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Adjuvant Rec.al Dic.ofenac.for Post Operative Analgesia after c.esarean Sec.ion—A Randomized c.ntrolled Study

Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第4期14卷 591-609页

作者： Eziaha Eric.S. Ede Ayodele A. Olaleye john c. irechukwu Uc.enna Nelson Nwaedu Bornifac. N. Ejikeme Vinc.nt c.idiebere Ali Bartholomew I. Olinya Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

BAc.GROUND: Pain management following c.esarean sec.ion still remains a c.allenge in our environment. Most potent analgesic. are either not readily available or expensive. Dic.ofenac.suppository is an NSAID that c.n be used for postoperative analgesia. It is available and affordable. OBJEc.IVE: To c.mpare the effic.c. and safety of c.mbined rec.al dic.ofenac.and intramusc.lar pentazoc.ne with intramusc.lar pentazoc.ne alone for post operative pain c.ntrol following lower segment c.esarean sec.ion. METHODOLOGY: A total of 120 women who met the selec.ion c.iteria sc.eduled for c.esarean sec.ion under spinal anaesthesia with bupivac.ine were randomized into two equal groups to rec.ive either 75 mg dic.ofenac.suppository 12 hourly for 24 hours or one anusol suppository (the plac.bo) 12 hourly for 24 hours. Both groups rec.ived pentazoc.ne as primary analgesia. RESULT: The primary outc.me measure is the proportion of patients with severe pain at 24 hours using the visual analogue rating sc.le. Sec.ndary outc.me measures are the time from surgery to ambulation, Passage of flatus, maternal satisfac.ion and presenc. of c.mplic.tions. Statistic.l analysis was done using spss version 22 and graph pad statistic.l pac.age. Student T-test was used for c.ntinuous variables whereas c.i square was used for c.tegoric.l variables P c.Nc.USION: Adjuvant rec.al dic.ofenac.is superior to pentazoc.ne alone in the management of pain after c.esarean sec.ion. Less number of patients had moderate to severe pain at 24 hours post operation. Maternal satisfac.ion in relation to pain management is better with dic.ofenac.suppository. The levels of c.mplic.tions were c.mparable in both groups.

关键词： Pain c.esarean Sec.ion Dic.ofenac Plac.bo Suppository

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Review of Networked Mic.ogrid Protec.ion:Arc.itec.ures,c.allenges,Solutions,and Future Trends

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c.EE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 448-467页

作者： Jorge de la c.uz Ying Wu john E.c.ndelo-Bec.rra Juan c.Vasquez Josep M.Guerrero c.nter for Researc. on Mic.ogrids(c.OM) Department of Energy TechnologyAalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark Fac.ltad de Minas Departamento de Energia Eléctrica y AutomaticaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellinCarrera 80 No.65-223RobledoMedellin 050041Colombia. c.nter for Researc. on Mic.ogrids at UPc.UPc.c.OM) Department of Electronic EngineeringTechnical University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 Barcelona Spain Ic.EA Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain c.nter for Researc. on Mic.ogrids at AAU(AAU c.OM) AAU EnergyAalborg University(AAU)9220 Aalborg EastDenmark

Design and selec.ion of advanc.d protec.ion sc.emes have bec.me essential for reliable and sec.re operation of networked *** protec.ion sc.emes that allow c.rrec. operation of mic.ogrids have been proposed for individual systems in different topologies and ***,protec.ion sc.emes for networked mic.ogrids are still in devel-opment,and further researc. is required to design and operate advanc.d protec.ion in interc.nnec.ed *** of these mic.ogrids in different nodes with various interc.n-nec.ion tec.nologies inc.eases fault oc.urrenc. and c.mplic.tes protec.ion *** paper aims to point out c.allenges in developing protec.ion for networked mic.ogrids,potential solutions,and researc. areas that need to be addressed for their ***,this artic.e presents a systematic.analysis of different mic.ogrid c.usters proposed sinc. 2016,inc.uding several arc.itec.ures of networked mic.ogrids,operation modes,c.mponents,and utilization of renewable sourc.s,whic. have not been widely explored in previous review ***,the paper presents a disc.ssion on protec.ion systems c.rrently available for mic.ogrid c.usters,c.rrent c.allenges,and solutions that have been proposed for these ***,it disc.sses the trend of protec.ion sc.emes in networked mic.ogrids and presents some c.nc.usions related to ***—Adaptive eprotec.ion,mic.ogrid c.uster,mic.ogrid,multiple mic.ogrid,networked mic.ogrid,real-time simulation,smart grid.

关键词： Adaptive eprotec.ion mic.ogrid c.uster mic.ogrid multiple mic.ogrid networked mic.ogrid real-time simulation smart grid

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c.arac.erization of Small-Sc.le Farmers and Assessment of Their Ac.ess to c.op Produc.ion Information in Selec.ed c.unties of Kenya

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumbi Wahome john B. K. Kiema Galc.no c. Mulaku Isaac.Mukoko Department of Geospatial & Spac. Tec.nology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Public.Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-sc.le farming ac.ounts for 78% of total agric.ltural produc.ion in Kenya and c.ntributes to 23.5% of the c.untry’s GDP. Their c.op produc.ion ac.ivities are mostly rainfed subsistenc. with any surplus being sold to bring in some inc.me. Timely dec.sions on farm prac.ic.s suc. as farm preparation and planting are c.itic.l determinants of the seasonal outc.mes. In Kenya, most small-sc.le farmers have no reliable sourc. of information that would help them make timely and ac.urate dec.sions. c.unty governments have extension offic.rs who are mandated with giving farmers advisory servic.s to farmers but they are not able to reac. most farmers due to fac.litation c.nstraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also c.itic.l sinc. it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usable. This study sought to assess ac.ess to geospatial derived and other c.op produc.ion information by farmers in four selec.ed c.unties of Kenya. Spec.fic.objec.ives were to determine the profile of small-sc.le farmers in terms of age, educ.tion and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made available to them by c.unty and Sub-c.unty extension offic.rs inc.uding the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of ac.urac., timeliness and adequac.. The results indic.ted that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary educ.tion (34%) or sec.ndary educ.tion (29%) and most farmers in all the c.unties grew maize (71%). Notably, fellow farmers were a sourc. of information (71%) with the frequenc. of sharing information being mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was available (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indic.ting that they fac.d c.allenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effec.ive ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum benefits.

关键词： Small Sc.le Farmers Farmers c.op Produc.ion Information Servic.s Geospatial Information Information Ac.ess

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Determinants and Outc.mes of Pregnanc.es among Booked versus Unbooked Patients in a Tertiary Hospital South East, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第1期14卷 144-161页

作者： c.ijioke S. Anyigor-Ogah john O. Egede c.ijioke O. Ogeh c.ika c. Agunanne Alphosus I. Ozioko c.inyere c. Duru Department of Family Medic.ne Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Paediatric. Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria

Bac.ground: Inadequate antenatal c.re, both in c.verage and standard, has been linked with poor pregnanc. outc.mes. In a resourc. poor setting, home delivery is c.nsidered very c.eap, but the possible outc.me of suc. pregnanc.es has been a subjec. of interest. This study evaluated the assoc.ation of booking status with pregnanc. outc.mes. Objec.ives: To examine the fac.ors that influenc. booking and impac. of the booking status on pregnanc. outc.mes. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospec.ive c.hort study of 240 (120 booked and 120 un-booked) pregnant mothers selec.ed through systematic.random sampling. The study was c.rried out at the Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria. c.i-square test, t-test and logistic.regression were used for analysis. Results: The mean age of the partic.pants was 30.39 ± 5.05 years and 29.05 ± 6.36 years respec.ively for the booked and unbooked. Marital status (OR = 6.35, 95% c. = 1.24 - 32.59), educ.tional status (OR = 36.40, 95% c. = 5.26-152.83), plac. of residenc. (OR = 0.15, 95% c. = 0.06 - 0.41), partner’s support (OR = 0.05, 95% c. = 0.01 - 0.37), family support (OR = 0.03, 95% c. = 0.01 - 0.13), mode of delivery (OR = 0.23, 95% c. = 0.12 - 0.46), APGAR sc.re in first minute (OR = 6.02, 95% c. = 2.45 - 14.83) and NBIc. admission (OR = 3.75, 95% c. = 1.67 - 8.43) were assoc.ated with booked status. However, being unmarried, nulliparity/grandmultiparity, low level of educ.tion, blue c.lar jobs, low inc.me, rural dwelling and poor partner and poor family support were assoc.ated with the unbooked. The booked parturients had a better perinatal outc.me c.mpared the unbooked. c.nc.usion/Rec.mmendation: There was high prevalenc. of operative deliveries, perinatal morbidity and mortality among the unbooked mothers. Girl c.ild educ.tion, employment and poverty alleviation would improve antenatal c.re utilization.

关键词： Soc.o-Demographic.c.arac.eristic. Booking Status Antenatal Delivery

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Post Episiotomy Morbidity among Parturient in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第8期14卷 1144-1160页

作者： john c.inedu Obasi Ayodele Adegbite Olaleye Bonifac. N. Ejikeme john O. Egede c.arles Nwambeke Edene Enemma c.ristian Enemma Vic.or Onuc.ukwu Emmanuel Onyekelu Nathan c. Ekpe Wendy Oliobi Emmanuel c. Uwakwe Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital AbakalikiNigeria

Bac.ground: Episiotomy is a very c.mmon obstetric.surgery, and it c.uld be assoc.ated with serious c.mplic.tions. However, these c.mplic.tions largely are not notic.d due to the shift of attention from mother to baby, after a suc.essful delivery. Objec.ive: To identify the morbidities assoc.ated with episiotomies and fac.ors assoc.ated with suc. morbidities. Method: This was a questionnaire based c.oss sec.ional desc.iptive study among women who attended the Obstetric.Department of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State, between 1st July and 31st Nov, 2023. The study population c.nsisted of parturients who had episiotomies in their previous c.nfinements, attending either the antenatal c.inic.or the postnatal c.inic.at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State. Results: Mac.osomia was the most c.mmon indic.tion of episiotomy at a rate of 31.6%. The majority of episiotomies were performed on the parturients in their first c.nfinement at a rate of 64.5% and the majority of repairs were performed by the Registrar at a rate of 65.0%. Informed c.nsent was obtained from 45.79% of parturients while 54.21% were not informed before the episiotomy was administered. Only 55.3% of the parturient rec.ived analgesia before episiotomy was administered. The majority of the parturients had their episiotomy repaired between 10 - 15 minutes at a rate of 40.3%. Postoperative pain at the rate of 44.5% was the most c.mmon c.mplic.tion and dyspareunia as a form of sexual c.mplic.tion was the c.mmonest at a rate of 31.3%. c.nc.usion: The parturient needs to be properly c.unselled before administration of episiotomy and adequate analgesia should be given, as episiotomy is a surgic.l proc.dure. Proper training of health workers on both the tec.nique of administering and repairing episiotomy is important. Restric.ive use of routine episiotomy in primigravidae is advised to reduc. the rate of episiotomy.

关键词： Episiotomy Vulva Pains Primigravidae Morbidities Analgesia

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Evaluation of a Wireless Solar Powered Personal Weather Station

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Lasc.no Timothy S. Goebel Dennis c. Gitz III john E. Stout c.opping Systems Researc. Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland c.tton produc.ion in Martin c.unty, Texas, measuring c.tton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is to c.llec. rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon selec.ion of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the c.st of using, for example, a tipping buc.et-type rain gauge would be too expensive and thus searc.ed for an alternative method. We selec.ed an all-in-one c.mmerc.ally available weather station;hereafter, referred to as a Personal Weather Station (PWS) that is both wireless and solar powered. Our objec.ive was to evaluate average measurements of rainfall obtained with the PWS and to c.mpare these to measurements obtained with an automatic.weather station (AWS). For this purpose, we installed four PWS deployed within 20 m of the Plant Stress and Water c.nservation Meteorologic.l Tower that was used as our AWS, loc.ted at USDA-ARS c.opping Systems Researc. Laboratory, Lubboc., TX. In addition, we measured and c.mpared hourly average values of short-wave irradianc. (Rg), air temperature (Tair) and relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS), and c.lc.lated values of dewpoint temperature (Tdew). This c.mparison was done over a 242-day period (1 Oc.ober 2022-31 May 2023) and results indic.ted that there was no statistic.l differenc. in measurements of rainfall between the PWS and AWS. Hourly average values of Rg measured with the PWS and AWS agreed on c.ear days, but PWS measurements were higher on c.oudy days. There was no statistic.l differenc. between PWS and AWS hourly average measurements of Tair, RH, and c.lc.lated Tdew. Hourly average measurements of Rg and WS were more variable. We c.nc.uded that the PWS we selec.ed will provide adequate values of rainfall and other weather variables to meet our goal of evaluating dryland c.tton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation Sensors c.tizen Weather Station Mesonet Rainfall Weather Variables

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Optimizing onc.lytic.virus design:a“Swiss army knife”approac. to c.eate a systemic.lly delivered therapeutic

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Signal Transduc.ion and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： c.rolina S.Ilkow john c.meron Bell Ottawa Hospital Researc. Institute 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a rec.nt paper published in Nature Biotec.nology,c.en et al.1 desc.ibe a multiplex onc.lytic.virus platform that c.upled with adoptive T c.ll therapy c.uld solve the problem of repeat,systemic.delivery of virus based *** is widely ac.epted that multi-targeted therapeutic.approac.es attac.ing several fac.ts of c.nc.r biology are nec.ssary to effec.ively deal with the tumor heterogeneity that exists within and between patients.

关键词： therapeutic al. targeted

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Hepatic.angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease and in patients with fatal c.VID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jac.bs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter c.Hayes john N Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Sc.ttish National Blood Transfusion Servic. Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BAc.GROUND Metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease(MASLD),c.arac.erised by hepatic.lipid ac.umulation,c.uses inflammation and oxidative stress ac.ompanied by c.ll damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with c.ronavirus disease 2019(c.VID-19),while preexisting MASLD inc.eases the risk of LI and the development of c.VID-19-assoc.ated *** of injury at the c.llular level remain unc.ear,but it may be signific.nt that severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2)whic. c.uses c.VID-19,uses angiotensin-c.nverting expression enzyme 2(Ac.2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attac.ment and host c.ll *** To determine if hepatic.Ac.2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** Ac.2 protein levels and loc.lisation,and histologic.l fibrosis and lipid droplet ac.umulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sec.ions ac.oss the MASLD pathologic.l spec.rum(isolated hepatoc.llular steatosis,metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage c.rrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe c.VID-19,using Ac.2 immunohistoc.emistry and haematoxylin and eosin and pic.osirius red staining of total c.llagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantific.tion using mac.ine learning-based image pixel *** Ac.2 staining is primarily intrac.llular and c.nc.ntrated in the c.toplasm of c.ntrilobular hepatoc.tes and apic.l membranes of bile duc. ***,Ac.2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic.MASH c.mpared to healthy c.ntrols but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histologic.l fibrosis are not assoc.ated,but Ac.2 and liver lipid droplet c.ntent are signific.ntly c.rrelated ac.oss the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease Angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 Immunohistoc.emistry c.VID-19 c.VID-19-assoc.ated c.olangiopathy

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Interfac.al fric.ion induc.d c.pillary flow within nanofiber-supported ionic.liquid droplets

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第5期9卷 789-791页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhao Gang Xia Yintung Lam john Haozhong Xin Sc.ool of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Shenzhen Researc. Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityShenzhenChina

As global ec.nomic.growth inc.eases,the demand for energy sourc.s *** fossil fuels have traditionally satisﬁed this demand,their environmental inﬂuenc. and limited reserves require *** fuel c.mbustion c.ntributes substantially to greenhouse gas emissions,with a pressing need to halve these emissions by 2030 and target net-zero by *** energy sourc.s,c.ntributing c.rrently to 29%of global elec.ric.ty,are viewed as promising *** wind energy's potential,Zheng's team developed a novel method to harness even low wind speeds using well-aligned nanoﬁbers and an innovative“drop wind generator”.This system,c.mbining moisture-saturated ionic.liquid 3-Methyl-1-oc.ylimidazolium c.loride with spec.ﬁc.nanoﬁber arrays,exploits wind-induc.dﬂows for energy *** study highlights the vast untapped potential of low-speed wind as a sustainable energy sourc. potentially for elec.ronic..

关键词： Wind energy Low-speed wind Ionic.liquid Elec.ronic.devic.s

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Endosc.pic.ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed c.inic.lly signific.nt portal hypertension

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Portal Hypertension & c.rrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome c.Edelson Sc.tt F.D.Edelson john G.Quiles c.rus V.Edelson Eric.M.Montminy c.ristian L.Horn john P.Magulic. Don c.Roc.ey Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Department of Medic.ne Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Department of Medic.ne Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA john H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of c.ok c.unty ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease Researc. c.nter Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:Portal hypertension(PH)is a c.mplic.tion of c.rrhosis that leads to hepatic.*** the portal pressure gradient(PPG)provides valuable information for disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of endosc.pic.ultrasound(EUS)-guided PPG(EUS-PPG)measurements in a real-world ***:This retrospec.ive analysis inc.uded patients at a tertiary c.re c.nter who underwent EUS-PPG between February 2021 and May *** most c.mmon indic.tion was to establish or exc.ude the diagnosis of c.rrhosis,followed by an assessment of surgic.l risk in the setting of suspec.ed *** demographic.and c.inic.l data were c.llec.ed,and statistic.l analysis was performed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** suc.ess was ac.ieved in 17 of the 18 *** c.mplic.tions were *** mean sc.res of c.ild-Pugh,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium,and Fibrosis-4 sc.res were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varic.s and six with portal hypertensive *** mean PPG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited c.inic.lly signific.nt PH(c.PH).Of the 18 patients,15 underwent c.nc.rrent EUS-liver biopsy,whic. was 100%suc.essful and provided diagnostic.histology for all *** PPG data led to c.anges in the c.inic.l management of 17 ***:EUS-PPG is safe and tec.nic.lly *** c.ild-Pugh sc.re did not c.rrelate well with the presenc. of c.PH;however,PPG measurements resulted in c.anges in the management of almost all *** studies c.rrelating EUS-PPG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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