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Earth observations for sustainable development goals monitoring based on essential variables and driver-pressure-state-impactresponse indicators

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 217-235页

作者： joan Masó Ivette Serral Cristina Domingo-Marimon Alaitz Zabala CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain Dept.Geografia Grumets Research GroupEdifici B.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain

In recent years,researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers,States,Impacts and Responses of a given *** some cases,different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables(EVs),such as for Climate,Biodiversity or *** definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension(*** for water)although some communities have not even started(*** and energy).This paper characterizes the Earth observation(Eo)networks and creates a graph representation of their ***,this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge ***,an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the *** analysis to detect gaps in Eo variables due to a lack of observational networks is *** suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed,as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new Eo based *** complete graph is available in the ENEoN website(http://***/graphev-sdg/).

关键词： Gap analysis policy monitoring essential variables earth observation

An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and CoVID-19 hospitalizations in ottawa,Canada

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 617-631页

作者： K.Ken Peng Elizabeth M.Renouf Charmaine B.Dean X.joan Hu Robert Delatolla Douglas G.Manuel Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Simon Fraser University8888 University DrBurnabyV5A 1S6BCCanada Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterlooN2L 3G1ONCanada Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada The ottawa Hospital Research Institute 1053 Carling AveOttawaK1Y 4E9ONCanada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada

Monitoring of viral signal in wastewater is considered a useful tool for monitoring the burden of CoVID-19,especially during times of limited availability in *** have shown that CoVID-19 hospitalizations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals and the increases in wastewater viral signals can provide an early warning for increasing hospital *** association is likely nonlinear and *** project employs a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)(Gasparrini et al.,2010)to study the nonlinear exposure-response delayed association of the CoVID-19 hospitalizations and SARS-CoV-2 wastewater viral signals using relevant data from ottawa,*** consider up to a 15-day time lag from the average of SARS-CoV N1 and N2 gene concen-trations to CoVID-19 *** expected reduction in hospitalization is adjusted for vaccination efforts.A correlation analysis of the data verifies that CoVID-19 hospital-izations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals with a time-varying *** DLNM based analysis yields a reasonable estimate of CoVID-19 hospitalizations and enhances our understanding of the association of CoVID-19 hospi-talizations with wastewater viral signals.

关键词： Wastewater surveillance CoVID-19 vaccination effectiveness Distributed lag nonlinear model Time varying correlation

Uniform Flow of Molten Metals in Rectangular open Channels

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第3期10卷 518-526页

作者： Miguel A. Barron joan Reyes Dulce Y. Medina Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Mexico City Mexico

The flow of liquids in open channels has been studied since ancient Rome. However, the vast majority of published reports on flow in open channels are focused on the transport of drinking water and sewage disposal. The literature on the transport of molten metals in open channels is quite scarce. In this work, the uniform flow of pig iron and molten aluminum in rectangular open channels is studied. Specific energy curves are constructed and critical heights are analytically determined. The transition from subcritical to supercritical flow is analyzed as a function of the angle of inclination of the channel and the roughness of its walls. Manning’s equation is applied to the pig iron flow using data reported in the literature for molten aluminum. The need to correct the roughness coefficient for pig iron is observed in order to obtain results consistent with those previously reported.

关键词： Critical Height Froude Number Molten Metal Flow open Channel Rectangular Channel Uniform Flow

Directly addressable GaN-based nano-LED arrays: fabrication and electro-optical characterization

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 275-284页

作者： Daria D.Bezshlyakh Hendrik Spende Thomas Weimann Peter Hinze Steffen Bornemann Jan Gulink joan Canals joan Daniel Prades Angel Dieguez Andreas Waag Institute of Semiconductor Technology Technische Universitat BraunschweigHans-Sommer Str.6638106 BraunschweigGermany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology Langer Kamp 6 a/b38106 BraunschweigGermany Epitaxy Competence Center ec2 Technische Universitat BraunschweigHans-Sommer Str.6638106 BraunschweigGermany Nanostructuring and Clean Room Center Infrastructure Physikalisch-Technische BundesanstaltBundesallee 10038116 BraunschweigGermany Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering University of BarcelonaCarrer Marti i Franques 108028 BarcelonaSpain

The rapid development of display technologies has raised interest in arrays of self-emitting,individually controlled light sources atthe *** nitride(GaN)micro-light-emitting diode(LED)technology meets this ***,the current technology is not suitable for the fabrication of arrays of submicron light sources that can be controlled *** approach is based on nanoLED arrays that can directly address each array element and a self-pitch with dimensions below the wavelength of *** design and fabrication processes are explained in detail and possess two geometries:a 6×6 array with 400 nm LEDs and a 2×32 line array with 200 nm *** nanoLEDs are developed as core elements of a novel on-chip super-resolution *** technology,based on its physical properties,is an ideal platform for such nanoLEDs.

关键词： arrays GaN optical

Towards integrated essential variables for sustainability

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 158-165页

作者： Anthony Lehmann joan Masò Stefano Nativi Gregory Giuliani enviroSPACE Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Department F.-A.Forel for Environment and Water Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain National Research Council of Italy–Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research Sesto FiorentinoItaly GRID-Geneva Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Measuring the achievement of a sustainable development requires the integration of various data sets and disciplines describing bio-physical and socio-economic *** data allow characterizing any location on Earth,assessing the status of the environment at various scales(***,regional,global),understanding interactions between different systems(***,hydrosphere,biosphere,geosphere),and modeling future *** Group on Earth observations(GEo)was established in 2005 in response to the need for coordinated,comprehensive,and sustained observations related to the state of the ***’s global engagement priorities include supporting the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,the Paris Agreement on Climate,and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.A proposition is made for generalizing and integrating the concept of EVs across the Societal Benefit Areas of GEo and across the border between SocioEconomic and Earth systems *** contributions of the European Union projects ConnectinGEo and GEoEssential in the evaluation of existing EV classes are ***,the main aim of the 10 papers of the special issue is shortly presented and mapped according to the proposed typology of SBA-related EV classes.

关键词： Earth observation GEo/GEoSS environment policy indicators knowledge implementation SDGs

Numerical simulation of a short flexible pipe subject to forced motion and vortex-induced vibration

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 2009年第6期28卷 70-83页

作者： CHEN Zhengshou KIM Wu-joan CHoI Yoon-rak Engineering College Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Department of Naval Architecture ＆ Marine Engineering Mokpo National University Mokpo534-729 Korea School of Naval Architecture ＆ ocean Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan 680-749 Korea

A series of numerical sinmlations about a small scale （aspect ratio： 63.2） flexible pipe undergoing forced harmonious oscillation and vortex-induced vibration （VIV） have been taken into account. The wake hydrodynamics and pipe deformation were accomplished by ANSYS MFX solution strat- egy designed for fluid-structure interaction （FSI） problem with well-performed LES model. The configuration of structured mesh, multi-domain design, different mesh stiffness admeasured by User Fortran ensured that the numerical task was competent to deal with large deformation related to this case. The introduction of instantaneous amplitude definition and modeless component decom- position method （Chen and Kim, 2008） was helpful to reveal much more information from modal analysis. Most results from numerical simulation are generally consistent with those from model test （Choi and Hong, 2000） via the comparison between them. As supplementary to model test, visualization of the vortex wake was also provided. It has been proved that the forced oscillation doesn＇t only excite a complicated dumbbell-like wake pattern around the outer thimble, but also results in inner flow inside the PVC pipe. The velocity of the inner flow increases with the frequency of forced oscillation.

关键词： force oscillation vortex-induced vibration (VIV) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) ANAYS MFX instantaneous amplitude

An investigation of soil erosion and redistribution in a Mediterranean lowland agricultural catchment using caesium-137

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第1期25卷 1-16页

作者： joan ESTRANY Celso GARCIA Desmond E. WALLING Department of Earth Sciences University of the Balearic Islands Department of Geography University of ExeterAmory Building

This study sought to contribute to an improved understanding of soil erosion and redistribution on Mediterranean agricultural land, where traditional soil conservation practices have been applied over millennia to provide effective protection of cultivated land. The study was undertaken in the Na Borges catchment, a groundwater-dominated lowland limestone basin (319 km2), located in the northeastern part of Mallorca, Spain. The average sediment yield from the basin, based on river sediment load data, is o quantify soil redistribution rates over the past 40 years and to identify the key factors involved in soil erosion and redistribution processes. To estimate erosion and deposition rates and to elucidate the main factors affecting soil redistribution, samples were collected from six slope transects representative of the local land use and slope gradients and the presence or absence of soil conservation practices. A mass balance and a profile distribution conversion model were used for cultivated areas and areas of natural vegetation, respectively, to derive point estimates of the soil redistribution rates from the 137Cs inventories measured for individual soil bulk cores. In areas without soil conservation practices, the estimated mean soil erosion rates ranged from 12.7 to 26.4 t/ha·yr, which correspond to the slight and moderate erosion classes. The erosivity of Mediterranean climatic conditions combined with the influence of agricultural practices and slope gradient on soil erosion, represent the main factors responsible for the variation of soil losses documented for the cultivated land located in downslope areas, in the absence of soil conservation practices. Deposition dominated for those transects affected by soil conservation practices, with rates ranging between 18.8 and 96.6 t/ha·yr. However, this situation does not mean that soil conservation measures retain all the sediment, but rather that agriculture and urba

关键词： Soil erosion 137Cs Traditional soil conservation practices Agricultural land Mediterranean

Morphological Similarities between Single-Walled Nanotubes and Tubelike Structures of Polymers with Strong Adsorption Affinity to Nanowires

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第5期13卷 1245-1264页

作者： Thomas Vogel Tali Mutat joan Adler Michael Bachmann Center for Simulational Physics Department of Physics and AstronomyThe University of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA Department of Physics TechnionIsrael Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel

In their tubelike phase,nanowire-adsorbed polymers exhibit strong structural similarities to morphologies known from single-walled carbon(hexagonal)and boron(triangular)*** boron/boron nitride tubes require some disorder for stability the triangular polymer tubes provide a closer analog to the carbon *** means of computer simulations of both two and three dimensional versions of a coarse-grained bead-spring model for the polymers,we investigate their structural properties and make a detailed comparison with structures of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： Polymers on surfaces Monte Carlo methods structure of carbon nanotubes boron nanotubes

A Maximum-Entropy Method for Estimating the Spectrum

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China ocean Engineering 2007年第4期21卷 587-596页

作者：陈正寿王莉萍于定勇 Wu-joan KIM Engineering College Ocean University of China Mathematics Department Ocean University of China Department of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering Mokpo National University

Based on the maximunl-entropy （ME） principle, a new power spectral estimator for random waves is derived in the form of S（ω）=a/8H^2^-（2π）^（d＋2）exp[-b（2π/ω）^n],1）y solving a variational problem subject to some quite general constraints. This robust method is comprehensive enough to describe the wave spectra even in extreme wave conditions and is superior to periodogranl method that is not suit＇able to process comparatively short or intensively unsteady signals for its tremendous boundary effect and some inherent defects of FKF. Fortunately, the newly derived method for spectral estimation works fairly well, even though the sample data sets are very short and unsteady, and the reliability and efficiency of this spectral estimator have been preliminarily proved.

关键词： maximum-entropy method (MEM) maximum-entropy ,spectral estimator PDF periodogram method