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Threshold logic based low-level vision sparse object features

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2016年第4期9卷 314-324页

作者： Nitha thomas Joshin john Mathew Alex James Department of Research EnviewTrivandrumIndia ARS Traffic and Transport Technology TrivandrumIndia School of Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityAstanaKazakhstan

Purpose-The real-time generation of feature descriptors for object recognition is a challenging *** this research,the purpose of this paper is to provide a hardware friendly framework to generate sparse features that can be useful for key feature point selection,feature extraction,and descriptor *** inspiration is drawn from feature formation processes of the human brain,taking into account the sparse,modular,and hierarchical processing of visual ***/methodology/approach-A sparse set of neurons referred as active neurons determines the feature points necessary for high-level vision applications such as object recognition.A psycho-physical mechanism of human low-level vision relates edge detection to noticeable local spatial stimuli,representing this set of active neurons.A cognitive memory cell array-based implementation of low-level vision is *** of memory cell in edge detection are used for realizing human vision inspired feature selection and leading to feature vector construction for high-level vision ***-True parallel architecture and faster response of cognitive circuits avoid time costly and redundant feature extraction *** of proposed feature vector toward high-level computer vision applications is demonstrated using standard object recognition *** comparison against existing state-of-the-art object recognition features and methods shows an accuracy of 97,95,69 percent for Columbia Object Image Library-100,ALOI,and PASCAL VOC 2007 databases indicating an increase from benchmark methods by 5,3 and 10 percent,***/value-A hardware friendly low-level sparse edge feature processing system isproposed for recognizing *** edge features are developed based on threshold logic of neurons,and the sparse selection of the features applies a modular and hierarchical processing inspired from the human neural system.

关键词： Object recognition Object features Sparse features Threshold logic Low-level vision Active neurons Cognitive memory-cell array Edge detection Feature description

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Predation changes the shape of thermal performance curves for population growth rate

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Current Zoology 2016年第5期62卷 501-505页

作者： thomas M. LUHRINg john P. DELONg School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA

Ectotherms generally demonstrate nonlinear changes in performance （e.g., movement speed, indi- vidual growth, population growth） as a function of temperature that are characterized by thermal performance curves （TPC）. Predation risk elicits phenotypic and behavioral changes that likewise impact performance measures. We tested whether exposure to predation Orthocyclops modestus impacts the maximum population growth rate （rmax） TPC of the protist Paramecium aurelia. We fit predator and non-predator exposed P. aurelia population growth rates to a function previously shown to best describe Paramecium population growth rate TPC＇s （Lactin-2） and compared subse- quent parameter estimates between curves. For Paramecium exposed to predation risk, maximum population growth increased more rapidly as temperatures rose and decreased more rapidly as temperatures fell compared to the initial temperature. The area under each TPC curve remained ap- proximately the same, consistent with the idea of a trade-off in performance across temperatures. Our results indicate TPCs are flexible given variation in food web context and that trophic inter- actions may play an important role in shaping TPCs. Furthermore, this and other studies illustrate the need for a mechanistic model of TPCs with parameters tied to biologically meaningful properties.

关键词： paramecium phenotypic plasticity predation reaction norm temperature thermal performance curve.

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Comparing crystal structures with symmetry and geometry

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1491-1501页

作者： john C.thomas Anirudh Raju Natarajan Anton Van der Ven Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA

Measuring the similarity between two arbitrary crystal structures is a common challenge in crystallography and materials *** there are an infinite number of ways to mathematically relate two crystal structures,only a few are physically *** we introduce both a geometry-based and a symmetry-adapted similarity metric to compare crystal *** crystal symmetry and combinatorial optimization we describe an algorithm to arrive at the structural relationship that minimizes these similarity metrics across all possible maps between any pair of crystal *** approach makes it possible to(i)identify pairs of crystal structures that are identical,(ii)quantitatively measure the similarity between crystal structures,and(iii)find and rank structural transformation pathways between any pair of crystal *** discuss the advantages of using the symmetryadapted cost metric over the geometric ***,we show that all known structural transformation pathways between common crystal structures are recovered with the mapping *** methodology presented in this study will be of value to efforts that seek to catalogue crystal structures,identify structural transformation pathways or prune large first-principles datasets used to parameterize on-lattice Hamiltonians.

关键词： crystal symmetry similarity

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In-situ probing of thermal desorption of vapor molecules on a nanowire via work function variance

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Nano Research 2016年第11期9卷 3334-3345页

作者： Kovur Prashanthi john Eric Hawk Ryan Mcgee Ravi gaikwad thomas Thundat Ingenuity Lab Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2V4 Canada

Nanowire sensors based on variations of their electrical properties show great potential for real-time, in situ monitoring of molecular adsorption and desorption. Although the molecular adsorption-induced change in the electronic work function is very sensitive, it does not have any specificity. However, the temperature dependency of the adsorption-induced work function variation can provide limited selectivity based on the desorption temperature. In this study, we report the in situ probing of molecular desorption by monitoring the work function variations of a single Pt nanowire as a function of temperature. The work function of a clean Pt nanowire shows a significant variation due to vapor adsorption at room temperature. Increasing the temperature of the nanowire results in a variation of the work function due to molecular desorption. Experimentally measured differential work function as a function of temperature shows desorption peaks at 36 and 44 ℃ for methanol and ethanol molecules respectively. Adsorption-induced variation of the Pt nanowire work function was further confirmed using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy before and after exposure to methanol vapor. These results show that the molecular adsorption/desorption-induced variation of the work function and its temperature dependency can be used for developing nanoscale electro-calorimetric sensors.

关键词： Kelvin probe microscopy nanowires thermal desorption work function

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Isotretinoin for the treatment of nonobstructive azoospermia: a pilot study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第5期23卷 537-540页

作者： john K Amory Charles H Muller thomas J Walsh Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Urology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

The treatment of men with infertility from azoospermia is *** some men with severe oligozoospermia improve sperm output during treatment with isotretinoin,we treated nine men with azoospermia with isotretinoin to determine if azoospermic men would also respond to isotretinoin *** of these men who had a previous negative testicular sperm extraction(TESE)was found to have an area of sperm production on a postisotretinoin testicular *** man achieved a pregnancy and a live birth of a healthy,term daughter after in vitro fertilization coupled with intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI).A second subject had a positive TESE after treatment as *** study of isotretinoin therapy in men with azoospermia undergoing testicular sperm harvesting procedures is warranted.

关键词： treatment injection pregnancy

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The impact of surgeon choices on costs associated with uncomplicated minimally invasive colectomy:you are not as important as you think

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gastroenterology Report 2018年第2期6卷 108-113,I0002页

作者： john Tillou Deborah Nagle Vitaliy Poylin thomas Cataldo Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA

Background:There is increasing public discussion about the escalating cost of healthcare in *** are no published data regarding the contribution of individual surgeons’choices on the cost of uncomplicated minimally invasive ***:A review of a hospital cost-accounting database of the direct costs related to the index operation and postoperative care of all patients who underwent elective minimally invasive segmental colectomy over a 1-year period was ***:A total of 111 cases were enrolled in this study,18 of which were performed *** average direct cost after minimally invasive colectomy was$*** cost of robotic colectomy was 53%greater than laparoscopic($7806 vs$5096,pgnificant difference in overall costs among laparoscopic cases performed by three surgeons($5099 vs$5108 vs$5055,p¼0.987).Average operating room supply costs among the three surgeons were$1236,$1105 and$1030,respectively(p¼0.067),with a standard deviation of$328(6.4%of overall cost).Conclusions:No significant difference in overall costs between surgeons was demonstrated despite varied training,experience levels and operative *** costs are relatively institutionally fixed and minimally influenced by variations in individual surgeon preferences.

关键词： cost minimally invasive colectomy laparoscopy individual surgeon

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin g.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey g.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen g.galgóczi J.garcia g.Y.genov C.gordillo H-P.gröbelbauer M.guedel Y.guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin g.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson g.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab g.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway john Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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Decarbonising energy: The developing international activity in hydrogen technologies and fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第12期29卷 405-415页

作者： john meur.g thomas Peter P.Edwards Peter J.Dobson gari P.Owend Department of Materials Science&Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK The Queen’s College University of OxfordOxford OX14AWUK Annwvyn Solutions(Independent Consultant) BromleyKent BR13DWUK

Hydrogen technologies and fuel cells offer an alternative and improved solution for a decarbonised energy *** cells are electrochemical converters;transforming hydrogen (or energy sources containing hydrogen) and oxygen directly into *** hydrogen fuel cell,invented in 1839,permits the generation of electrical energy with high efficiency through a non-combustion,electrochemical process and,importantly,without the emission ofits point of ***,despite numerous efforts to exploit the obvious attractions of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells,various challenges have been encountered,some of which are reviewed ***,however,given the exigent need to urgently seek low-carbon paths for humankind’s energy future,numerous countries are advancing the deployment of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells not only for transport,but also as a means of the storage of excess renewable energy from,for example,wind and solar ***,hydrogen is also being blended into the natural gas supplies used in domestic heating and targeted in the decarbonisation of critical,large-scale industrial processes such as steel *** briefly review specific examples in countries such as Japan,South Korea and the People’s Republic of China,as well as selected examples from Europe and North America in the utilization of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells.

关键词： Decarbonisation Hydrogen Energy Hydrogen Economy Fuel cells Environment Sustainability

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Femoral impaction grafting

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2013年第1期4卷 7-11页

作者： john A Scanelli thomas E Brown Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville VA 22908 United States

Femoral impaction grafting is a reconstruction option applicable to both simple and complex femoral component revisions. It is one of the preferred techniques for reconstructing large femoral defects when the isthmus is non-supportive. The available level of evidence is primarily derived from case series, which shows a mean survivorship of 90.5%, with revision or re-operation as the end-point, with an average follow-up of 11 years. The rate of femoral fracture requiring re-operation or revision of the component varies between several large case series, ranging from 2.5% to 9%, with an average of 5.4%.

关键词： Femoral impaction grafting Femoral revision Bone grafting Revision total hip arthroplasty Bone loss

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Perception of artificial conspecifics by bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 214-222页

作者： Anna FROHNWIESER thomas W.PIKE john C.MURRAY Anna WILKINSON School of Life Sciences University of LincolnLincolnUK School of Computer Science University of LincolnLincolnUK Wildlife Research Center Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Artificial animals are increasingly used as conspecific stimuli in animal behavior ***,researchers often have an incomplete understanding of how the species under study perceives conspecifics,and,hence,which features are needed for a stimulus to be perceived *** investigate the features that bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)attend to,we measured their lateralized eye use when assessing a successive range of *** ranged through several stages of realism in artificial conspecifics,to see how features such as color,the presence of eyes,body shape and motion influence *** found differences in lateralized eye use depending on the sex of the observing bearded dragon and the artificial conspecific,as well as the artificial conspecific’s ***,this approach can inform the design of robotic animals that elicit biologically-meaningful responses in live animals.

关键词： bearded dragons conspecifics lateralized eye use perception

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