutant had shorter hypocotyls,while overexpressing RVE7 promoted hypocotyl ***4 accumulation and downstream transcriptional effects were reduced in the rve7 mutant but enhanced in RVE7 overexpression plants under warm ***7 associates with the Evening Element in the ELF4 promoter and directly represses its ***4 is epistatic to RVE7,and overexpressing ELF4 suppressed the phenotype of the RVE7 overexpression line under warm temperature ***,our results identify RVE7 as an important regulator of thermoresponsive growth that functions(in part)by controlling ELF4 transcription,highlighting the importance of ELF4 for thermomorphogenesis in plants.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana ELF4 hypocotyl growth RVE7 warm temperature

Irritable bowel syndrome: Physicians' awareness and patients' experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第28期18卷 3715-3720页

作者： Linda Bjork Olafsdottir Hallgrímur Gudjonsson Heidur Hrund jonsdottir jon Steinar jonsson Einar Bjornsson Bjarni Thjodleifsson Department of Gastroenterology Landspitali Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Hringbraut 101 Reykjavik Iceland The Social Science Research Institute University of Iceland Saemundargotu 2 101 Reykjavik Iceland Gardabaer Health Centre Gardatorgi 7 210 Gardabae Iceland

AIM: To study if and how physicians use the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) diagnostic criteria and to assess treatment strategies in IBS patients. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 191 physicians regarding IBS criteria, diagnostic methods and treatment. Furthermore, 94 patients who were diagnosed with IBS underwent telephone interview. RESULTS: A total of 80/191 (41.9%) physicians responded to the survey. Overall, 13 patients were diag-nosed monthly with IBS by specialists in gastroenterology (SGs) and 2.5 patients by general practitioners (GPs). All the SGs knew of the criteria to diagnose IBS, as did 46/70 (65.7%) GPs. Seventy-nine percent used the patient's history, 38% used a physical examination, and 38% exclusion of other diseases to diagnose IBS. Only 18/80 (22.5%) physicians used specific IBS criteria. Of the patients interviewed, 59/94 (62.8%) knew they had experienced IBS. Two out of five patients knew IBS and had seen a physician because of IBS symptoms. Half of those received a diagnosis of IBS. A total of 13% were satisfied with treatment. IBS affected daily activities in 43% of cases. CONCLUSION: Half of the patients with IBS who consulted a physician received a diagnosis. Awareness and knowledge of diagnostic criteria for IBS differ between SGs and GPs.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Questionnaire study Diagnostic criteria Manning criteria Rome criteria Physician knowledge

National Land Cover Database 2019:A New Strategy for Creating Clean Leaf-On and Leaf-Off Landsat Composite Images

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Journal of Remote Sensing

Journal of Remote Sensing 2023年第1期3卷 35-47页

作者： Suming Jin jon Dewitz Patrick Danielson Brian Granneman Catherine Costello Kelcy Smith Zhe Zhu US Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)Center Sioux FallsSD 57198USA KBR Contractor to the US Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)CenterSioux FallsSD 57198USA US Geoloegical Survey Geosciences and Environmental Change Science CenterPO Box 25046DFCMS 980DenverCO 80225USA Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

National Land Cover Database(NLCD)2019 is a new epoch of national land cover products for the conterminous United *** quality is fundamental to the quality of any land cover *** preprocessing has often taken a considerable proportion of overall time and effort for this kind of national *** approach to prepare image inputs for NLCD 2019 production was developed to ensure efficiency and quality of operational ***,we introduce a new and comprehensive strategy to produce clear Landsat composite images for NLCD 2019 ***,we developed a new median-value compositing ***,we designed parameter settings for selecting images and pixels to generate 4 composite images(leaf-on,leaf-off,primary reference,and complementary reference)for a target year based on the US Landsat Analysis Ready Data surface reflectance ***,we developed a method,referred to as Detection and Filling with Simulated Image,to detect and replace clouds and cloud shadow pixels to produce the final clean leaf-on and leaf-off image *** image compositing and processing strategy was implemented for the entire conterminous United States to produce images for NLCD *** image results and NLCD 2019 change detection and land cover products,which were released in July 2021,showed this new strategy to be effective and efficient.

关键词： Image Clean Database