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Targeting TrkB–PSd-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang john Marshall department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic TrkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with TrkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of TrkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with TrkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated TrkB.T1 *** TrkB agonists and antibodies that activate TrkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human TrkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** TrkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost TrkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity TrkB

Carbonatites and Alkaline Igneous Rocks in Post-Collisional Settings:Storehouses of Rare Earth Elements

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1332-1358页

作者： Kathryn M.Goodenough Eimear A.deady Charles d.beard Sam Broom-Fendley Holly ALElliott Frederick van den Berg HüseyinÖztürk British Geological Survey the Lyell CentreEdinburgh EH144APUK Institut des Sciences de la Terre UniversitéGrenoble Alpes38610 GièresFrance Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenryn TR109FEUK School of Environmental Sciences University of DerbyDerbyUK department of Geological Engineering Istanbul University-CerrahpaşaAvcılar Campus34320 Avcılar IstanbulTurkey

The rare earth elements(REE)are critical raw materials for much of modern technology,particularly renewable energy infrastructure and electric vehicles that are vital for the energy *** of the world's largest REE deposits occur in alkaline rocks and carbonatites,which are found in intracontinental,rift-related settings,and also in syn-to post-collisional ***-collisional settings host significant REE deposits,such as those of the Mianning-dechang belt in *** paper reviews REE mineralization in syn-to post-collisional alkaline-carbonatite complexes worldwide,in order to demonstrate some of the key physical and chemical features of these *** use three examples,in Scotland,Namibia,and Turkey,to illustrate the structure of these *** review published geochemical data and use these to build up a broad model for the REE mineral system in post-collisional alkaline-carbonatite *** is evident that immiscibility of carbonate-rich magmas and fluids plays an important part in generating mineralization in these settings,with REE,Ba and F partitioning into the carbonate-rich *** most significant REE mineralization in post-collisional alkaline-carbonatite complexes occurs in shallow-level,carbothermal or carbonatite intrusions,but deeper carbonatite bodies and associated alteration zones may also have REE enrichment.

关键词： post-collisional alkaline carbonatite rare earth elements tectonics carbon cycle

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A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： john Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

(Super)paramagnetic nanoparticles as platform materials for environmental applications: From synthesis to demonstration

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第5期14卷 15-23页

作者： Wenlu Li john d.Fortner department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA

Over the past few decades,engineered,(super)paramagnetic nanoparticles have drawn extensive research attention for a broad range of applications based on their tunable size and shape,surface chemistries,and magnetic *** review summaries our recent work on the synthesis,surface modification,and environmental application of(super)paramagnetic *** utilizing high-temperature thermo-decomposition methods,first,we have broadly demonstrated the synthesis of highly monodispersed,(super)paramagnetic nanoparticles,via the pyrolysis of metal carboxylate salts in an organic *** uniform magnetic nanoparticles with various size,composition,and shape can be precisely tuned by controlled reaction parameters,such as the initial precursors,heating rate,final reaction temperature,reaction time,and the *** materials can be further rendered water stable via functionalization with surface mono/bi-layer coating structure using a series of tunable ionic/non-ionic ***,we have demonstrated platform potential of these materials for heavy metal ions sensing,sorption,and separation from the aqueous phase.

关键词： Superparamagnetic nanoparticles Surface functionalization Environmental sensing Heavy metal ion sorption

Geological cycling of potassium and the K isotopic response:insights from loess and shales

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第4期38卷 508-516页

作者： Weiqiang Li Shilei Li Brian L.beard State Key Laboratory for Mineral deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046People's Republic of China MOE Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046People's Republic of China department of Geoscience University of Wisconsin- Madison1215W Dayton StreetMadisonWI 53706USA NASA Astrobiology Institute University of Wisconsin- MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Shales are a major sink for K into seawater delivered from continental weathering,and are potential recorders of K *** precision K isotope analyses reveal a[0.6%variation in δ^41K values(41K/39K relative to NIST SRM 3141a)from a set of well characterized postArchean Australian shale(PAAS)*** contrast,loess samples have relatively homogenous δ^41K values(-0.5±0.1%),which may represent the average K composition of upper continental *** of the shales analyzed in this study have experienced K enrichment relative to average continental crust,and the majority of them define a trend of decreasing δ^41K value(from-0.5to-0.7%)with increasing K content and K/Na ratio,indicating cation exchange in clays minerals is accompanied by K isotope *** shale samples do not follow the trend and have elevated δ^41K values up to-0.1%,and these samples are characterized by variable Fe isotope compositions,which reflect post-depositional *** K isotope variability observed in shales,in combination with recent findings about K isotope fractionation during continental weathering,indicates that K isotopes fractionate during cycling of K between different reservoirs,and K isotopes in sediments may be used to trace geological cycling of K.

关键词： K isotopes Loess Shale K cycle

Computational Modeling of dual-Phase Ceramics with Finsler-Geometric Phase Field Mechanics

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第8期120卷 333-350页

作者： john d.Clayton US ARL Impact Physics BranchAberdeen Proving GroundMD21005-5066USA

A theory invoking concepts from differential geometry of generalized Finsler space in conjunction with diffuse interface modeling is described and implemented in finite element(FE)simulations of dual-phase polycrystalline ceramic *** parameters accounting for fracture and other structural transformations,notably partial dislocation slip,twinning,or phase changes,are dimensionless entries of an internal state vector of generalized pseudo-Finsler *** investigated in computations are a boron carbide-titanium diboride(B4C-TiB2)composite and a diamond-silicon carbide(C-SiC)*** mechanisms-in addition to elasticity and cleavage fracture in grains of any phase-include restricted dislocation glide(TiB2 phase),deformation twinning(B4C and-SiC phases),and stress-induced amorphization(B4C phase).The metric tensor of generalized Finsler space is scaled conformally according to dilatation induced by cavitation or other fracture modes and densification induced by phase *** of pure shear consider various morphologies and lattice *** of microstructure on overall strength of each composite are *** B4C-TiB2,minor improvements in shear strength and ductility are observed with an increase in the second phase from 10 to 18%by volume,suggesting that residual stresses or larger-scale crack inhibition may be responsible for toughness gains reported *** diamond-SiC,a composite consisting of diamond crystals encapsulated in a nano-crystalline SiC matrix shows improved strength and ductility relative to a two-phase composite with isolated bulk SiC grains.

关键词： Micromechanics ceramic composites,Finsler space differential geometry phase field finite elements

Inverse analysis of laboratory data and observations for evaluation of backward erosion piping process

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第5期12卷 1080-1092页

作者： Sige Peng john d.Rice School of Civil Engineering and Transportation South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Utah State UniversityLogan84322UTUSA

An inverse analysis procedure has been developed to interpret collected pore pressure data and observations during backward erosion piping(BEP)initiation and progression in sandy *** procedure has been applied to laboratory models designed to mimic the initiation and progression of BEP through a constricted vertical *** inverse analysis uses three-dimensional(3d)finite element method(FEM)to successively produce models of the hydraulic head regime surrounding progressive stages of BEP based on observations at the sample surface and pore pressure measurements obtained from the laboratory *** inverse analysis results in a series of 3d contour plots that represent the hydraulic-head regime at each stage of the BEP development,allowing for assessing the development of BEP mechanism as well as calculating the critical hydraulic conditions required for various BEP stages to initiate and *** of the results identified four significant stages of the piping process:(1)loosened zone initiation,(2)channel initiation and progression,(3)riser sand fluidization,and(4)loosened zone *** of the hydraulic head contour plots allows assessment of the critical hydraulic gradients needed to initiate and progress various components of the BEP development.

关键词： Backward erosion piping(BEP) Laboratory modeling Inverse analysis Finite element method(FEM) Soil loosening Critical gradient

Effect of p-d exchange with an itinerant carrier in a GaMnAs quantum dot

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第7期34卷 1-6页

作者： d.Lalitha A.john Peter department of Physics GTN College department of Physics Government Arts College

Hydrogenic acceptor binding energy as a function of dot radius in a GaMnAs/Ga_（0.6）Al_（0.4）As quantum dot is calculated including the exchange interaction of Mn alloy content with an itinerant *** are performed by varying its dot radius,for various Mn alloy contents in GaMnAs quantum dot within a single band effective mass approximation using variational *** spin polaronic energy of the acceptor impurity for different Mn^（2＋） is evaluated for different dot radii using a mean field theory in the presence of magnetic field *** magnetization is computed in the influence of magnetic field and the Mn *** effective g-factor of the valence band electron with the inclusion of effects of Mn ion impurities is found in the influence of the magnetic *** exchange coupling constant is calculated for various magnetic field *** results show that the p-d exchange interaction in the GaMnAs/Ga_（0.6）Al_（0.4）As quantum dot has a strong dependence on spatial confinement,effect of magnetic field strength and the Mn alloy *** results are in good agreement with the other investigators.

关键词： quantum dot acceptor diluted magnetic semiconductors

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应用新感应测井仪测出一组完整的数据

国外测井技术 1998年第2期13卷 44-49页

作者： Q．Zhou d.beard J．Wu 金静芷唐养吾西方Atlas测井服务公司不详

设计优良的组合型感应测井仪与常规感应测井仪不同之处在于它能测量一组完整的数据。在这整套数据中，属于要研究的地层体积的所有有用信息，是利用感应测井原理，通过间距合适的多个分阵列和全范围的工作频率测得的。该组合测井仪测量... 详细信息

设计优良的组合型感应测井仪与常规感应测井仪不同之处在于它能测量一组完整的数据。在这整套数据中，属于要研究的地层体积的所有有用信息，是利用感应测井原理，通过间距合适的多个分阵列和全范围的工作频率测得的。该组合测井仪测量的数据可以各种方式进行处理，给出具有预期特性的测井曲线，如探测深、垂向分辨率好。此外，如果数据完整，可用来合成其他感就测井仪响应，如常规的深和中等感应线圈系的响应。当需要阵列型测井仪的先进特性时迪种能力就是项优点；不过，还需与常规测井仪测的其他井的测井曲线对比。该组合测井仪还拥有相当量的多余信息，以供自检，并替代因部分测井仪损坏而漏测的数据。为了证实该测井仪所采集的数据中具有多余信息，我们提供了二．个实例。利用该测井仪测的其他测量值可以合成检波器元件之一的响应。为了实时处理，选择一种滤波法进行合成。该方法通过组合阵列感应测量合成常规测井仪的响应。为确保相同的视电导率读数，对解法进行优化，以使合成测井曲线的等效几何因子与我们要模拟的测井仪的因子相同。采用二次程序编制法得出最佳滤波器系数。在优化过程中，将误差传播考虑进去，因而处理后的测井曲线的噪声影响就不会有大于输入的测井曲线的噪声级。用一维和二维数值模型进行了广泛检验，确保处理质量。本文提供了一个油田测井曲线实例，在同一口井用阵列感应测井仪和常规感应测井仪进行测井，以说明该测井仪聚焦的灵活壮和数据处理算法的有效性。

关键词：感应测井仪测井曲线测井数据滤波法组合阵列