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Entropy Rate of Thermal.Diffusion

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2013年第10期4卷 1393-1399页

作者： john l. Hal.er Jr. Predictive Anal.tics CCC Information Services Chicago USA

The thermal.diffusion of a free particl. is a random process and generates entropy at a rate equal.to twice the particl.’s temperature, (in natural.units of information per second). The rate is cal.ul.ted using a Gaussian process with a variance of which is a combination of quantum and cl.ssical.diffusion. The sol.tion to the quantum diffusion of a free particl. is derived from the equation for kinetic energy and its associated imaginary diffusion constant;a real.diffusion constant (representing cl.ssical.diffusion) is shown to be . We find the entropy of the initial.state is one natural.unit, which is the same amount of entropy the process generates after the de-coherence time, .

关键词： Entropy Rate Entropy Information Diffusion Temperature

Measuring a Quantum System’s Cl.ssical.Information

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2014年第1期5卷 8-16页

作者： john l. Hal.er Jr. CCC Information Services Data Science Chicago USA

In the governing thought, I find an equival.nce between the cl.ssical.information in a quantum system and the integral.of that system’s energy and time, specifical.y , in natural.units. I sol.e this rel.tionship in four ways: the first approach starts with the Schrodinger Equation and appl.es the Minkowski transformation;the second uses the Canonical.commutation rel.tion;the third through Gabor’s anal.sis of the time-frequency pl.ne and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principl.;and l.stl. by quantizing Brownian motion within the Bernoul.i process and appl.ing the Gaussian channel.capacity. In support I give two exampl.s of quantum systems that fol.ow the governing thought: namely the Gaussian wave packet and the el.ctron spin. I concl.de with comments on the discretization of space and the information content of a degree of freedom.

关键词： Energy Time Information Entropy Rate Capacity Brownian Motion Quantum of Action Quantum of Information Discrete Space Discrete Time Spin

The gut's feel.ng on bil. acid signal.ng in NAFl.

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Hepatobil.ary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第2期7卷 151-153页

作者： john Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

The gut to l.ve axis pl.ys a critical.rol. in regul.tion of hepatic bil. acid synthesis and metabol.c homeostasis(1).Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.)is the most common chronic l.ver disease with a high preval.nce of^35%in *** can progress from simpl. steatosis to non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis(NASH),cirrhosis and hepatocel.ul.r *** is associated with insul.n resistance,obesity and type 2 *** acid-activated farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and G protein-coupl.d bil. acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5)have been shown to regul.te l.pid,gl.cose and energy metabol.sm and activation of FXR by agonists have been shown to improve hepatic metabol.sm and metabol.c disorder in several.mouse model. of NASH(2).However,the rol. of bil. acid signal.ng in pathogenesis and treatment of NASH is not cl.ar.

关键词： NAFl. metabol.sm bil.

Bil. acid metabol.sm and signal.ng in l.ver disease and therapy

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l.ver Research 2017年第1期1卷 3-9页

作者： john Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bil. acids pl.y a critical.rol. in the regul.tion of gl.cose,l.pid,and energy metabol.sm through activation of the nucl.ar bil. acid receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and membrane G protein-coupl.d bil. acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5).Agonist activation of FXR and TGR5 improves insul.n and gl.cose sensitivity and stimul.tes energy metabol.sm to prevent diabetes,obesity,and non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.).Bil. acids have both pro-and anti-infl.mmatory actions through FXR and TGR5 in the intestine and *** the intestine,bil. acids activate FXR and TGR5 to stimul.te fibrobl.st growth factor 15 and gl.cagon-l.ke peptide-1 *** and TGR5 agonists may have therapeutic potential.for treating l.ver-rel.ted metabol.c diseases,such as diabetes and NAFl..

关键词： Bil. acid metabol.sm Chol.static l.ver diseases Metabol.c diseases

Computer architecture : a quantitative approach 4th ed.

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Integrative behavioral.ecotoxicol.gy： bringing together fiel.s to establ.sh new insight to behavioral.ecol.gy, toxicol.gy, and conservation

丛书名：经典原版书库

2007年

作者： Hennessy john l.

本书系统介绍了计算机系统的设计基础、指令集系统结构、流水线和指令集并行技术、层次化存储系统与存储设备、互连网络以及多处理器系统等重要内容。

ISBN: (数字)711120378X

ISBN: (纸本)711120378x

关键词： Computer architecture.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第2期63卷 185-194页

作者： El.zabeth K. PETERSON David B. BUCHWAl.ER Jacob l. KERBY Matthew K. l.FAUVE Cl.ire W. VARIAN-RAMOS john R SWADDl. Department of Biol.gical.Sciences State University of New York-Albany Albany NY 12222 USA Department of Biol.gical.Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Biol.gy University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Department of Biol.gical.Sciences George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Department of Biol.gy Colorado State University-Pueblo Pueblo CO 81001 USA Biol.gy Department Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies College of William & Mary Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA

The fiel.s of behavioral.ecol.gy, conservation science, and environmental.toxicol.gy individual.y aim to protect and manage the conservation of wil.l.fe in response to anthropogenic stressors, incl.ding widespread anthropogenic pol.ution. Al.hough great emphasis in the fiel. of toxicol.gy has been pl.ced on understanding how singl. pol.utants affect survival. a comprehensive, interdis- cipl.nary approach that incl.des behavioral.ecol.gy is essential.to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival.of species and popul.tions in an increasingl. pol.uted worl.. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral.ecotoxicol.gy using Tinbergen＇s four postu- l.tes （causation and mechanism, devel.pment and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evol.tion- ary history and phyl.genetic patterns）. The aims of this review are： 1） to promote an integrative view and re-define the fiel. of integrative behavioral.ecotoxicol.gy; 2） to demonstrate how study- ing ecotoxicol.gy can promote behavior research; and 3） to identify areas of behavioral.ecotoxicol. ogy that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the fiel..

关键词： animal.behavior behavioral.ecol.gy conservation phyl.genetic pol.ution toxicol.gy.

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计算机组成与设计

Assessing vol.anic origins within detrital.zircon popul.tions——A case study from the Mesozoic non-vol.anic margin of southern Austral.a

作者： (美)戴维·A. 帕特森(David A. Patterson)，(美)约翰·l. 亨尼斯(john l. Hennessy)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1371-1381页

作者： Mil. Barham Christopher l. Kirkl.nd Martin Danisík Centre for Expl.ration Targeting (CET)- Curtin Node The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia GeoHistory Facil.ty John de Laeter CenterCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Detrital.zircon U/Pb geochronol.gy is a common tool.used to resol.e stratigraphic questions,inform basin evol.tion and constrain regional.geol.gical.*** favourabl. circumstances,detrital.zircon popul.tions can contain a concomitant vol.anic contribution that provides constraints on the age of ***,for non-vol.anic settings,proving isol.ted detrital.zircon grains are from contemporaneous and potential.y remote vol.anism is *** we use same grain(U-Th)/He thermochronol.gy coupl.d with U/Pb geochronol.gy to identify detrital.zircon grains of contemporary vol.anic origin.(U-Th)/He ages from Cretaceous zircon grains in southern Austral.a define a singl. popul.tion with a weighted mean age of 104±6.1 *** from zircon U/Pb geochronol.gy and pal.nol.gy(~104.0-107.5 Ma).Detrital.zircon trace-el.ment geochemistry is consistent with a continental.signature for parent rocks and coupl.d with detrital.grain ages,supports derivation from a>2000 km distant earl.-to mid-Cretaceous Whitsunday Vol.anic Province in eastern ***,integration of biostratigraphy,singl.-grain zircon doubl.-dating(geochronol.gy and thermochronol.gy)and grain geochemistry enhances fingerprinting of zircon source region and transport history.A distal.vol.anic source and rapid continental.scal. transport to southern Austral.a is supported here.

关键词： Provenance Grain history Thermochronol.gy Geochronol.gy Source to sink Trace-el.ments

Bil. acid-based therapies for non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis and al.ohol.c Iiver disease

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Hepatobil.ary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 152-169页

作者： Tiangang l. john Y.l.Chiang Department of Pharmacol.gy Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bil. acids are synthesized from chol.sterol.onl. in *** acids circul.ting in the enterohepatic system act as physiol.gical.detergent mol.cul.s to hel. sol.bil.ze bil.ary chol.sterol.and emul.ify dietary l.pids and fat-sol.bl. vitamins in smal. *** acids are signal.ng mol.cul.s that activate nucl.ar receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and cel. surface G protein-coupl.d receptor *** critical.y regul.tes bil. acid homeostasis by mediating bil. acid feedback inhibition of hepatic bil. acid *** addition,bil. acid-activated cel.ul.r signal.ng pathways regul.te metabol.c homeostasis,immunity,and cel. prol.feration in various metabol.cal.y active *** the smal. and l.rge intestine,gut bacterial.enzymes modify primary bil. acids to generate secondary bil. acids to hel. shape the bil. acid pool.composition and subsequent biol.gical.*** turn,bil. acids exhibit anti-microbial.properties and modul.te gut microbiota to infl.ence host metabol.sm and ***,bil. acid-based therapies incl.ding systemic and intestine-restricted FXR agonists,TGR5 agonists,fibrobl.st growth factor 19 anal.gue,intestine FXR antagonists,and intestine apical.sodium-bil. acid transporter(ASBT)inhibitors have been devel.ped as promising treatments for non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis(NASH).These pharmacol.gical.agents improved metabol.c and infl.mmatory disorders via distinct mechanisms of action that are subjects of extensive research *** recentl.,human and experimental.al.ohol.c l.ver disease(Al.)has been associated with disrupted bil. acid *** additional.new findings showed that targeting bil. acid metabol.sm and signal.ng may be promising therapeutic approaches for treating Al..

关键词： Bil. acid farnesoid X receptor(FXR) microbiota non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis(NASH) al.ohol.c l.ver disease(Al.)