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tNM staging update for lung cancer:Why is this important?

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World Journal of Radiology 2012年第4期4卷 126-127页

作者： john t murchison Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH13 0RAScotlandUnited Kingdom

Cancer staging characterises the extent of disease facilitating selection of the most appropriate management and therapy and providing prediction of *** understanding of lung cancer evolves the opportunities arises to adjust disease *** adoption of the 7th edition tumour,node,metastasis staging system should result in improved treatment selection and more accurate prognostic information for the individual patient.

关键词： Lung cancer tumour Node Metastasis Staging

Lung cancer screening: Computed tomography or chest radiographs?

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World Journal of Radiology 2015年第8期7卷 189-193页

作者： Edwin JR van Beek Saeed Mirsadraee john t murchison Clinical Research Imaging Centre Queen’s Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Department of Radiology Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

Worldwide, lung cancer is the leading cause of mortalitydue to malignancy. the vast majority of cases of lung cancer are smoking related and the most effective way of reducing lung cancer incidence and mortality is by smoking cessation. In the Western world, smoking cessation policies have met with limited success. the other major means of reducing lung cancer deaths is to diagnose cases at an earlier more treatable stage employing screening programmes using chest radiographs or low dose computed tomography. In many countries smoking is still on the increase, and the sheer scale of the problem limits the affordability of such screening programmes. this short review article will evaluate the current evidence and potential areas of research which may benefit policy making across the world.

关键词： Lung cancer Chest radiograph Computed tomography Screening Health economics

targeting trkB–PSD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang john Marshall Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

tropomyosin receptor kinase B(trkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic trkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with trkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss trkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of trkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with trkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated trkB.t1 *** trkB agonists and antibodies that activate trkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human trkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** trkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost trkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity trkB

Incidental meandering right pulmonary vein,literature review and proposed nomenclature revision

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World Journal of Radiology 2013年第5期5卷 215-219页

作者： Mark Alexander Rodrigues Gillian Ritchie john tallach murchison Department of Radiology Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghScotland EH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

We report a case of an anomalous pulmonary vein on chest X-ray resembling a scimitar sign in an 80-year-old female undergoing investigation of *** computed tomography(Ct) with multiplanar reformatting and maximum intensity projections demonstrated an aberrant right inferior pulmonary vein coursing inferomedially towards the diaphragm before turning superiorly and draining normally into the left *** diagnosis of an incidental meandering right pulmonary vein was *** case is used to review the literature on this rare pulmonary anomaly,including pathogenesis,its relationship with scimitar syndrome and scimitar variant,and diagnosis,with an emphasis on the role modern Ct techniques can play in noninvasive diagnosis.A revision to the nomenclature of pulmonary vascular anomalies is proposed to help reduce confusion in the literature.

关键词： Incidental findings Pulmonary veins/abnor-malities Scimitar syndrome/radiography tomography X-ray computed

Extended pelvic side wall excision for locally advanced rectal cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第46期23卷 8261-8262页

作者： Irshad A Shaikh john t Jenkins Department of Surgery Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital St Mark’s Hospital

Extended pelvic side wall excision is a useful technique for treatment of recurrent or advanced rectal cancer involving sciatic notch and does not compromise the dissection of major pelvic vessels and vascular control.

关键词： Recurrent rectal cancers Extended pelvic side wall excision Pelvic side wall excision Advanced rectal cancers

Historically significant events in the discovery of RANK/RANKL/OPG

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2013年第4期4卷 186-197页

作者： t john Martin Department of Medicine and St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research University of MelbourneFitzroy 3065 Victoria Australia

After it was suggested 30 years ago that the osteoblast lineage controlled the formation of osteoclasts, methods were developed that established this to be the case, but the molecular controls were elusive. Over more than a decade much evidence was obtained for signaling mechanisms that regulated the production of a membrane- bound regulator of osteoclastogenesis, in the course of which intercellular communication in bone was revealed in its complexity. the discovery of regulation by tumor necrosis factor ligand and receptor families was made in the last few years of the twentieth century, leading since then to a new physiology of bone, and to exciting drug development.

关键词： Receptor activator of nuclear factorκB ligand Osteoprotegerin Receptor activator of nuclear factorκB Osteoclasts Bone biology

Identification of isopeptidase activity in the midgut of insects： Purification, properties and nutritional ecology of a Hofmannophila pseudospretella （Lepidoptera： Oecophoridae） larval enzyme

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 325-334页

作者： Robert M. Simpson john t. Christeller Plant and Food Research Institute Tennant Drive Palmerston North 4474 Private Bag 11 030 New Zealand

A γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （isopeptidase） has been purified 580-fold to homogeneity from the midgut of keratinophagous larvae of Hofmannophila pseudospretella. the enzyme is a single polypeptide of molecular mass 80 kDa. the enzyme was identified by its hydrolytic activity against the synthetic substrate, γ-glutamyl-AMC, its molecular mass and inhibition profile compared to other γ-glutamyl transpeptidases. the enzyme is low or absent from most other insect digestive systems apart from other keratinophagous lepidopteran larvae and predatory carabids. While isopepfide bonds are present in high levels of the proteins in the diet of keratinophages, their presence in the diet of predatory beetles has not been established.

关键词： γ-glutamyl transpeptidase Hofmannophila pseudospretella isopeptidase,keratinophagous nutritional ecology

Assessing impacts of energy storage on resilience of distribution systems against hurricanes

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第4期7卷 731-740页

作者： Hieu t.NGUYEN john W.MUHS Masood PARVANIA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

this paper develops a comprehensive framework to analyze the impact of energy storage on improving the resilience of distribution systems against *** paper first develops a spatio-temporal model of progressing hurricane when making landfall that can be used to anticipate outage scenarios caused by the gust-wind *** optimization model is then developed for optimizing the operation of distribution systems during hurricane that captures both pre-outage and post-outage network operation *** simulations are performed on the modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system with real hurricane data in Houston to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

关键词： Resilience Hurricane Energy storage Distribution system

A novel dual-material probe for in situ measurement of particle charge densities in gas-solid fluidized beds

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Particuology 2015年第4期13卷 20-31页

作者： Chuan He Xiaotao t.Bi john R.Grace Fluidization Research Centre Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe University of British Columbia

Particle charge density is vitally important for monitoring electrostatic charges and understanding particle charging behavior in fluidized beds. In this paper, a dual-material probe was tested in a gas-solid fluidized bed for measuring the charge density of fluidized particles. the experiments were conducted in a two-dimensional fluidized bed with both single bubble injection and freely bubbling, at various particle charge densities and superficial gas velocities. Uniformly sized glass beads were used to eliminate complicating factors at this early stage of probe development. Peak currents, extracted from dynamic signals, were decoupled to determine charge densities of bed particles, which were found to be qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with charge densities directly measured by Faraday cup from the freely bubbling fluidized bed. the current signals were also decoupled to estimate bubble rise velocities, which were found to be in reasonable agreement with those obtained directly by analyzing video images.

关键词： Electrostatics Particle charge density Dual-material collision probe Signal decoupling Fluidized bed Bubble rise velocity