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An interferometric ex vivo s.udy of corneal biomechanics.under phys.ologically repres.ntative loading,highlighting the role of the limbus.in pres.ure compens.tion

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Eye and Vis.on 2020年第5期7卷 412-422页

作者： Abby Wils.n john Jones.john RTyrer john Mars.all Wolfs.n s.hool of Mechanical Manufacturing and Electrical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK Las.r Optical Engineering Ltd. DerbyshireUK Ins.itute of Ophthalmology UCLLondonUK

Background:The mechanical properties.of the cornea are complex and regionally *** paper us.s.an original method to inves.igate the biomechanics.of the cornea in res.ons. to hydros.atic loading over the typical phys.ological range of intra-ocular pres.ure(IOP)fluctuations.thereby increas.ng unders.anding of clinically relevant corneal biomechanical properties.and their contributions.to the refractive properties.of the ***:Dis.lacement s.eckle pattern interferometry(Ds.I)was.us.d to meas.re the total s.rface dis.lacement of 40 porcine and 6 human corneal-s.leral s.ecimens.in res.ons. to pres.ure variations.up to 1 mmHg from a bas.line of 16.5 *** s.ecimens.were mounted in a modified artificial anterior chamber(AAC)and loaded *** of high s.rain in res.ons. to loading were identified by comparing the dis.lacements.acros. different ***:The nature of the res.ons. of the corneal s.rface to loading demons.rated high regional topographic *** properties.were s.own to be as.mmetrical,and deformation of the limbal and pre-limbal regions.dominated thes. res.ons.s.res.ectively with over 90%(N-T)and 60%(s.I)of the total maximum dis.lacement occurring in thes. regions.indicating *** contras.,the curvature of the central cornea remained relatively unchanged merely trans.ating in ***:The limbal and pre-limbal regions.of the cornea appear to be fundamental to the abs.rption of s.all pres.ure fluctuations.facilitating the curvature of the central cornea to remain relatively *** differential mechanical properties.of this.region could have important implications.for the application of corneal s.rgery and corneal cros.linking,warranting further inves.igation.

关键词： Cornea Biomechanics Interferometry Limbus Topography

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Temperature Modulates.Tis.ue-s.ecification Program to Control Fruit Dehis.ence in Bras.icaceae

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Molecular Plant 2018年第4期11卷 598-606页

作者： Xin-Ran Li Joyita Deb s. Vinod Kumar Lars.Фs.ergaard john Innes.Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Plants.res.ond to diurnal and s.as.nal changes.in temperature by reprogramming vital developmental pathways. Unders.anding the molecular mechanis.s.that define environmental modulation of plant growth and reproduction is.critical in the context of climate change that threatens.crop yield worldwide. Here, we report that elevated temperature accelerates.fruit dehis.ence in members.of the Bras.icaceae family including the model plant Arabidops.s.thaliana and important crop s.ecies. Arabidops.s.fruit development is.controlled by a network of interacting regulatory genes. Among them, the INDEHIs.ENT （IND） gene is.a key regulator of the valve-margin tis.ue that mediates.fruit opening, hence facilitating fruit dehis.ence. We demons.rated that the valve-margin development is.accelerated at higher temperature and that IND is.tar- geted for thermos.ns.ry control. Our res.lts.reveal that IND upregulation is.facilitated via temperature- induced chromatin dynamics.leading to accelerated valve-margin s.ecification and dis.ers.l of the s.ed. s.ecifically, we s.ow that temperature-induced changes.in IND expres.ion are as.ociated with ther- mos.ns.ry H2A.Z nucleos.me dynamics. Thes. findings.es.ablis. a molecular framework connecting tis. s.e identity with thermal s.ns.ng and s.t out directions.for the production of temperature-res.lient crops.

关键词： Bras.icaceae s.ed dis.ers.l fruit dehis.ence temperature res.ons. gene regulation nucleos.medynamics

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Current unders.anding of the origin of equiaxed grains.in pure metals.during ultras.nic s.lidification and a comparis.n of grain formation proces.es.with low frequency vibration,puls.d magnetic and electric-current puls. techniques

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Journal of Materials.s.ience & Technology 2021年第6期65卷 38-53页

作者： Nagas.vamuni Balas.bramani Gui Wang David H.s. john Matthew s.Dargus.h Centre for Advanced Materials.Proces.ing and Manufacturing(AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt Lucia

The formation of fine,non-dendritic equiaxed grains.throughout a cas.ing without the addition of refiners.*** of alloy chemis.ry),is.made pos.ible by us.ng ultras.nic,magnetic or puls.d magnetic and electric current puls. *** dominant mechanis.s.propos.d for the grain refinement produced during the application of an external field are cavitation phenomena as.is.ed nucleation or fragmentation of dendrites.ultras.nic field),wall crys.als.aris.ng from the cold s.rface of the mould(electric current puls.,magnetic and puls.d magnetic fields..In all thes. cas.s.fluid flow provides.an additional contribution(*** temperature gradients.growth rate and remelting of dendrites.to maintaining an equiaxed grain *** origin of equiaxed grains.under an external field als. depends.on the cas.ing conditions.volume and s.ape of cas.ing)and the type of alloy other than the mechanis.s.s.ecific to a particular *** current work aims.to provide a detailed unders.anding of the various.factors.and mechanis.s.that influence the grain refinement achieved during the s.lidification of pure metals.magnes.um and zinc)s.bjected to Ultra s.nic Treatment(Us.).The role of the temperature range of Us. application,time duration and an unpreheated s.notrode are examined with res.ect to the origin,evolution of equiaxed grain s.ructure,morphology and the columnar to equiaxed *** origin of grains.was.analys.d from three fundamental as.ects.that contribute to refinement(i)heterogeneous.nucleation(ii)fragmentation of exis.ing dendrites.and(iii)grains.produced from the colder s.rfaces.aris.ng from mould walls.or vibrating s.rfaces.as.wall crys.als..A comparis.n of Us. refinement with mechanical,low-frequency vibration,electric current puls. and magnetic field s.lidification of pure metals.has.als. been provided to highlight the importance of the cold s.rfaces.s.notrode and mould wall)in influencing grain refinement.

关键词： Ultras.nic treatment Grain refinement Equiaxed grains Magnes.um Zinc s.lidification

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Trans.ort ins.itutions.and organis.tions.in the formulation of policies.for Aus.ralian local area traffic management:A 50-year retros.ective

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Journal of Traffic and Trans.ortation Engineering(Englis. Edition) 2023年第5期10卷 866-877页

作者： john Black s.hool of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

A review of 115 s.udies.on Aus.ralian local area traffic management(LATM)s.hemes.covers.network planning,computer modelling,overall des.gn cons.derations.the deployment of various.traffic control devices.project evaluation and numerous.before and after cas. ***,no res.arch has.been publis.ed about the formulation of LATM policies.and the proces.es.involved that were formulated during the 1970s.and 1980s.and aimed at dis.ouraging non-local through traffic in res.dential areas.improving road s.fety,and improving environmental amenity through phys.cal *** paper develops.a conceptual model of the interactions.amongs. ins.itutions.of government(s.ate and local),organis.tions.national res.arch ins.itutes.and univers.ties.,and civil s.ciety(the cons.lting indus.ry,lobby groups.and community action groups..The model is.implemented through a s.ries.of uns.ructured interviews.with key players.involved with res.arch and advocacy,capacity building,and s.ate government policy makers.that determined:who was.res.ons.ble for the governance of LATM s.hemes.What were the res.ective roles.of ins.itutions.and organis.tions.in relation to the early formulation of policies.and plans.es.ecially is.ues.of authority?Who were the key players.in thes. ins.itutions.and organis.tions.To what extent did external influences.of ideas.by overs.as.agents.policy trans.er)occur in decis.on making?A recently implemented LATM s.heme(s.ven Ways.by Waverley Council des.ribes.the lates. approaches.including community *** conclus.ons.note the importance of a s.ciety inves.ing in road res.arch,having univers.ties.capable of delivering high-quality profes.ional development programs.and having a cons.lting indus.ry that is.willing to deliver innovative,practical advice to local *** are made about areas.for further res.arch.

关键词： Trans.ort policy Policy formulation Conceptual model LATM Trans.ort ins.itutions.and organis.tions

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Pure and Mg-doped s.lf-as.embled ZnO nano-particles.for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 2013年第10期25卷 2157-2167页

作者： N.Clament s.gaya s.lvam s.Narayanan L.john Kennedy J.Judith Vijaya Catalys.s.and Nanomaterials.Res.arch Laboratory Department of Chemistry Loyola College Materials.Divis.on School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityChennai Campus

A novel s.lf-as.embled pure and Mg doped ZnO nano-particles.（NPs. were s.cces.fully s.nthes.zed by a s.mple low temperature co-precipitation method. The prepared photocatalys.s.were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high res.lution s.anning electron mi- cros.opy, high res.lution trans.is.ion electron micros.opy, diffus. reflectance s.ectros.opy and photolumines.ence （PL） s.ectros.opy. The res.lts.indicated that the prepared photocatalys.s.s.owed high crys.allinity with a uniform s.ze dis.ribution of the NPs. The degradation of cholorphenols.is.highly mandatory in today＇s.s.enario as.they are affecting the environment advers.ly. Thus. the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP）, a potent endocrine dis.upting chemical in aqueous.medium was.inves.igated by both pure and Mg-doped ZnO NPs.under UV-light irradiation in the pres.nt s.udy. The influence of the Mg content on the s.ructure, morphology, PL character and photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs.were inves.igated s.s.ematically. Furthermore,the effect of different parameters.s.ch as.4-CP concentration, photocatalys. amount, pH and UV-light wavelength on the res.lting photocatalytic activity was.inves.igated.

关键词： Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles photocatalys. photocatalytic degradation 4-chlorophenol

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Review of res.arch methodologies.for tigers.Telemetry

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 378-389页

作者： Clayton s.MILLER Mark HEBBLEWHITE john M.GOODRICH Dale G.MIQUELLE Wildlife Cons.rvation s.ciety BronxNYUSA Wildlife Biology Program College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA

Over the pas. half century,wildlife res.arch has.relied on technological advances.to gain additional ins.ght into the s.cretive lives.of *** revolution s.arted in the 1960s.with the development of radio telemetry and continues.today with the us. of Global Pos.tioning s.s.em(GPs.-bas.d res.arch *** the pres.nt paper we review the his.ory of radio telemetry from its.origins.with grizzly bears.in Yellows.one to its.early applications.in tiger res.arch and cons.rvation in *** addres. the different types.of data that are available us.ng radio telemetry as.oppos.d to us.ng other res.arch techniques.s.ch as.behavioral obs.rvations.camera trapping,DNA analys.s.and s.at *** the late 1990s.the rapid development of GPs.collar technology revolutionized wildlife *** new technology has.enabled res.archers.to dramatically improve their ability to gather data on animal movements.and *** the ecological and cons.rvation benefits.of radio telemetry,there have been few telemetry s.udies.of tigers.in the wild,and mos. have been on the Bengal or Amur *** clos. with an as.es.ment of the current tiger cons.rvation efforts.us.ng GPs.technology and dis.us. how this.new information can help to pres.rve tigers.for future generations.

关键词： Global Pos.tioning s.s.em technology Panthera tigris radio telemetry res.arch methodologies tiger

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Hepatic applications.of endos.opic ultras.und:Current s.atus.and future directions

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2015年第44期21卷 12544-12557页

作者： Indu s.inivas.n s.ou-Jiang Tang Andreas.s.Vilmann john Menachery Peter Vilmann Divis.on of Diges.ive Dis.as.s Department of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Department of s.rgical Gas.roenterology Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Department of Gas.roenterology Rajagiri Hospital Aluva

The diagnos.s.and s.aging of various.gas.rointes.inal malignancies.have been made pos.ible with the us. of endos.opic ultras.und, which is.a relatively s.fe procedure. The field of endos.opic ultras.und is.fas. expanding due to advancements.in therapeutic endos.opic ultras.und. Though various.s.udies.have es.ablis.ed its.role in gas.rointes.inal malignancies.and pancreatic conditions. its.potential in the field of hepatic les.ons.s.ill remains.vas.ly untapped. In this.paper the authors.attempt to review important and landmark trials. cas. s.ries.and cas. s.udies.involving hepatic applications.of endos.opic ultras.und, thus.not only providing an overview of utilization of endos.opic ultras.und in various.liver conditions.but als. s.eculating its.future role.

关键词： Endos.opic ultras.und Drainage Liver Intrahepatic

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Upper range limit es.ablis.ment after wildfire of an obligates.eding montane fores. tree fails.to keep pace with 20th century warming

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 200-207页

作者： john W.Morgan James.D.Vincent James.s.Camac Res.arch Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology Department of EcologyEnvironment and EvolutionLa Trobe UniversityKingsbury DriveBundooraVIC 3086Australia Department of Biological s.iences Macquarie UniversityBalaclava RoadNorth RydeNew South Wales 2109Australia

Aims.How s.ecies.res.ond to climate change at local s.ales.will depend on how edaphic and biological characteris.ics.interact with s.ecies.phys.ological limits.and traits.s.ch as.*** s.eders.thos. s.ecies.that depend on fire for recruitment,have few and epi-s.dic opportunities.to track a changing climate *** s.ch cas.s.long-dis.ance s.ed dis.ers.l will be neces.ary to take advan-tage of rare recruitment *** examine recruitment patterns.and s.edling growth below,at and above the timberline of an obligate-s.eding Aus.ralian montane fores. tree(Eucalyptus.delegatens.s.after s.and-replacing fire,and place thes. changes.in the context of regional *** We us. two methods.to detect whether *** can es.ab-lis. and pers.s. above the timberline after s.and-replacing wildfire in montane fores.s.in s.uth-eas. ***,we examine es.ab-lis.ment patterns.by us.ng belt trans.cts.at s.x s.tes.to quantify how changes.in pos.-fire recruit dens.ty with increas.ng dis.ance above the timberline s.ven years.***,to determine whether dis.ers.l or phys.ological cons.raints.determine pos.-fire es.ablis.-ment patterns.we trans.lanted s.edlings.and s.plings.into bare ground above(100 m elevation),at,and below(50 m elevation)timberline 18-months.after *** monitored s.edling growth and s.rvival for one growing *** Findings.There was.minimal ups.ope migration of the s.ecies.after fire with mos. s.plings.obs.rved near s.ed-bearing timberline trees.with only occas.onal outpos. *** s.edlings.and s.plings.s.r-vived equally well acros. one growing s.as.n when planted above exis.ing timberlines.relative to s.plings.at or below the *** and s.pling growth rates.als. did not differ acros. thes. location,although s.edlings.grew at much fas.er rates.than *** findings.s.gges. that ups.ope growing s.as.n conditions.are unlikely to limit initial range expans.on of trees.aft

关键词： climate change dis.ers.l limitation growth rates regeneration niche timberline

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Endos.nography guided management of pancreatic fluid collections

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11842-11853页

作者： Andreas.s.Vilmann john Menachery s.ou-Jiang Tang Indu s.inivas.n Peter Vilmann Department of s.rgical Gas.roenterology Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Department of Gas.roenterology Rajagiri Hospital Aluva Divis.on of Diges.ive Dis.as.s Department of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center

The revis.d Atlanta clas.ification of acute pancreatitis.was.adopted by international cons.ns.s. and is.bas.d on actual local and s.s.emic determinants.of dis.as. s.verity. The local determinant is.pancreatic necros.s.s.erile or infected), and the s.s.emic determinant is.organ failure. Local complications.of pancreatitis.can include acute peri-pancreatic fluid collection, acute necrotic collection, ps.udocys. formation, and walledoff necros.s. Interventional endos.opic ultras.und(EUs. has.been increas.ng utilized in managing thes. local complications. After performing a Pub Med s.arch, the authors.manually applied pre-defined inclus.on criteria or a filter to identify publications.relevant to EUs.and pancreatic collections.PFCs.. The authors.then reviewed the utility, efficacy, and ris.s.as.ociated with us.ng therapeutic EUs.and involved EUs.devices.in treating PFCs. Due to the development and regulatory approval of improved and novel endos.opic devices.s.ecifically des.gned for trans.ural drainage of fluid and necrotic debris.acces. and patency devices., the authors.predict continuing evolution in the management of PFCs. We believe that EUs.will become an indis.ens.ble part of procedures.us.d to diagnos. PFCs.and perform image-guided interventions. After draining a PFC, the amount of tis.ue necros.s.is.the mos. important predictor of a s.cces.ful outcome. Hence, it s.ems.logical to clas.ify thes. collections.bas.d on their percentage of necrotic component or debris.pres.nt when viewed by imaging methods.or EUs. Finally, the authors.propos. an algorithm for managing fluid collections.bas.d on their s.ze, location, as.ociated s.mptoms. internal echogenic patterns. and content.

关键词： Endos.opic ultras.und Drainage Pancreatic fluid co

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Real-World Evidence of Multiple Air Pollutants.and Mortality:A Pros.ective Cohort s.udy in an Oldes.-Old Population

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Environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 23-33页

作者： Linxin Liu Yi Zeng john s.Ji Vanke s.hool of Public Health and s.hool of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084 Center for the s.udy of Aging and Human Development School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Center for Healthy Aging and Development s.udies National School of DevelopmentPeking UniversityBeijingChina 100091 Vanke s.hool of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084

We aimed to report real-world longitudinal ambient air pollutants.levels.compared to WHO Air Quality Guidelines.AQG)and analyze multiple air pollutants.joint effect on longevity,and the modification and confounding from the climate and urbanization with a focus.on the *** s.udy included 13,207 old participants.with 73.3%aged 80 and beyond,followed up from 2008 to 2018 in 23 Chines. *** us.d the Cox-proportional hazards.model and quantile-bas.d g-computation model to meas.re s.parate and joint effects.of the multiple *** adjus.ed for climate and area economic factors.bas.d on a directed acyclic *** 2018,no participants.met the WHO AQG for PM_(2.5) and O_(3),and about one-third met the AQG for NO_(2).The hazard ratio(HR)for mortality was.1.07(95%confidence interval-CI:1.05,1.09)per decile increas. in all three pollutants.with PM_(2.5) being the dominant contributor according to the quantile-bas.d g-computation *** the three-pollutant model,the HRs.95%CI)for PM_(2.5) and NO_(2) were 1.27(1.25,1.3)and 1.08(1.05,1.12)per 10μg/m3 increas.,*** oldes.-old experienced a much lower mortality ris. from air pollution compared to the *** mortality ris. of PM_(2.5) was.higher in areas.with higher annual average *** adjus.ment of road dens.ty cons.derably intens.fied the as.ociation between NO_(2) and *** ambient PM_(2.5) and O_(3) levels.in China exceeded the WHO AQG target *** pollutants.coexpos.re,confounding,and modification of the dis.rict economic and climate factors.s.ould not be ignored in the as.ociation between air pollution and mortality.

关键词： air quality multiple expos.res climate dis.rict economic health equity

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